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一般疑问句
在英语的学习中,
一般疑问句的转换及回答是经常碰到的问题,
现在我们就来探讨一下有关
一般疑问句的问题。
一、什么是一般疑问句
用
Yes
或
No
作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。
一般疑问句还有下列特点:
1
、
以
be
动词、
助动词或情态动词开头;例:
Is your father a teacher? Does Catherine like animals?
Can Jenny speak French?2
、往往读升调;
3
、译成汉语,都可以带 上“吗”,例如上面三
句可分别译为:你父亲是老师吗?凯瑟琳喜欢动物吗?詹妮会说法语吗?
二、如何将陈述句变成一般疑问句?
要将陈述句变成一般疑问句,可以遵循下列步骤:
1.
看句中 有没有
be
动词(
am
、
is
、
are
、
was
、
were
)
、助动词(
do
、
does
、
did
、
have
、
had
)或情态动词(
can
、
mu st
、
will
、
may
等)
,如果有,将其提到句首,句 末打上
问号即可。
例:
It was rainy yesterday.
→Was it rainy yesterday?
Tom's father can play the piano.
→Can Tom's father play the piano?
I have finished my homework.
→Have you finished your homework?
2.
如果句中没有
be
动词、 助动词或情态动词,则根据谓语动词的形式借助
do
的相
应形式放在句首。具体方法是 :如果谓语动词是原形,则借
do
;如果谓语动词是一般现在
时第三人称单数形式,则 借
does
;如果谓语动词是过去式,则借
did.
需要注意的是,借does
或
did
后,原句的谓语动词要变回原形。
例:
They go to school by bike.
→Do they go to school by bike?
Bill gets up at 6:30 every day.
→Does bill gets up at 6:30 every day?
The students saw a film yesterday.
→
Did the students see a film yesterday?
三
.
陈述句变一般疑问句应注意的事项
陈述句变成一般疑问句除了遵循上述规则以外,还应注意下列几点:
1.
如果陈述句中有第一人称,则变问句时最好要变为第二人称。
例:
I usually have lunch at school.
→Do you usually have lunch at school?
My father is playing soccer.
→Is your father playing soccer?
2.
如果陈述句中有
some,
则变问句时往往要变成
any
。
例:
There is some water on the playground.
→Is there any water on the playground?
3.
复合句变一般疑问句通常只变主句,从句不变。
例:
I know he comes from Canada.
→Do you
know he comes from Canada?
4
.
如果句中含有实义动词
have
且表示“有”时
,
除借
do
外,
也可将其直接提到句首。
例:
I have some friends in America.
→Have you any friends in America?/Do you have any friends in America?
四
.
一般疑问句的回答
一般疑问句往往采用 简短回答,共由三部分(三个单词)组成,对这三部分(三个单
词)的确定可以概括例下:
1.
第一个词:不是
Yes
就是
No
。
(有时根据语气的不同,
Yes
可由
Sure,
Certainly,
Of course
等代替
.NO
可由
sorry
代替
.
)
2.
第二个词:
问谁答谁 。
即答语中的主语须与问句的主语一致
(但必须用主格代词)
。
例:
Does she clean her room every day? Yes, she does.
Is Anna′s father a doctor? No,he isn′t.
如果主语是
this that,
回答时用
it
代替,如果问句中主语
these, those,
回答时
用
they′ 代替。
3.
第三个词:用什么问,用什么答。即沿用问句中的引导词。
Can Jim play soccer? Yes, he can./Does Mr Bean speak English? Yes, he does.
需要注意问题:
(
1
)
.
用
may
引导的问句,
肯定回答用
may
,
否定回答用
can′t 或
mustn′t,
用
must
引导的问句,肯定回答用
must
,否定回答用
ne
edn′t.
例:May I go to the park now? Yes, you may. /No, you mustn′t.
Must I wash my clothes now? Yes, you must. /No, you needn′t.
4
.用
No
开头作否定回答时
,
结尾要加上
not
。因为回答必须是三部分,所以否定回
答必须缩写,而肯定回答不能缩写。
例
:Did Thomas come here yesterday? Yes, he did./ No ,he di
dn′t.
Is Lin Lin in Class 3? Yes, she is. / No, she isn′t.或(No, she′s not)
.
特殊疑问句
以疑问词开头,
对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:
what
who
whose
which when where how why
等。
特殊疑问句有两种语序:
< br>1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:
疑问词 (+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如:
who is singing in the room
﹖
whose bike is broken
﹖
< br>2.
如疑问词作其他成分,
即对其他成分提问,
其语序是:
疑问词+一 般疑问句语序?
如:
what class are you in
﹖
What does she look like
﹖
Where are you from
﹖
What time does he get up every morning
﹖
How do you know
﹖
特殊疑问词
+
助动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他?
eg:Where do you do study English?
特殊疑问词
+be
动词
+
主语
+
其他?
eg:Why is your Mum so angry?
特殊疑问词
+
情态动词
+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他?
eg:What can I do for you?
注意:
1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用
yes
/
no
,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:
Who is from Canada
﹖
Helen (is)
.
Where's the restaurant
﹖
Near the station
.
Why do you like koalas
﹖
Because they are cute
.
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