2021年1月23日发(作者：penang)
(
八
)





Why
do
so
many
Americans
distrust
what
they
read
in
their
newspapers?
The
American
Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep
into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project
。






Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors
and
spelling
and
grammar
mistakes,
combined
with
lots
of
head-scratching
puzzlement
about
what in the world those readers really want
。






But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a
set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day's events. In other words, there
is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made
narrative structure for otherwise confusing news
。






There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which
helps explain why the
recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country,
plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random
and asked the same questions
。






Replies
show
that
compared
with
other
Americans,
journalists
are
more
likely
to
live
in
upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they're less likely to
go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community
。






Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends
to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn't
rooted
in
inaccuracy
or
poor
reportorial
skills
but
in
the
daily
clash
of
world
views
between
reporters and their readers
。






This
is
an
explosive
situation
for
any
industry,
particularly
a
declining
one.
Here
is
a
troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then
it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers
are
annoyed
and
fleeing
in
large
numbers.
But
it
never
seems
to
get
around
to
noticing
the
cultural
and
class
biases
that
so
many
former
buyers are
complaining
about.
If
it
did,
it would
open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters
who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class
。

29. What is the passage mainly about?
[A]Needs of the readers all over the world
[B]Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers
[C]Origins of the declining newspaper industry
[D]Aims of a journalism credibility project
30. The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be
。

[A]quite trustworthy
[B]somewhat contradictory
[C]very illuminating
[D]rather superficial
31. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their _________
。

[A]working attitude
[B]conventional lifestyle
[C]world outlook
[D]educational background
32. Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to
its_________
。

[A]failure to realize its real problem
[B]tendency to hire annoying reporters
[C]likeliness to do inaccurate reporting
[D]prejudice in matters of race and gender
名师解析

29. What is the passage mainly about?
本文主要讲的是什么
?
[A]Needs of the readers all over the world.
全世界读者的需要。

[B]Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.
造成公众对报纸失望的原因。

[C]Origins of the declining newspaper industry.
新闻业衰败的根源。

[D]Aims of a journalism credibility project.
新闻可信度项目的目标。

【答案】
B
【考点】文章主旨题。

【分析】
文章的第一句就提出了本文旨在说明的问题
“为什么那么多的美国人不相信自己在
报纸上读到的内容呢
?
”从第二段、第 三段的内容来看，作者都在试图寻找造成公众对报纸
失望的一个真正的根本性的原因。因此可以判断[B]
为正确答案。
[A]
不正确，是因为它仅仅
是新闻界的调查项目得 到的一个结果而已。
[C]
和
[A]
相比较，还是
[A]
来 得比较确切。
[C]
已经
从文章主旨引申到别的项目上去了。
[D]
仅仅是为了查明原因而进行的一个调查项目而已。

30. The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be
。

新闻可信度项目的结果是。

[A]quite trustworthy
相当可信

[B]somewhat contradictory
有点矛盾

[C]very illuminating
非常有启发性

[D]rather superficial
相当肤浅

【答案】
D
【考点】事实细节题。

【分析】
根据本题题干可以定位到第二段，
文中指出
“该项目最终所发现的原因大都是新闻
报道中的事实错误，
拼写或语法错误，
以及许多关于读者到底想读些什么令人挠头的困惑”
，
在作者看来，这些发现大都是“ 低级的”
(low-level)
，而真正的原因没有这么表面“
goway
deeper
”
(
第三段首句中
)
。因此可以判定是答案是
[D]
选项。

31. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer lies in their _____
。

作者描述的新闻记者的基本问题存在于他们的
_____
。

27
[A]working attitude
工作态度

[B]conventional lifestyle
传统的生活方式

[C]world outlook
世界观

[D]educational background
教育背景

【答案】
C
【考点】事实细节题。

【分析】
文章的解题 点在文章的倒数第二段中
“对新闻媒体的这种令人震惊的不信任的根源
不在于报道失实或低下的 报道技巧，
而在于记者与读者的世界观每天都发生着碰撞”
这句话。
也就是说，作者的 基本问题是“世界观”的问题。另外三个选项都不是最基本的问题。