英国文学史及选读复习大纲

2021年1月24日发(作者：一无所有)
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点


1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors a
nd understatements
（此处可能会有填空，选择等小题）

2. Romance
（名词解释）

3.
“Sir
Gawain and the Green
Knight”:
a famous roman about King
Arthur’s
story
4. Ballad
（名词解释）

5. Character of Robin Hood
6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 12
4 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic c
ouplet)
7. Heroic couplet (
名词解释
)8. Renaissance
（名词解释）
9
.Thomas More
——
Utopia
10. Sonnet
（名词解释）
11. Blank verse
（名词解释）
12. Edmund Spenser
“The
Faerie
Queene”

13. Francis Bacon
“essays”
esp.
“Of
Studies”
（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好
参照，
本文用词正 式优雅，
多排比句和长句，
语言造诣非常高，
里面很多话都可以引用做格
言警 句，非常值得一读）

14. William Shakespeare
四大悲剧比 较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，
背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的 是
Hamlet
这是肯定的。他的
sonnet
也
很重要，最重要属
sonnet18
。（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读）

15. John Milton
三大史诗非常重要，特别是
Paradise Lost
和
Samson Agonistes
。对于
Paradise Lost
需要知道它是
blank verse
写成的，故事情节来自
Old Testament
，另外要知
道此书
theme
和
Satan的形象。

16. John Bunyan
——
The
Pilgrim’s
Progress
17. Founder of the Metaphysical school
——
John Donne; features of the school: philosoph
ical poems, complex rhythms and strange images.
18. Enlightenment
（名词解释）

19. Neoclassicism
（名词解释）

20. Richard Steele
——“The

Tatler”

21. Joseph Addison
——“The

Spectator”
这个比 上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天
的报纸不一样，
它虚构了一系列的人物，
以 这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，
这一部
分要仔细读。

22.
Steel’s
and
Addison’s
styles and their contributions
23. Alexander Pope:
“Essay
on
Criticism”,

“Essay
on
Man”,

“The
Rape of
Lock”,

“The
Dun
ciad”;
his workmanship (features) and limitations
24. Jonathan Swift:
“Gulliver’s

Travels”此书非常重要，
要知道具体内容，
就是
Gulliver
游历
过 的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象
;
（我们主要讲了三个地
方）

“A
Modest
Pro posal”
比较重要，要注意作者用的
irony
也就是反讽手法。

25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th
century English literature.
26. Daniel Defoe:
“Robinson

Crusoe”,

“Moll

Flanders”,

当然是
Robinson Crusoe
比较重要，
剧情要清楚，
Robinson Crusoe
的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，
以及殖民主义的萌< br>芽。
另外注意
Defoe
的
style
和
featu re
，
另外
Defoe
是
forerunner of English realistic novel
。

27. Samuel Richardson
——“Pamela”
(first epistolary novel),
“Clarissa

Harlowe”,

“Sir
Charl
es
Grandison”

28. Henry Fielding:
“Joseph

Andrews”,

“Jonathan

Wild”,

“Tom

Jones”
第一个和第三个比较
重要，需要仔细看。他 是一个比较重要的作家，另外
Fielding
也被称为
father of the English novel.
29. Laurence Sterne
——“Tristram
Sha
ndy”
项狄传

30. Richard Sheridan
——“The
School for
Scandal”

31. Oliver Goldsmith
——“The

Traveller”(poem),

“The
Deserted
Village”
(poem) (both two
poems were written by heroic couplet),
“The
Vicar of
Wakefield”
(novel),
“The
Good-Nat
ured
Man”
(comedy),
“She
stoops to
Conquer”
(comedy),
“The
Citizen of the
World”
(coll
ection of essays)
32. Sentimentalism
（名词解释）

33. Thomas Gray
——“Elegy
Written in a Country < br>Churchyard”
（英国诗歌里非常著名的一
首，曾经被誉为
“
有史以来英国诗歌里最好的一首
”
）
(a representative of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets
墓园派诗人
)
* Graveyard School /
Poets”:
A term applied to eighteenth- century poets who wrote medi
tative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods whi
ch range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted in one of the
most widely known English poems, Thomas
Gray’s

