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高一英语必修二重点单词短语及句型的归纳

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2021-01-25 08:14
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2021年1月25日发(作者:酒局)
高中英语必修
H
重点单词、短语和句型

Unit 1 Cultural relics
重点单词和短语

1.
in search of
寻找、搜寻

in the/one
'
search for
寻找,搜寻

search for= look for
搜寻

search ... for
为了找

....
而搜查

...

2.
could n ever have imagi ned
绝不可能想至

U

情态动词
+have done


may/might have done
过去可能做过

表推测

f must have done
过去一定做过

表后悔、

need'thave done
过去本没有必要做(实际上做了)

责备、遗

-
should/ought to have done
过去本应该做(实际上未做)

憾等语气

shouldn
'
oughtn
'
to have done
过去本不该做(实际上做了)

3.
select vt.
挑选,选择;选择

select sb. to do sth.
选择某人做某事

select ... as
挑选
..
作为

...

select ... from

...
中选岀
...


4.
desig n
n. & vt.
设计,图案,构思;计划

{
make desig ns for


.
.........



be desig ned
to do
目的是做

for
专为

.
..
而设计的

as
打算当做

in design
在设计上

by design=on purpose
故意地

5.
fancy adj.
奇异的,异样的;时髦的

vt.
想象,设想;爱好,喜欢

fancy

one
'

doing sth.
想象(某人)做某事

Fancy meet ing so many televisi on actiors!
居然能见到那么多电视演员
!

n.
喜爱,想要

take a fancy to
喜欢上;

爱上

6. decorate vt.
装饰;装修,装潢

decorate ... with ...


装饰…

7.
in return (for)
(1) ....................


(



)
回报

/
报答
(
=in reward for
)

If you give me your photo, I
'
give you mine in return.
你若送我一张照片,我便回赠一张给你。

He didn
'
expect anything in return for his help.
他帮助人并不期待任何回报。

(2 )
作为回应

I asked his opinion, but he just asked me a questi on in retur n.
我征求他的意见,他却只是反问了我一个问题。

【辨析】
in return

in turn
易混词组

辨析

例句

表示“作为回报(报答)”;作

为回


He has given me so much help that I
really want to do something for him in
return.
他给了我许多帮助,所以真

的想
为他做些什么作为报答。

Interest rates were cut and, in turn,
share prices rose
利率下调,股价就相

应地上涨了。

The kids came out of the room in tur n.
孩子们依次走岀房间。

in return
in turn
①表示“相应地;转而,反之,

反过
来”②表示“依次,逐个轮

流”

8. have/get sth. done
本结构可表示两种意义



1

使某事被做(主语有意识的行为,可能是主语自己做的,也可能是让别人做)

I must have my homework done before going to bed.
上床睡觉前我必须做完作业。
(
由自己完成
)
He had/got his hair cut yesterday.



他昨天理发了。(由别人完成)


2

遭遇
/< br>经历某种不幸的事(此事违背主语的意愿)

She had all her jewellery stolen.
她所有的珠宝都被偷了


【拓展】


have/let/make sb. do sth.
让某人做某事


get sb. to do sth.
让某人做某事

have/get

sb. Doi ng
让某人一直做某事



9. at war
处于交战状态

at + n.

表示一种状态或持续的活动
:


at peace
处于和平状态

at church
在做礼拜


at rest
在休息


at breakfast/lunch/supper
在吃早

/


/
晚饭


at table
在吃饭

at sea
在航海


at work
在上班


at school
在上学



【链接】


介词
in


under< br>和
on
都可以与名词连用,表示一种状态或持续的活动,此时名词前一般


不加冠词。


on sale
上市,岀售

in trouble
处于困境
(
困难
)


in

on holiday
在度假,在休假中

dan ger
在危险中

under

on fire
着火,失火

discussion
在讨论中

under

on duty
值班

repairz
在维修中


10. remove vt.



