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高中英语讲义
Section
Ⅱ
Warming Up & Reading
—
Language Points
ambition
n
.
[
U
]
雄心;野心
[
C
]
追求的目标;夙愿
(
教材
P
1
)Her
ambition
is to become part of the national team for the next Paralympic Games.
她的志向是成为国家队的一员,参加下一届残奥会。
(1)have an ambition to do sth.
有做某事的夙愿
realize/achieve one
’
s ambition
实现某人的抱负
(2)ambitious
adj
.
有雄心的;有野心的
①
Although
disabled,
he
has
always
had
an
ambition
to
set
up
his
own
business
after
graduation from college.
尽管残疾,
但他一直有大学毕业后创办自己的事业的抱负。
②
As far as I know,
Li Hua, Chairman of Students
’
Union, is determined to
achieve
his
ambition
.
据我所知,学生会主席李华决心实现他的抱负。
[
即学即练
]
——
单句语法填空
①
The little girl is ambitious(ambition) for success and always studies hard.
②
Because of his poor eyesight, the young man didn
’
t realize his ambition(ambitious)
.
suitable
adj.
适合的;适宜的
(
教材
P
1
)Although some may think the cinema is noisy, it is
suitable
for Sally’s condition.
尽管有人可能认为电影院里太吵了,但它很适合萨莉的情况。
(1)be suitable for
be suitable to do sth.
(2)suit
v
.
n
.
适合于
适合做某事
适合,使适宜
一套衣服;套装
①
(2019·
全国卷
Ⅰ
)Having been a responsible volunteer for many times in China, I believe
that I
’
m the
suitable
person that you want.
在中国我做过许多次负责任的志愿者,我相信我是你想要的合适人选。
②
The vehicles have been modified to
suit
conditions in the desert.
车辆已经被改装过用来适应沙漠的环境。
[
即学即练
]
——
单句语法填空
①
I
am
good
at
spoken
English,
therefore,
I
hold
the
firm
belief
that
I
am
suitable
for
the
只要坚持
梦想早晚会实现
1
高中英语讲义
post.
②
The young man isn
’
t suitable to__do(do)
the job, because he has no patience.
[
能力提升
]
——
微写作
③
(2019 ·
江苏卷
)
李江和苏华在关于欢迎英国学生时穿什么服装意见不一。
李建议穿 传统
的中国服装,而苏则认为校服更合适。
Li
Jiang
and
Su Hua
don
’
t
agree
on
what
to
wear
when
greeting
the
British
students.
Li
suggests
traditional
Chinese
clothes
while
Su
thinks
the__school__uniforms__are__more__suitable.
beneficial
adj
.
有益的;受益的
(
经典例句
)He has got into a good habit of reading in his spare time, which is
beneficial
to
him.
他养成了业余时间读书的好习惯,
这对他有益。
(1)be beneficial to...
(2)benefit
v
.
&
n
.
be of great benefit to...
=
be very beneficial to...
for the benefit of...
(3)benefit from
对
……
很有益
为了
……
的利益
得益于;从
……
中受益
对
……
有益
有助于;受益;利益;好处
①
As a matter of fact, music education is
beneficial
and important for all the students.
事实上,
音乐教育对所有的学生都有益而且很重要。
②
As we all know
,
books are the source of knowledge
,
from which I
benefit
a lot.
我们都知道,书籍是知识的源泉,我从中获益匪浅。
[
即学即练
]
——
一句多译
(2018·
全国卷
Ⅰ
)
了解中国的餐桌礼仪对你很有益。
①
Having
a
good
knowledge
of
table
manners
of
China
will__benefit__you__greatly.
(benefit
v
t
.)
②
Having a good knowledge of table manners of China
will__be__of__great__benefit_
_to__you. (benefit
n
.
)
③
Having
a
good
knowledge
of
table
manners
of
China
will__be__very__beneficial__to__you
.
(beneficial
adj
.)
in other words
换句话说,也就是说
(
=
that is to say
)
(
教材
P
2
)
In other words
,
there are not many people like me.
换句话说,
像我这样的人并
不多见。
只要坚持
梦想早晚会实现
2
高中英语讲义
in a word
keep one
’
s word
break one
’
s word
have a word with...
总之;简言之
遵守诺言
失信;不守诺言
与
……
谈一谈
①
He has achieved his aim.
In other words,
his ambition has come true.
他已经实现了他的目标。也就是说,他的抱负实现了。
②
In a word,
my life will be much richer and more colorful.
总之,
我的生活将会更富裕、
更多彩。
[
即学即练
]
——
用
word
的相关短语填空
①
I don
’
t feel at ease staying with him. In__other__words,__it
’
s uncomfortable for me to
stay with him.
