很快英文考研英语阅读 试卷12

2021年1月26日发(作者：大妈)

考研英语（阅读）
-
试卷
12

(
总分：
60.00
，做题时间：
90
分钟
)

一、
Reading Comprehension(
总题数：
6
，分数：
60.00)

1.
Section II Reading Comprehension
（分数：
10.00
）

_____ __________________________________________________ ___________________________________
解析：

2.
Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by
choosing A, B, C or D.
（分数：
10.00
）

________________ __________________________________________________ ________________________
解析：

Last weekend Kyle MacDonald in Montreal threw a party to celebrate the fact that he got his new
home in exchange for a red paper clip. Starting a year ago, MacDonald bartered the clip for
increasingly valuable stuff, including a camp stove and free rent in a Phoenix flat. Having
announced his aim(the house)in advance, MacDonald likely got a boost from techies eager to see
the Internet pass this daring test of its networking power. My whole motto was Start small,
think big, and have fun, says MacDonald , 26, I really kept my effort on the creative side
rather than the business side. Yet as odd as the MacDonald exchange was, barter is now big business
on the Net. This year more than 400,000 companies worldwide will exchange some $$10 billion worth
of goods and services on a growing number of barter sites. These Web sites allow companies to
trade products for a virtual currency, which they can use to buy goods from other members. In
Iceland, garment-maker Kapusalan sells a third of its output on the booming Vidskiptanetid
exchange, earning virtual money that it uses to buy machinery and pay part of employee salaries.
The Troc- Services exchange in France offers more than 4,600 services, from math lessons to ironing.
This is not a primitive barter system. By creating currencies, the Internet removes a major
barrier
—
what Bob Meyer, publisher of Barter News, calls
he double coincidence of wants. That


is, two parties once not only had to find each other, but also an exchange of goods that both
desired. Now, they can price the deal in virtual currency. Barter also helps firms make use of
idle capacity. For example, advertising is hugely bartered because many media, particularly
on the Web, can supply new ad space at little cost. Moreover, Internet ads don
register in
industry-growth statistics, because many exchanges are arranged outside the formal exchanges.
Like eBay, most barter sites allow members to grade trading partners for honesty, quality and
so on. Barter exchanges can allow firms in countries with hyperinflation or nontradable currencies
to enter global trades. Next year, a nonprofit exchange called Quick Lift Two(QL2)plans to open
in Nairobi, offering barter deals to 38,000 Kenyan farmers in remote areas. Two small planes will
deliver the goods. QL2 director Gacii Waciuma says the farmers are excited to be liberated from
corrupt middlemen. For them, barter evokes a bright future, not a precapitalist past.
（分数：
10.00
）

(1).The word
echies(Para. 1)probably refers to those who are
（分数：
2.00
）

of technology.
d in technology.
√

nt of technology.
etent in technology.
解析：解析：含义题。
B
项
skilled in technology< br>，根据原文第一段
techie
的下文“渴望看到网络的力量”的人，应
该是熟 悉网络，擅长网络的人，故选
B
项
skilled in technology。
A
、
C
、
D
项于逻辑上说不通，如果害怕技术，对技
术无动于衷，不可能对网络新兴技术如此渴望和感兴趣。
“
techie
”相 当于中文里的“技术狂”
。


）
2.00
（分数：
(2).Many people may have deliberately helped Kyle because they
impressed by his creativity.
eager to identify with his motto.
his goal announced in advance.
to prove the power of the Internet.
√

解析：解析：细节题。根据第一段的
MacDonald likely got a boost from techies eager to see the
Internetpass this daring test of its networking power
：麦克的成功得益于很多技术达人的支持，他们非常殷切
地 希望看到互联网发挥社交网络的力量。
D
项与其相符。

(3).The Internet barter system relies heavily on
（分数：
2.00
）

size of barter sites.
use of virtual currency.
√

quality of goods or services.
location of trading companies.
解析：解析：细节题。根据第三段的“
By creating currencies
，
the Internet removes a major ba rrier(
通过创造
货币，互联网解决了一个大障碍
)
”可以推理得知，该 系统非常依赖虚拟货币。
B
项为正确答案。

(4).It is implied that Internet advertisement can help
（分数：
2.00
）

ies make more profit.
√

ies do formal exchanges.
register in statistics.
grade barter sites.
解析：
解析：
推断题。
题目为
“文章中揭示了互联 网广告能够帮助
______
”
，
答案来自第四段的
“
Fo rexample
，
advertising
is
‘
hugely bartered'because many media
，
particularly on the Web
，
can sup
—
ply new
adspace at little cost(
许多媒体，尤其是网络媒体，能够以低廉价 格提供广告空间
)
”
。
B
项与后文相反，
C
项没有 提
到，
D
项没有提到，
A
项符合逻辑，既然广告价格低廉当然可以为 公司创造更多利润。

(5).Which of the following is true of QL2 according to the author?
（分数：
2.00
）

is criticized for doing business in a primitive way.
aims to deal with hyperinflation in some countries.
helps get rid of middlemen in trade and exchange.
√

is intended to evaluate the performance of trading partners.
解析：解析：细节题。根据第五段中的
QL2 director Gacii Waciuma says the farmers are excited to
be
“
liberated from corrupt middlemen
．
”
QL2
的主管表示，农民们非常激动，因为终于可以“摆脱腐败的中间商的剥< br>削了”
，可以推理出
C
项为正确答案。