1


移走;移开;移动;搬开


from


...
搬走某物


remove sth. - to
把某物搬到

.
.....


_into/out
把某物搬入
/
搬岀



2


除掉;清除(
=get rid of



You
'
better perform well to remove his doubt.

你最好好好表现来打消他的疑虑。




脱下(衣服等)(
=take off
);摘下


I recog ni zed him after he removed his dark

glasses.

4

把……免职;开除


remove sb. from
某人被免

...



11. less than
少于,小于(某一数目或数

量)


少于

V

less tha n


不少于,至于

not less tha n



一样,多达(强调多)

no less tha n

=


多于;不仅仅

>

more tha n


不多于,不超过,至多

not more tha n

no more tha n
仅仅(强调少)

=



【辨析】
no less t han


not less than

易混词组

辨析

例句


He has no less than 1 million

多达(强调数量之多,相当于

as much
dollars.
他的钱多达

100
万美

丿
no less tha n

as


元。


He has not less than 1,000 dollars.

“至少”(强调下限,相当于

at least


not less tha n
他至少有
1000
美元。




12. doubt n. & v.

(1) n.
怀疑,疑惑


毫无疑问

...

There is no doubt that ...

Y
There is no doubt about/of ...

Jhere is (some) doubt whether ...
对……持有疑问


without/no/beyond doubt
无疑地;确实

【拓展】
in doubt
不肯定;没把握


(2) v.
怀疑;不相信




doubt whether/if ..
怀疑是否

......


L,
I don
'
doubt that ...
我确信

.
.....


13. worth prep. & n.
值得的;相当于……的价值的


worth doing
值得做



短语

符号

意义

be worth +
钱数值

.
.....


be worth + n.
值得
.....

【辨析】
worth, worthy


worthwhile
易混词

搭配

worth
be worth + n. /do ing
rof being done be
worthy
■<
to be done
Lo
f sth.
例句



cosiderati on.
The matter is worth
J

Lcosideri ng.

on siderati on.
r
of
g
eing con sidered.
The matter is worthy
Lto be con sidered.
rto con sider
It is worthwhile
-J
Ljcon sideri ng
the matter.
worthy
worthwhile

It
'
worthwhile to do/doing sth.
【注意】①
worth
后接动名词时,用主动形式表示被动

勺含义。



worth
不能用
very
修饰,但可以用

well
修饰。



除作表语外,
worth
还可作后置定语。

West Lake is a place worth see in g.
西湖是个值得一看的地方。

14.
evidenee n.
证据,根据;证明

There is evidenee that ...
有证据表明
...

15.
rather tha n
(1)
而不是

I decided to write rather tha n teleph one.
我决定写信而不是打电话。

(2)
与其

...

不如
...
;宁愿

..
而不愿

...

He is an explorer rather than a sailor.
与其说他是一个海员,倒不如说他是一个探险者。

Rather than cause trouble, he left.
他不愿意惹麻烦,宁可离去。

【拓展】

prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
宁愿做某事也不愿做某事

would rather do sth. tha n do sth. /would do sth. rather tha n do sth.
宁愿做某事也不愿做某事

or rather
更确切地说

【注意】



rather than
有时相当于介词,有时起连词作用,其连接的两个成分的词性应该一致。



rather than
连接两个不定式时,后一个常省略

to
,

rather than
位于句首时,常跟不


to
的不定式。



rather than
连接两个主语时,谓语动词应与

rather than
前面的主语在人称和数上保持

一致,相同用法的还有:

as well as

together with


with


besides
等。

16.
think highly of
高度评价,认为

....
不错;器重;看重

【拓展】

th ink much/well of
器重
/
看重
/
赞赏

thi nk ill/poorly/badly/little of
认为

......



think nothing of
轻视;认为

.....
无所谓

speak highly of
高度评价
/
赞扬

speak well/ill of


....
的好

/
坏话

17.
debate n. & v.
(1)
n.
辩论;争论;讨论

{
{
under debate
在辩论
/
讨论中

a heated/lively debate
一场激烈的争论

bey on d/without debate
无可争论

(2)
v.(
尤指正式
)
讨论,辩论

sth. with sb.
同某人辩论
/
讨论某事

wh- to do sth.
讨论

.....