②
(2019·
全国卷
Ⅰ
) In__a__word,__I have the confidence that I
’
ll be a qualified volunteer.
③
Once you have made a promise, you should keep__your__word,__or no one will trust you.
④
He has broken__his__word so many times that I cannot trust him any more.
adapt
v
t.
使适应;改编
(
经典例句
)Moreover, by doing the part
-
time
job I can get some precious experience so
that I can better
adapt
to the development and changes of society.
此外,
通过做兼职工作,
我可以获得一些宝贵的经验,
因 此我能更好地适应社会的发展
和变化。
(1)adapt (oneself) to...
(2)adapt...from...
adapt...for...
(3)adaptation
n
.
使
(
自己
)
适应
/
习惯于
……
根据
……
改写
/
改编
改编
/
改作
……
之用
适应;改编;改写本
①
In
a
word,
you
are
welcome
to
our
school
and
I
hope
you
can
adapt
to
the
new
surroundings soon.
总之,欢迎你来我们学校并希望你能很快适应新环境。
②
As far as I know, the TV play
is adapted from
a true story.
据我所知,这部电视剧改编自真人真事。
[
即学即练
]
——
单句语法填空
①
Work hard, otherwise you would find it hard to adapt to life in the future.
②
After graduation from college, I gradually adapted myself to living(live) on my own.
[
能力提升
]
——
微写作
③她不仅已经适应了新的生活环境,而且变得越来越开朗。
She
has __not__only__adapted__to__the__new__living__condit ions
,
but
she
is
becoming
只要坚持
梦想早晚会实现
3
高中英语讲义
more and more outgoing.
cut out
切去;省略;停止
(
做某事
)
(
教材
P
2
)I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they
cut out
a piece of
muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope.
我想我做过无数次检查了,< br>包括有一次检查,
他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉,
放在
显微镜下观察。
cut down
cut in
cut off
cut up
①
I
cut out
a good article from a newspaper yesterday.
昨天我从报纸上剪下一篇好文章。
②
The doctor advised me to
cut out
smoking and drinking.
医生建议我戒烟戒酒。
[
即学即练
]
——
用
cut
的相关短语填空
①
When Jason failed to pay his bill, the network company cut__off his Internet connection.
②
It is bad manners for you to always cut__in when other people are talking.
③
When you give a speech, you
’
d better cut__out unimportant details.
out of
breath
上气不接下气
(
教材
P
2
)So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got
out of
breath
after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs.
当我跑很短的一段路之后,
我就会喘不过气 来,
或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息,
因此上小学时有的孩子会嘲笑我。
(1)hold one
’
s breath
catch one
’
s breath
take a deep breath
lose one
’
s breath
(2)breathe
v
.
屏住呼吸
屏气,歇一口气
深呼吸
喘不过气来
呼吸
砍倒;削减
插话
切断
(
……
的供应
)
;切掉;隔断
切碎
①
Running all the way to school
,
Mary was
out of breath
when she reached her classroom.
一路奔跑去学校,玛丽到达教室时上气不接下气。
②
We all
held our breath
while our teacher announced the exam results.
当我们的老师宣布考试成绩时,我们都屏住呼吸。
[
即学即练
]< br>——
用
breath
的相关短语填空
①
They reached the company out__of__breath,__only to be told they were fired.
只要坚持
梦想早晚会实现
4
高中英语讲义
②
Take__a__deep__breath,__and then you may feel relaxed.
③
While climbing up the stairs, the old man always loses__his__breath
.
④
The race was so close that everyone was holding__their__breath at the finish.
absence
n
.缺席,不在某处
(
经典例句
)I would appreciate it if you could take care of my garden during my
absence
.
当我不在时如果你能帮我照看花园,我将非常感激。
(1)during/in one
’
s absence
=
in the absence of sb.
absence of mind
(2)absent
adj
.
be absent from
当某人不在的时候
心不在焉
缺席的,不在的
缺席,不在
①
The important document was stolen
in the absence of
the chairman.
主席不在时,重要文件被偷了。
②
They decided on the date and place of the party
during my absence
.
我不在时,他们决定了聚会的日期和地点。
[
即学即练
]
——
单句语法填空
①
It was his absence(absent) of mind during driving that resulted in a terrible accident.
②
I
’
m writing to explain to you the reason why I was absent(absence) from your lecture last
time.
annoyed
adj
.
颇为生气的
(
教材
P
2
)The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me
annoyed,
and I just ignore them.
少数同学看不到我的内心世界,但是我并不生气,只是不去理会他们。
(1)be annoyed with sb.
be annoyed at/about sth.
(2)annoy
v
t
.
annoy sb. with sth.
(3)annoying
adj
.
