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直接引语变间接引语的几点变化
一、时态的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时,
若主句为过去时态,
变为间接引语的
宾语从句通常 要将时态往后推一个,即一般现在时变为一般过去时,
一般将来时变为过去将来时,
现在进行时 变为过去进行时,
现在完成
时变为过去完成时,一般过去时也变为过去完成时,等等
(
若直接引
语为过去完成时,变为间接引语可以不变
)
。另外,若直接引语中有
情态动词
can,
may
等,
也应变成过去式
could,
might
等< br>(
情态动词
mu
st
可以变为
had
to
,也可不变,
should,
ought
to,
had
better
等可以
不变
)
。如:
“I
like
to
watch
TV,”
she
said.
她说:
“
我喜欢看电视。
”
→She
said
that
she
liked
to
watch
TV.
她说她喜欢看电视。
He
said,
“I’m
waiting
for
her.”
他说:
“
我在等她。
”
→He
said
that
he
was
waiting
for
her.
他说他在等她。
“It
will
rain
soon,”
he
said.
他说:
“
很快就会下雨。
”
→He
said
that
it
would
rain
soon.
他说很快就会下雨。
“She
can
swim,”
he
said.
他说:
“
她会游泳。
”
→He
said
that
she
could
swim.
他说她会游泳。
注意:
(1)
若直接引语为客观真理,
则变为间接引语时时态不变:
The
teacher
said,
“The
earth
turns
around
the
sun.”
老师说:
“
地球绕着太阳转。
”
→The
teacher
said
that
the
earth
turns
around
the
sun.
老师说
地球绕着太阳转。
(2)
有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语,变为间接引语时
时态也可不变:
He
said,
“
was
born
in
1954.”
他说:
“
我是
1954
年生的。
”
→He
said
that
he
was
born
in
1954.
他说他是
1954
年生的。
二、时间状语的变化
直接引语变间接引语时,有些时间状语根据情况也要相应的改< br>动:如将
now
改为
then
,将
today
改为
that
day
,将
tonight
改为
tha
t
night
,将
yesterday
改为
the
day
before
,将
this
month
改为
that
m
onth
,将
last
week
改为
the
week
before
,将
three
years
ago
改为
thr
ee
years
before
,将
tomorrow
改为
the
next
day
,将
next
year
改为
t
he
next
year
,等等。如:
He
said,
“I’m
very
busy
now.”
他说:
“
我现在很忙。
”
→He
said
that
he
was
very
busy
then.
他说他当时很忙。
He
said,
“I
want
to
leave
today.”
他说:
“
他想今天离开。
”
→He
said
that
he
wanted
to
leave
that
day.
他说他想那天就
离开。
He
said,
“She
left
yesterday.”
他说:
“
她昨天离开了。
”
→He
said
that
she
had
left
the
day
before.
他说她前一天就离
开了。
She
said,
“I’ll
tell
you
tomorrow.”
她说:
“
我明天告诉你。
”
→She
said
that
she
would
tell
me
the
next
day.
她说她第二天
告诉我。
以上变化有时应视情况而定,若在当时转述,
now
不必改为
the
n
;若在当天转述,
today,
yesterday,
tomorrow
等不必改为
that
day,
the
day
before,
the
next
day
等;若在当周转述,
this
week,
last
we
ek
不必改为
that
week,
the
last
week
;若在当年转述,
this
year,
las
t
year
不必改为
that
year,
the
last
year
等
三、代词的变化
在直接引语变为间接引语时,
有些代词也要作相应的变化,
如指
示代词
this
和
these
通常变为
tha t
和
those
。
同时人称代词、
物主代词、
反身代词等也 要根据具体情况作出合理的调整。如:
He
said,
“
I
think
this
is
the
best.”
他说:
“
我认为这是最好的。
”
→He
said
that
he
thought
that
was
the
best.
他说他认为那是
最好的。
“I’ll
send
you
a
card,
Sue,”
Ann
said.
“
休,我将给你寄一张明
信片,
”
安说。
→Ann
told
Sue
she’d
send
her
a
card.
安告诉休她将给她寄一
张明信片。
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本文更新与2021-01-24 16:54,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/561459.html
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