某事

on sth.
讨论某事

【辨析】
debate

argue

debate
侧重“双方各抒己见

,内含“交锋”的意思。


argue
侧重

说理”、

论证”和

企图说服”。常用结构:

argue sb. into/out of doing sth.


说服某人做
/
不做某事。

重点句子

1.
Frederick William
I
, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to
the Russia n people would have such an amaz ing history.
普鲁士国王腓特烈


威廉一世绝不

可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。

2. However, the n ext Ki ng of Prussia, Frederick William
I
, to whom the amber room bel on ged, decided not to keep
it.
然而,下一位普鲁士国王,腓特烈


威廉一世,这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。

3.
In retur n, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.
作为回赠,沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。

4. Later, Catherine
n
had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spe nt her summers.
后来,叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。

5.
In 1770 the room was completed the way she wan ted.
1770
年,这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。

6.
In less tha n two days 100,000 pieces were put in side twen ty-seve n woode n boxes.
在不到两天的时间里,
10
万个部件被装进了

27
个木箱。

7. There is no doubt that the boxes were the n put on a tra in for K
?
ni gsberg, which was at that time a German city
on the Baltic Sea.
毫无疑问,这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡,

当时德国在波罗的海海边的一个城市。

8. In groups discuss: Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yua nmin gyua n in Beiji ng?
分组讨论:重建遗失的文化遗产,如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园是值得的吗?

9. An opinion is what some one believes is true but has not bee n proved.
看法是人们相信是真实的,但是未经证实。

10.
I thi nk highly of those who are searchi ng for the Amber Room.
我很欣赏那些寻找琥珀屋的人。

11.
Nor do I think they should give it to any gover nment.
我也认为他们不应该把它交给任何政府。

Unit 2 The Olympic Games
重点单词和短语

1.
compete vi.
比赛;竞争

compete in
参力廿

比赛

-compete with/against


.....
竞争

.compete for


.
...
而竞争

2.
sta nd for
(1)
代表;象征;
(
指缩写或符号
)
是……的意思;表示

(2)
容忍,忍受
(
用于否定句中
)
(3)
支持,主张

【链接】

_
sta nd (doi ng) sth.
忍受
(

)
某事

stand by
袖手旁观,站在

..
一边

stand out
显眼,引人注目

stand up for


...
而站起来,支持,维护

stand on one's own feet
自立

3.
volu nteer
(1)
n.
志愿者;志愿兵

(2)
vt. & vi.
自愿
(

)

volu nteer to do sth.
自愿做某事

'

-volunteer for sth.
4.
on a regular basis
有规律地;定期地

【辨析】

regular, normal


ordinary
易混词

辨析

regular
no rmal
“定期的,规则的”,指已有模式有定律的或


期的

“正常,标准的”,指不超过某种限度、

符合

某种标准或常规。

return to normal
恢复正常

例句

You
'
better take regular exercise.
你最好定期做运动。

The doctor said the child
'
temperature was normal.
医生说


子的体温正常。

ord inary

“普通的,平常的”,强调一般性和普通性,


不突岀的意味。
ord in ary people
普通人


He preferred to be treated as an
ordinary worker.
他宁愿被当

成普
通工人看待。

on the basis of



..
为基础

5. admit
(1)
允许进入;让?


..



admit sb.
T
o/into
允许某人进入……;吸引某人为……的成员


'be admitted as
作为

.....
被接受
(
后接表示成员的名词
)

(2)
容纳
(
相当于

hold, seat
)

(3)
承认;供认

admit (to) sth.
承认某事

admit (to) doi ng sth.
承认做过某事

admit +that-clause
承认
...