When Thomas Keller, one of Americas foremost chefs, announced that on Sept. 1 he would abolish
the practice of tipping at Per Se, his luxury restaurant in New York City, and replace it with
a European-style service charge, I knew three groups would be opposed: customers, servers and
restaurant owners. These three groups are all committed to tipping
—
as they quickly made clear
on Web sites. To oppose tipping, it seems, is to be anti-capitalist, and maybe even a little French.
But Mr. Keller is right to move away from tipping
—
and its worth exploring why just about everyone
else in the restaurant world is wrong to stick with the practice. Customers believe in tipping
because they think it makes economic sense. Waiters know that they won
get paid if they don

do a good job is how most advocates of the system would put it. To be sure, this is a tempting,
apparently rational statement about economic theory, but it appears to have little applicability
to the real world of restaurants. Michael Lynn, an associate professor of consumer behavior and
marketing at Cornells School of Hotel Administration, has conducted dozens of studies of tipping
and has concluded that consumers assessments of the quality of service correlate weakly to the
amount they tip. Rather, customers are likely to tip more in response to servers touching them
lightly and leaning forward next to the table to make conversation than to how often their water
glass is refilled
—
in other words, customers tip more when they like the server, not when the
service is good. Mr. Lynns studies also indicate that male customers increase their tips for
consumers
more, s What servers. male for tips their increase customers female while servers female
seem to forget that the tip increases as the bill increases. Thus, the tipping system is an open
invitation to what restaurant professionals call upwelling : every bottle of imported water,


every espresso and every cocktail is extra money in the servers pocket. Aggressive upwelling
for tips is often rewarded while low-key, quality service often goes unrecognized. In addition,
the practice of tip pooling, which is the norm in fine-dining restaurants and is becoming more
common in every kind of restaurant above the level of a greasy spoon, has ruined whatever effect
voting with your tip might have had on an individual waiter. In an unreasonable outcome, you are
punishing the good waiters in the restaurant by not tipping the bad one. Indeed, there appears
to be little connection between tipping and good service.
（分数：
10.00
）

(1).It may be inferred that a European-style service
（分数：
2.00
）

tipping- free.
√

s little tip.
the author s initiative.
offered at Per Se.
解析：解析：推断题。根据关键词定位到第一段。根据
he would abolish the practice of tipping at Per
Se
．
his luxury restaurant in New York City
，
and replace it with European-style service
档牡敧，
replace
表
明欧洲式的服务收费与付小费制度相反，因此
A
项“不付 小费的”为正确答案。

(2).Which of the following is NOT true according to the author?
（分数：
2.00
）

g is a common practice in the restaurant world.
s don
care about tipping.
√

ers generally believe in tipping.
g has little connection with the quality of service.
解析：解析 ：细节题。此题宜选用排除法来确定答案。根据各个选项的关键词在原文中定位．可知
A
项“在 餐饮业付小
费是普遍的做法”
、
C
项“顾客通常笃信小费制度”
、< br>D
项“小费制度与服务质量几乎没有关系”都正确。根据第三段提
到的
Wait ers
know
that
they
won't
get
paid
if
they
don't
do
agood
job
以及下文的“
this
is
a
…
rational
statement
about economic theory
”可知
B
项“侍者不在乎小费”表述错误。

(3).According to Michael Lynn s studies, waiters will likely get more tips if they
（分数：
2.00
）

performed good service.
ntly refill customers water glass.
customers favor.
√

customers of the same sex.
解析：解析：细节题。根据题干定位到第四、五段。由第五段的
customers tip the more when they likethe
server
，潮
?< br>桷湥琠敨猠牥楶散椠
?
潧摯可知，如果侍者能够赢得顾客的青睐，他就可能会得到更多的 小费，这与服务质
量没有关系，因此
C
项为正确答案。

(4).We may infer from the context that %upwelling(Para. 6)probably means
（分数：
2.00
）

g something up.
g something fancy.
g something unnecessary.
g something more expensive.
√

解析：解析：含义题。根据关键词定位到第六段。本段开头说：消费者似乎忘记 了这样一个事实，即账单消费越多，小
费也越多。因此小费制度就等于变相公开邀请饭店服务员“
upwelling
”
，冒号后面解释了什么是
upwelling
：每瓶 进口
水、
每杯高级咖啡、
每杯鸡尾酒都意味着侍者口袋里额外的小费。
下文接 着提到
Aggressive
upwelling
for
tips
is
often
rewarded
，即这种
upwelling
的行为是为了得到小费。综上不难判断，答案为
D
项，
upwelling< br>意思是“卖出更贵的东
西”
。

(5).This passage is mainly about
（分数：
2.00
）

s to abolish the practice of tipping.
√

ic sense of tipping.
ers attitudes towards tipping.

g for good service.
解析：解析：主旨题。文章开头提到要取消小费制度，第二段提到有必要探讨为什么餐饮业人员维护小费 制度的做法是
错误的，接下来就讲了几点原因，最后得出结论：付小费与优质服务几乎没有关系，由此可 见本文主要是讲取消小费制
度的原因，
A
项为正确答案。

Cyberspace, data superhighways, multi media
—
for those who have seen the future, the linking of
computers, television and telephones will change our lives forever. Yet for all the talk of a
forthcoming technological Utopia, little attention has been given to the implications of these
developments for the poor. As with all new high technology, while the West concerns itself with
the how, the question of