誊小学英语现在完成时的基本用法和练习

2021年1月24日发(作者：promoted)
现在完成时的基本用法

一、基本结构


①肯定句：主语
+have/has+
过去分词
+
其他



②否定句：主语
+have/has+not+
过去分词
+
其他


③一般疑问句：
have/has+
主语+
过去分词
+
其他


④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+
一般疑问句（
have/has+
主语
+
过去分词
+
其他）

二、用法



1
）

现在完成时的

完成用法

现在完成时表示
,
动作或状 态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在
.


He has turned off the light.
他已把灯关了。
(
动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的 情况
--
灯现在不亮了。
)

I have spent all of my money.(
含义是
:
现在我没有钱花了
.)Jane has laid the table.(
含义是
:
现在桌子已经摆好了
.)
2
）

现在完成时的

未完成用法

指的是动 作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。

三
.
代表词：
,
如
already
（肯定）
, yet
（否定，疑问）
, just, before, recently
，
ever, never, twice ,so far
等
:


for +
一段时间




since
+




过去的时间点（
1999
，
last year......
）






























一段时间

+ ago

( two days ago

)




























从句（一般过去时）

注意
:

.
现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，
(
如表示过去的时间状语）



如
yesterday(morning
、
afte rnoon),last(morning
、
afternoon)
等

四
.


have been to , have gone to , have been in
的区别

have been to
强调
“
去过
”
，现已不在那里或从来没有去过

have gone to
主要强调的是
“
去了
”
，现在人 不在说话的现场，还没有回来

--where's your mother? --
你妈妈在哪？



--she has gone to the hospital. --
她去医院了。

has been in
一直在某地一段时间




I have been in Beijing for ten years.
1. -have you ever______

Beijing to visit the Great Wall?

-yes, i have


a. went to
b. gone to
c. been in
d. been to
2. my parents ______ shangdong for ten years.

a. have been in
b. have been to c. have gone to
d. have been
五、现在完成时考点例析

1. kate's never seen chinese films
，
____ ?
a. hasn't she b. has she c. isn't she d. is she
2. his uncle has already posted the photos to him. (
改为否定句
)



his uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______.
3. -ann has gone to shanghai. -so ______her parents.
a. has b. had c. did d. have
4. -mum, may i go out and play basketball?

-______you______ your homework yet?
a. do; finish
b. are; finishing
c. did; finish
d. have; finished
5. -______ you ______anywhere before? -yes, but i can't remember where i______
a. did; surf; surfed
b. have; surfed; surfed

c. did; surf; have surfed
d. have; surfed; have surfed 注意：当句中有

段时间

或

点时间

等时 ，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非
延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的 词
(
短语
)
。如：

1. his brother has been to stone forest twice______he came to yunnan.

a. after
b. before
c. since
d. for
2. tom______the cd player for two weeks.

a. has lent
b. has borrowed
c. has bought
d. has had
3. i______a letter from him since he left.


a. didn't receive
b. haven't got
c. didn't have
d. haven't he
四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如：

1. sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(
改成正确的句子
)
析：非延续性动词与

段时间

连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外 ，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助
句型

段时间
+since+
从句

进行句子转换。故答案为：
sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /sun's aunt went
there ten years ago. /it's ten years since sun's aunt went there.