“Elegy
written in a country churchyard
”.
The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the se
cond part of the century and also influenced some American poets.
34. In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre- Romanticism; representative: William Blake
and Robert Burns.
35. Thomas Percy
——“Reliques
of Ancient English
po etry”
许多中古的民谣都是在这个时期
重新收集和整理起来的，这个集子是那个时代比较有 名的一个民谣集。

36. William Blake
比较重要，需要对主要作品有所了解，特别是
Songs of Innocence
和
Songs of Experience,
这两本集子 的
contrast
一定要注意，另外
Blake
的写作特点也要注意，比如 语言的简单明了，神秘主义氛围等。

37. Robert Burns
伟大的苏格兰民族诗
人
, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne
等名诗，写作特
点
: Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence fro
m Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his poems.

《英国文学史及选读》第二册练习题

I.
浪漫主义时期

I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one t
hat would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets.
1. English Romanticism is generally said to have begun with_____in 1798.
A. the publication of Lyrical Ballads
B. the death of Sir Scott
C. the birth of William Wordsworth
D. the passage of the first Reform Bill in the Parliament
2. The Romantic Period is first of all an age of_____.
A. Novel B. poetry C. drama D. prose
3. Romanticism does not emphasize_____.
A. the special qualities of each
individual’s
mind
B. the inner world of the human spirit
C. individuality
D. the features that men have in common
4._____ is not a Romantic poet.
A. William Blake B. Sir Scott C. P. B. Shelley D. Lord Byron
5. _____ is a Romantic novelist but is impressed with neo-classic strains.
A. Walter Scott B. Mary Shelley
C. Jane Austen D. Ann Radcliff
6. _____ is not characteristic of William
Blake’s
writing.
A. plain and direct language B. compression of meaning
C. supernatural quality D. symbolism
7. Wordsworth published Lyrical Ballads in 1789 with _____.
A. Byron B. Coleridge C. Shelley D. Keats
8. Wordsworth thinks that _____ is the only subject of literary interest.
A. the life of rising bourgeoisie
B. aristocratic life
C. the life of the royal family
D. common life
9. Don Juan is the masterpiece of_____.
A. Lord
Byron’s
B. P. B.
Shelley’s

C. John
Keats’s
D. Samuel
Coleridge’s

10. _____ is not a novel written by Jane Austen.
A. Jane Eyre B. Sense and Sensibility
C. Pride and Prejudice D. Emma
II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according t
o the textbook.
1. In essence, Romanticism designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to
see the_____as the very center of all life and all experience.
2. For the Romantics, _____ is not only the major source of poetic imagery, but also pro
vides the dominant subject matter.
3. Wordsworth is regarded as a
“worshipper
of
_____.”

4. According to the subjects,
Wordsworth’s
short poems can be classified into two groups
: poems about nature and poems about _____.
5.
Coleridge’s
achievement as poet can be divided into two remarkably diverse groups: _
____ and the conversational.
6. As a leading Romanticist,
Byron’s
chief contribution is his creation of the
“_____.”

7.
“_____”
is
Shelley’s
representative work.
8. _____ are generally regarded as
Keats’s
most important and mature work.
9.
“Beauty
is truth, truth
beauty”
is a famous line in Keat
s’s

“_____.”

10. _____is the most delightful of Jane
Austen’s
work.
III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in
the brackets.
( )1. The Romantic period is also a great age of prose.
( )2. Romantics also tend to be nationalistic, defending their own literary heritage agains
t the advocates of classical rules.
( )3. Coleridge has been rewarded as Poet Laureate.
( )4. Keats is one of the
“Lake

Poets.”

( )5. Jane Austen is a typical Romantic writer.
IV. Name the author of each of the following literary work.
1.
“The
Rime of the Ancient
Mariner”

2. Songs of Innocence
3.
“Ode
to a
Nightingale”

4.
“A
Song: Men of
England”