_ admit ... To be + adj./n.
承认

....


...

6.
respon sibility n.
责任,职责

a sense of responsibility
责任感

take responsibility for


负责任

take on the responsibility
承担责任

claim respon sibility for
声称对

负责

7. ....................................... as much +
不可数名词
+as


(
程度上
)
是一样的

It is as much your respon sibily as mine.
这件事你和我一样都有责任。

【拓展】


as much +
不可数名词
/a(n) +
可数名词单数
+as ...



.........
(
程度上
)
是一样的
(
much
表程度
)
It is gen erally believed that teach ing is as much an art as a scie nee.
一般认为,教学既是一门艺术,也是一门科学。

(2)
.
... .................................................. ................
否定式:
not as/so much ... as
与其说是

不如说是


He is not as much an actor as a TV host.
与其说他是演员,不如说他是电视节目主持人。

8.
replace vt.
代替,取代;替换

replace ... with/by


....
代替

/
替换

.
..

take the place of=take one
'
place
替代,取代

【注意】

take the place of, in place of, instead of
均可表示

代替

,但

take the place of
为动词短语
,

in place of

in
stead of
为介词短语。

9.
charge
(1)
n.
主管;费用

take charge of
负责,接管

in charge of
主管,掌管

in the charge of=in one
'
charge
被掌管,由

.
...
负责

charge for .......
的收费

9
free of charge
免费

(2)
vt.
收费,要价;指控,控告;起诉;指责,谴责

-charge sb. some money for sth.
因某事而向某人收
.....


.charge sb. with (doing) sth.
指控< br>(
控告、指责
)
某人
(
做了
)
某事

10.
advertise v.


....

广告;登广告

advertise for
为征求
..
登广告

advertisement n.
广告

11.
garga in n. & vi.
(1)
n.
协议;交易

make a barga in with sb. About sth.
与某人就某事达成协议

(2)
n.
便宜货

a good/bad bargain
交易合算

/
不合算

a real bargain
真便宜;便宜货

(3)
vi.(
与某人就某事
)
讨价还价,讲条件

Bargai n with sb. Over/about/for sth.
就某物与某人讨价还价

12.
pick up
(1)
捡起;拾起

He picked up his hat and went away.
他拾起帽子,走开了。

(2)
学会,获得
(
尤指偶然或无意中
)
She picked up Fre nch whe n she was in Paris.
在巴黎时,她学会了法语。

(3)
(
用车
)
去接

The bus stopped to pick up the passengers.
公共汽车停下来搭载乘客。


4


恢复(健康、精神);好转

A bite of someth ing might pick you up.
吃一点东西也许能使你振作起来

Busin ess will pick up before summer.
夏天来到之前,生意将会好转。


5


接收

I picked up Radip Beijing last night.
昨晚我收听到了北京广播电台。

⑹使增加;加快

The car is picking up speed.
汽车加速了

13.
one after another
一个接一个地;陆续地

【辨析】

one after another


one by one
易混词组

辨析

例句

one after ano ther
one by one

一个接一个地(强调连续性)

一个一个地(强调一次一个)

The guests came out one after an
other.
客人们一个接一个地

来了。

Do these exercises one by one.

道一道地做这些练习题。

14. deserve v.
(不用于进行时态)值得;应得;应受(报答或惩
罚)

to do
值得做

,应该做


deserv -
-doing/to be done
值得被做

...

重点句子


1. Only athletes who have reached the agreed sta ndard for their eve nt will be admitted as competitors.
只有达到他们
各自项目统一标准的 运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。

2. There
'
as much competiti on among cou ntries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.
国与国之间争取奥
运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运会奖牌一样激烈。

3. It
'
in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swim ming, saili ng and all the team
sports.
跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。

Unit 3 Computers
重点单词和短语

1.
It took +
一段时间

+ before +
从句

过了一段时间后才

...