对某人生气
因某事而生气
使不悦;惹恼
因某事使某人烦恼
令人恼怒的,令人烦恼的
①
The kids wouldn
’
t stop talking, and I was beginning to
be annoyed with
them.
孩子们不停地说话,我对他们开始有点恼火了。
②
What
annoyed
him most was that he had received no apology.
最令他生气的是没人向
他道歉。
[
即学即练
]
——
单句语法填空
①
We
should
keep
a
cool
head
and
put
ourselves
in
others
’
shoes
rather
than
get
只要坚持
梦想早晚会实现
5
高中英语讲义
annoyed(annoy) and lose temper.
②
(2019·
全国卷
Ⅱ
)Bacteria are an annoying(annoy) problem for astronauts.
③
I like to pretend that I
’
m okay because I don
’
t want to annoy people with my problems.
[
能力提升
]
——
词汇升级
④
(
普通表达
)I felt very
angry
to find that they hadn’t waited for me.
(
高级表达
)I felt very annoyed
to find that they hadn’t waited for me.
all in all
总而言之
(
教材
P
2
)
All in all
I have a good life.
总而言之,我生活得很好。
above all
after all
first of all
at all
in all
首先;最重要的是
终究;毕竟
首先
根本,丝毫
总共,总计
①
All in all,
what you had done just now did annoy him greatly.
总而言之,你刚才所做的事确实令他很生气。
②
All in all,
working together is beneficial to both sides.
总而言之,协作对双方都有好处。
[
即学即练
]< br>——
用
all
的相关短语填空
①
(2019·
全国卷
Ⅲ
)All__in__all,__I sincerely invite
you to come to our school and see for
yourself.
②
It is reasonable to forgive __all
,
he is only a child.
③
We
’
d like to employ a secretary who is friendly, hard
-
working, and above__all,__able to
deal with the unexpected things.
as well as
除了
……
之外;也;和;和
……
一样好
(
教材
P
2
)
As well as
going to the movies and football matches with my friends
,
I spend a lot
of time with my pets.
除了同我的朋友们一起去看电影和足球比赛外,我还花很多时间和我
的宠物们在一起。
(1)as
well
as
连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的单复 数形式依据其前面的名词
或代词确定;
(2)as well as
意为< br>“
除
……
之外
”
,后接动词时,用动名词形式;
(3)as well as
也可以表示同级比较,意思是
“
和
……
一样好
”
,
well
为副词。
①
While
travelling
along
the
way,
we
can
enjoy
the
beautiful
scenery
as
well
as
the
new
looks of the villages and towns.
只要坚持
梦想早晚会实现
6
高中英语讲义
在沿途旅行中,
我们能欣赏大自然的美景和村庄城镇的新面貌。
②
My parents
as well as
I are sitting around chatting at the moment.
此刻,我的父母和我正闲坐着聊天。
[
即学即练
]
——
单句语法填空
①
As well as having(have) difficulty adapting herself to the new school life
,
she found the
culture difference was another challenge for her.
②
He plays the piano as well(good) as a professional pianist.
③
The teacher as well as his students is(be) going to take part in this activity.
[
能力提升
]
——
词汇升级
④
(
普通表达
)(2017·
天津卷
)I
often
surf
the
Internet
to
get
more
information
about
the
history
and
the culture of Tianjin.
(
高级表达
)I often surf the Internet to get more information about the history as__well__as
the culture of Tianjin.
every time
引导时间状语从句
(
教材
P
2
)
Every time
I returned after an absence
,
I felt stupid because I was behind the others.
每次缺课之后返校,我就觉得自己很笨,因为我比别人落后了。
(1)every time
用作连词,意为
“
每次
……
,每当
……
时 候
”
,引导时间状语从句;
(2)the first/last time, each/every time, next time, any time
,
表示
“
第一次
/
最后一次,
每一
次,
下一次,
任何时候
”
,均可引导时间状语从句。
①
Every time
I called on him, he was busy with his work.
每次我去拜访他,他总是在忙着工作。
②
Every time
she comes to see me, she always brings me some gifts.
她每次来看我总是带些礼物给我。
[
能力提升
]
——
完成句子
①
Ever y__time__I__think__of__you(
每次我想到你
) I know you’ll always be with me.
②
Next__time_ _you__hear__a__funny__joke(
下次你听到一个有趣的笑话
),
you
’
d
better
not laugh too hard.
③
The__first__time__he__came__to__the __city(
他第一次来到那个城市
),
he
decided
to
settle there.
④
You are welcome to come back any__time__you__want__to(
你什么时候想回来
)
.
v
.
-
ing
作伴随状语
(
教材
P
2
)I have a very busy life with no time to sit around
feeling sorry for myself
.
我的生活很充实,没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。
只要坚持
梦想早晚会实现
7
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