5. The Prelude
V. Define the literary terms listed below
1. Romanticism
2. Ode
VI. For each of the quotations listed below please give the name of the author and the tit
le of the literary work from which it is taken and then briefly interpret it.
1….Be
through my lips to unawakened Earth.
The trumpet of a prophecy! O, Wind,
If winter comes, can Spring be far behind?
2. For oft, when on my couch I lie
In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.
Keys:
I. 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.A
dual 2. human life life
demonic c hero 7. Ode to the West Wind
8. The odes 9. Ode on a Grecian Urn 10. Pride and Prejudice
III. 1.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F
IV. dge 2. Blake 3. Keats 4. Shelley 5. Wordsworth
V. 1. Romanticism is a movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art i
n western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against cl
assicism. There have been many varieties of Romanticism in many different times and pl
aces. The leading features of Romantic movements are Wordsworth, Shelley, etc.
2. Ode is a complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on s
ome lofty or serious subject. Odes are often written for a special occasion, to honour a p
erson or a season or to commemorate an event.
VI. 1. It is taken from
Shelley’s
Ode to the West Wind. In this poem, Shelley eulogizes th
e powerful west wind and expresses his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from
the reality. In these last lines, the poet shows his optimistic spirit for the future.
2. It is taken from
Wordsworth’s

“I
Wandered Lonely as a
Cloud.”
The poet thinks that it
is a bliss to recollect the beauty of nature in his mind while he is in solitude. He expresse
s his strong affecting for nature in the poem.
II.
维多利亚时期

I. Each of the statement below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one t
hat would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets
1. The Victorian period roughly began at the enthronement of Queen Victoria in_____.
A. 1835 B. 1836 C. 1837 D. 1838
2. The critical realists like Charles Dickens in the Victorian period wrote novels_____.
A. representing the 18th century realist novel
B. criticizing the society
C. defending the mass
E. all the above
3. _____is not a Victoria novelist.
A. Charles Dickens
B. George Eliot
C. William Makepeace Thackeray
D. D. H. Lawrence
4. _____ is not a work by Charles Dickens.
A. Oliver Twist B. David Copperfield
C. Middlemarch D. A Tale of Two Cities
5. Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece written by_____.
A. Charlotte Bronte B. Emily Bronte
C. Anne Bronte D. Branwell Bronte
6. _____ is not Thomas
Hardy’s
work.
A. The Mill on the Floss
B. Tess of the
D’Urbervilles

C. Jude the Obscure
D. The Mayor of Casterbridge
7.
“My
Last
Duchess”
is _____.
A. a dramatic monologue B. a short lyric
C. a novel D. an essay
8. Tennyso
n’s

“Ulysses”
gets its inspiration from the following works or writers except___
__.
A.
Homer’s
Odessey B.
Joyce’s
Ulysses
C. Dante D. Greek Mythology
9. In the 19th century English literature, a new literary trend _____ appeared. And it flou
rished in the 1840s and in the early 1950s.
A. romanticism B. naturalism
C. realism D. critical realism
10. The title of the novel Vanity Fair was taken from_____.
A. The
Pilgrim’s
Progress
B. Childe
Harold’s
Pilgrimage
C.
Gulliver’s
Travels
D. The Canterbury Tales
II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according t
o the textbook
1. The aestheticists such as Oscar Wilde in the Victorian period advocated the theory of
“
_____.”

2. In the Victorian period, _____became the most widely read and the most vital and cha
llenging expression of progressive thought.
3. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest _____ writers of the Victorian Age.
4.
Tennyson’s
poem
“_____”
is in memory of his bosom friend Arthur Hallam.
5. Robert Browning is famous for his _____.
6. George
Eliot’s
_____ is one of the most mature works in English literature.
7.
Tennyson’s
famous dramatic monologue based on the story in Greek Mythology is
“__
___.”

8. _____ is
Dickens’
first child hero.
9. Jane Eyre represents those_____-class working women who are struggling for recogni
tion of their basic rights and equality as a human being.
10. The most important poet of the Victorian Age was_____. Next to him were Robert Br
owning and his wife.
III. Decide whether the following statements are true of false and write your answers in t
he brackets.
( )1. The Victorian period has been generally regarded as one of the most glorious in the
English history.
( )2. Tennyson is famous for his aesthetic viewpoint of
“art
for
art’s

sake.”

( )3. Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of Charlotte
Bronte’s.

( ) 4.
Browning’s

“Meeting
at
Night”
and
“Parting
at
Morning”
were originally one poem i
n dramatic monologue.
( )5. Naturalism has played an important part in Thomas
Hardy’s
work.
IV. Name the author of each of the following literary works.
1. The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club