【拓展】

It will

not

be +
时间段

+ before +
从句(现在时)

要过一段时间后才……(用不了一段时间就……)

It was

not

be +
时间段

+ before +
从句(过去时)

过了一段时间后才……(每过一段时间就……)

It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.
还有半年你才从这所学校毕业。

It was a long time before I un derstood what he did.
很长一段时间后我才理解他所做的事情。

2. solve vt.
解决;解答

【辨析】
solve

settle
易混词

solve
辨析

例子



a mystery/puzzle/problem
解决谜团
/


/
问题

solve
y

L
difficulties
解决困难


解决事情
/
争吵

settle
<


an argument/issue
解决争论
/
问题

“解决”,侧重给岀问题的




“解决”,其对象通常是某


争端

settle
【单词积累】


soluti on n.
解决,解答

soluti on to the problem
3.
reality n.

U

现实;真实;

C

事实;实际经 历;见过的事物

race/accept reality
面对

/
接受现实

out of touch with reality
脱离现实

J
with reality
真实地;逼真地

I
in reality
实际上

bring ... Back to reality
使
....
面对现实,不再抱有幻想

J
become a reality
变成现实

4.
go by
(时间)逝去,过去;走过,经过;(机会等)轻易错过

5.
as a result
因此,结果

result from


....

I
起;起因于

result in
导致,造成

6.
application n.
应用;用途;申请;请求

-make an application (to sb.) for (
向某人
)
申请

.
.....

an applicati on form
申请表

【拓展】

apply v.
应用;申请

apply ... to ...


.
....
应用到
...

apply on eself to
致力于;集中精力于

apply for
申请

apply to ... for ...


....
申请

..

7.
an yhow adv.
(1)

(
转换话题、结束谈话或回到原话题时说
)
无论如何,反正

Anyhow I don
'
like it.
反正我喜欢它。

(2)

而且,加之,反正

I don 'twant to go out and anyhow it is raining.
我不想岀去,而且天又在下雨。

(3)

尽管,即使这样

I am afraid we can
'
come, but thanks for the invitation anyhow.
恐怕我们来不了,不过还是感谢邀请。

【注意】

anyhow


无论如何;而且;即使如此”讲时,可与

某种方式;不知怎么地”

7.
goal n.
(1)

目标;目的

set a goal
设定目标

achieve/realize/attain/reach a goal
实现目标

(2)

进球;得分;球门

score a goal
得分
(
踢进一球
)

keep goal
守球门

8.
of high quality
高质量的


of +
修饰词
(

high, great, little, some, no

)
+
抽象名词

结构除了用作定语,还常

用作表语,相当于形容词的
作用。如:

be of great value = be very valuable
be of great use = be very useful
be of great in terest = be very in terest ing
9 give away
捐赠,赠送;分发,颁发;泄露,暴露

10. in a way = in one/some way
在某种程度上

【链接】

in the way/in one
'
way
挡道,碍事

in this/that way
以这种
/
那种方式

in any way
在任何方面

by way of
经由

...

in no way
绝不,一点儿也不
(
置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装
)
11. arise vi. (arose, arisen)
岀现;发生,产生;引起;产生

arise from = result from


产生

【辨析】

arise, rise

raise
易混词

词性

过去式、过去分词

词义

例句

arise
rise
raise

anyway
互换;
somehow
表示



vi.
vi.
vt.
arose, arise n
rose, rise n
raised,raised
产生,发生;出现

升起来,上升

举起,使

.
..
上升

Most
accide nts
arose from
careless ness.
大部分事故是由


忽大意引起的。

The sun rises in the east and sets
in the west.
太阳东升西落。

She raised her head and stared at
them.
她抬起头盯着他们看。

12.
make up
(1)
组成,构成
(
常与

of
连用,并用被动形式
)

-


-


-


-


-


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