在线字典50篇经典英语文章

2021年1月24日发(作者：基本国策)
50
篇经典英语文章

01 The Language of Music
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and
everyone can see it.
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02 Schooling and Education

Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than
schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place
anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a
kitchen or on a tractor. People are engaged in education
from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive
term.
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There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized
process of schooling.
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03 The Definition of “Price”

Prices determine how resources are to be used.
This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes.
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04 Electricity
The modern age is an age of electricity.
Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for
million of years.
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All living cell send out tiny pulses of electricity.
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The
electric
eel
is
an
amazing
storage
battery. (
An
electric
house current is only one hundred twenty volts.) .
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05 The Beginning of Drama
There
are
many
theories
about
the
beginning
of
drama
in
ancient
1 / 19
Greece. The argument for this view goes as follows.
Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the
mysteries of the rites.
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06 Television


Television
is
more
than
just
an
electronic
system,
however.
It
is
a
means
of
expression,
as
well
as
a
vehicle
for
communication,
and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human
beings.
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First,
there
is
broadcast
television,
which
reaches
the
masses
through
broad-based
airwave
transmission
of
television
signals.
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Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses.
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07 Andrew Carnegie



Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's
generosity.
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08 American Revolution
Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not
breathtaking. What happened was accelerated evolution rather
than outright revolution. During the conflict itself people
went on working and praying, marrying and playing.
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America's War of Independence heralded the birth of three
modern nations. The third newcomer-the United States-based
2 / 19
itself squarely on republican principles.
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09 Suburbanization
In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed
most
of
Philadelphia
County.
Similar municipal
maneuvers
took
place in Chicago and in New York.
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This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was
reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle
Class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far
from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of
single- family housing tracts.
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10 Types of Speech
As such, these words and expressions are well defined and
listed
in
standard
dictionaries. Colloquial
expressions
and
even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be
so
identified.
Both
colloquial
usage
and
slang
are
more
common
in speech than in writing.
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11 Archaeology
.
Not all human behavior fossilizes. What is perhaps worse,
most organic materials are perishable.
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12 Museums






13 Skyscrapers and Environment
3 / 19

Skyscrapers
are
also
lavish
consumers,
and
wasters,
of
electric
power.
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Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful.
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Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city's sanitation
facilities, too.
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14 A Rare Fossil Record
The
preservation
of
embryos
and
juveniles
is
a
rate
occurrence
in the fossil record. Given these factors, some areas have
become a treasury of well- preserved ichthyosaur fossils.
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The
deposits
at
Holzmaden,
Germany,
present
an
interesting
case
for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black,
bituminous
marine
shales
deposited
about
190
million
years
ago.
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The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry
operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness
of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account
for the interesting question of how there came to be such a
concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place
very close to their time of giving birth.
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15 The Nobel Academy
For the last 82years, Sweden's Nobel Academy has decided who
will
receive
the
Nobel
Prize
in
Literature,
thereby
determining
who will be elevated from the great and the near great to the
immortal.
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16 the war between Britain and France
The
French
knew
that,
short
of
defeating
the
British
navy,
4 / 19
their
only
hope
of
victory
was
to
close
all
the
ports
of
Europe
to British ships.
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French strategists calculated that a navy of 150 ships would
provide the force necessary to defeat the British navy. Such
a
force
would
give
France
a
three-to-two
advantage
over
Britain.
This advantage was deemed necessary because of Britain’s
superior sea skills and
technology because of Britain’s
superior sea skills and technology, and also because Britain
would
be
fighting
a
defensive
war,
allowing
it
to
win
with
fewer
forces. Napoleon never lost substantial impediment to his
control
of
Europe.
As
his
force
neared
that
goal,
Napoleon
grew
increasingly
impatient
and
began
planning
an
immediate
attack.
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17 Evolution of sleep
Sleep is very ancient.
But why should
they
sleep deeply
at
all? Why
should a
state
of such deep immobilization ever have evolved?
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Perhaps one useful hint about the original function of sleep
is
to
be
found
in
the
fact
that
dolphins
and
whales
and
aquatic
mammals in genera seem to sleep very little. There is, by and
large, no place to hide in the ocean. The point seems
particularly
clear
for
the
young
of
predatory
animals.
This
is
an interesting notion and probably at least partly true.
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18 Modern American Universities

In
German
university
was
concerned
primarily
with
creating
and
spreading
knowledge,
not
morals. Some
of
them
return
to
become
presidents of venerable colleges-----Harvard, Yale,
Columbia---and transform them into modern universities.
5 / 19
With
the
establishment
of
the
seminar
system,
graduate
student
learned to question, analyze, and conduct their own research.
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At the same time, the new university greatly expanded in size
and course offerings, breaking completely out of the old,
constricted
curriculum
of
mathematics,
classics,
rhetoric,
and
music. Students
were
also
trained
as
economists,
architects,
agriculturalists, social welfare workers, and teachers.
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19 Children’s numerical skills

