怎样写好英语段落二

2021年1月25日发(作者：英语过去式)

怎样写好英语段落

二




段落发展的手段及结尾段的写法



在上一讲我们讲了主题句,
推展句的写法；
这一讲我们要进一步来谈一谈段落发展的几种
手段以及结尾段的 写法。



段落发展的几种手段



1.
列举法（
details
）



作者运用列举法
,
是通过列举一系列的论据对
topic sentence
中摆出的论点进行广泛、
全面地陈述或解释
,
列举的顺序可以按照所列各点内 容的相对重要性、时间、空间等进行。



Yesterday was one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong.
First, I didn't hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didn't read
my
diary
properly
and
forgot
to
get
to
an
important
meeting
with
my
boss.
During
the
coffee
break,
I
dropped
my
coffee
cup
and
spoilt
my
new
skirt.
At
lunch
time,
I
left
my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was
angry because I hadn't gone to the meeting. Then I didn't notice a sign on a door
that said
“
Wet Paint
”
and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldn't
get into my flat because I had left my key in my office. So I broke a window to get
in and cut my hand.


根据本段主题句中的关键词组
everything I did went wrong,< br>作者列举了
8
点内容
,
分
别由
first, then, during the coffee break, after lunch time
等连接词语引出
,
使得该
文条理清楚、脉络分明、内容连贯。



常用于列举法的过渡连接词有：
for one thing , for another, finally, besides,
moreover, one another , still another, first, second, also
等。



2.
举例法（
example
）



作者通过举出具 体事例来阐述、
说明主题句的内容
,
严格地讲
,
举例法也是列举法的 一种
,
它们的区别在于：
列举法侧重罗列事实
,
所列事实力求全面；
而举例法侧重通过举出典型事例
来解释作者观点
,
且事例可多可少。



我们来看下面这个用举例法展开的段落。



There
are
many
different
forms
of
exercises
to
suit
different
tastes.
For
example,
those who enjoy competitive sports may take up ball games. For another example, if
they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a walk in the morning or
in the evening. Besides, people can go swimming in the summer and go skating in the
winter. In short, no matter what their interests are, people can always find more
than one sports that are suitable to them.


本段采用了三个事例来说明主题句中的关键词组
different forms of exercises,
这三
个例子分别由连接词
for
example,
for
another
example
和
besides
引出
,
最后由引导的结
尾句总结全段内容。



举例法中常用的连接词有：
for example
（
instance
）
, one example is, besides,
furthermore, moreover, in addition
等。



3.
叙述法（
narration
）



叙述法发展 段落主要是按照事物本身的时间或空间的排列顺序
,
通过对一些特有过渡连
接词的使用
,
有层次分步骤地表达主题句的一种写作手段。用这种方法展开段落
,
作者能 够清
楚连贯地交待事物的本末
,
从而可以使读者可以清晰、完整地理解文章的含义,
例如：



In
the
flat
opposite,
a
woman
heard
the
noise
outside.
When
she
looked
out
through