2021年1月23日发(作者：walk什么意思)
初中英语语法归纳：连词

初中英语学习最难的是语法，因为英语的语法跟汉语的语法 有很大的不同。初中英语连词
有很多种。下面为大家讲解一下初中英语连词的用法。



连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与
句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。



第一类表示并列关系的连词



并列连词：并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。



1)

and
和



判断改错：



(
错
) They sat down and talk about something.


(
错
) They started to dance and sang.


(
错
) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.


(
对
) They sat down and talked about something.


(
对
) They started to dance and sing.


(
对
)I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.


解析：



第一句：

and
连接两个并列的谓语，所以

talk
应改为

talked
。



第二句：
and
连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略
to
，因此
sang
应
改为

sing
。



第三句：
and
连接感观动词
saw
后面的用作的宾补的两个并 列分词结构，因此
whisper
应改为
whispering
。



注意：
1. and
还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。
(or
也有此用法
)


Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.


= If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.


One more effort, and you'll succeed.


= If you make one more effort, you'll succeed


2, A and B
当表示整体或者指同一人时谓语动词用单数
,
当< br>and
连接的单数名词前分
别有
each
，
every
，
many
等词修饰时，谓语也用单数。



bread and butter a knife and fork


The mother and teacher is very strict with her son.


No teacher and no student is allowed to smoke in class.


3. and
连接的是两个相同意思的词，表示
“
渐渐
”
，或加强语气



Read it again and again


2)

both …and

两者都



She plays (both) the piano and the guitar.


3) neither…nor
意思为

既不
……
也不
……
谓语动词采用就近原则，
与
nor
后的词保< br>持一致。



Neither you nor he is to blame.


4)

not only…but (also )
不但
·
·
·
·
·
·
而且
··
·
·
·
·



She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.


注意：

not only… but also
关联两个分句时，
一个分句因有否定词
not
而必须倒装。



Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.


5) as well as
以及，也，与
·
·
·
同样



The teacher, as well as the students, is interested in the activity.


比较
and
和
or


1)
并列结构中，
or
通常用于否定句，
and
用于肯定句。



2)
但有时
and
也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：



There is no air or water in the moon.


There is no air and no water on the moon.


在否定中并列结构用
or
连接，
但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定 结构，
因此
要用
and
。

第二类表示选择关系的连词



1) or

意思为

或则

。



Which do you prefer, tea, coffee, or juice ?


2) either…or

意思为

或者
……
或者

……
。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。



Either you or I am right.


3) or else/ otherwise
否则



Be silent, or else you will be kicked out.


I am tired, otherwise, I would play.


第三类表示转折或对比关系的连词



1) but
但是

He is rich but unhappy.


while
然而，表示对比意味

Some people love cats, while others hate them.


yet
然而

She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time.


however
然而，可是，不过

She does not like him, however, I like him.


2) not…but…
意思为

不是

……
而是
……



not
和
but
后面的用词要遵循一致原则。



They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.


第四类表因果关系的连词



1) for
因为，做并列连词使用时，是在对先行的句子补述原因或者理由，只可以连接
句子与句子，通常不置于句 首。



He is absent today, for he is ill.


2) so, therefore
因此



He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game.


I think, therefore I am


3)then
那么，因而



Hide behind the wall, then they won’t see you.