People appear to born to compute. Having thus mastered
addition, they move on to subtraction.
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Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work
of
cognitive
psychologists
has
illuminated
the
subtle
forms
of
daily learning on which intellectual progress depends.
Children were observed as they slowly grasped-----or, as the
case might be, bumped into-----concepts that adults take for
quantity is unchanged as water pours from a short glass into
a tall thin one. Such studies have suggested that the
rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with
effort. ,
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20 The Historical Significance of American Revolution
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21 The Origin of Sports
Dogs and cats wrestle and play ball games. Fishes and birds
dance. The
apes
have
simple,
pleasurable
games. Their
play,
and ours, appears to serve no other purpose than to give
pleasure to the players, and apparently, to remove us
temporarily from the anguish of life in earnest.
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6 / 19
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Play
is
release
from
the
tedious
battles
against
scarcity
and
decline which are the incessant, and inevitable, tragedies of
life.
This
is
a
grand
conception
that
excites
and
provokes.
The
holders of this view claim that the origins of our highest
accomplishments ---- liturgy, literature, and law ---- can be
traced to a play impulse which, paradoxically, we see most
purely enjoyed by young beasts and children.
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22 Collectibles

Especially during cycles of high inflation, investors try to
purchase tangibles that will at least retain their current
market
values. Once
a
collectible
has
had
its
initial
play,
it appreciates at a fairly steady rate, supported by an
increasing
number
of
enthusiastic
collectors
competing
for
the
limited supply of collectibles that become increasingly more
difficult to locate.
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23 Ford
In order to accommodate the shorter work day, the entire
factory was converted from two to three shifts.
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Some efforts were even made to hire the handicapped and
provide jobs for former convicts.
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Ford
explained
the
new
wage
policy
in
terms
of
efficiency
and
profit sharing.
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24 Piano
The ancestry of the piano can be traced to the early keyboard
instruments of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries --- the
spinet, the dulcimer, and the virginal.
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The piano was perfected in the early eighteenth century by a
7 / 19
harpsichord maker in Italy (though musicologists point out
several previous instances ofthe instrument).
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NOTE:
Musical Instruments
strings (
弦乐
)
1) plectrum: harp, lute, guitar, mandolin;
2) keyboard: clavichord, harpsichord, piano;
3) bow: violin, viola, cello, double bass.
2. The Wood
（木管）—
winds : piccolo, flute, oboe, clarinet,
bassoon, English horn;
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3.
the
brass
（铜管）
: French
horn,
trumpet,
trombone,
cornet,
tuba,bugle, saxophone;
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percussion
（打击组）
:
kettle
drum,
bass
drum,
snare
drum,
castanet, xylophone, celesta, cymbal, tambourine.
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25 Movie Music
Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before
1927
as “silent”,
the
film has never
been,
in
the
full
sen
se
of
the
word,
silent. At
first,
the
music
played
bore
no
special
relationship to the films; an accompaniment of any kind was
sufficient.
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As movie theaters grew in number and importance, a violinist,
and
perhaps
a
cellist,
would
be
added
to
the
pianist
in
certain
cases, and in the larger movie theaters small orchestras were
formed. S
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In 1909, for example, the Edison Company began issuing with
their
films
such
indications
of
mood
as
“
pleasant”,
“sad”,
“lively”.
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Certain films had music especially composed for them.
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8 / 19
Note:
美国通俗音乐分类：

1
．
Jazz;
1) traditional jazz---- a) blues,
代表人物：
Billy Holiday
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b)ragtime(
切分乐曲
):
代表人物：
Scott Joplin
c)New Orleans jazz (= Dixieland jazz)eg: Louis Armstron
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d)swingeg: Glenn Miller, Duke Ellington,etc.
e)bop (=bebop, rebop)eg: Lester Young, Charlie Parker etc.
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2)modern jazz ------a) cool jazz(=progressive jazz)
高雅爵士
乐。
Eg: Kenny G.
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b)third-stream : Charles Mingus, John Lewis.
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c) main stream jazz.
d)avant-garde jazz.
e) soul jazz. Eg: Sarah Vaughn, Ella Fitzgerald
f) Latin jazz.
music
福音音乐，主要源于
Nero spirituals. Eg. Dolly
Parker, Mahalia Jackson
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y and Western music. Eg. John Denver, Tammy Wynette,
Kenny Rogers, etc.
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4.
Rock
music-----------a)
rock
and
rolleg:
Elvis
Prestley(US)
,
the Beatles(UK.)
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b)folk rock
c)punk rock
d)acid rock
e)rock jazz eg: M.J. McLaughlin
f) Jurassic rock
for easy listening (i.e. light music )
9 / 19