高考英语阅读理解分类汇编—新闻报道类

2021年1月22日发(作者：万古蟾)
2011
高考英语阅读理解分类汇编——新闻报道类


1
．
（
2011
·山东卷）
D

Since
the
1970s,
scientists
have
been
searching
for
ways
to
link
the
brain
with
computers
．
Brain-computer interface
（
BCI
）

technology could help people with disabilities send
commands to machines
．


Recently,
two
researchers,
Jose
Milan
and
Michele
Tavella
from
the
Federal
Polytechnic
school in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated
（展示）
a small robotic wheelchair directed by a
person’s thoughts
．


In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or
right band
．
He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts
．
“our
brain has billions of nerve ceils
．
These send signals through the spinal cord
（脊髓）
to the muscles
to give us the ability to move
．
But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak
electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” Tavella says
．

“Our system allows disabled people
to communicate with external world and also to control devices
．
”
（


The researchers designed a special cap for the user
．
This head cover picks up the signals from
the
scalp
（头皮）

and
sends
them
to
a
computer
．
The
computer
interprets
the
signals
and
commands the motorized wheelchair
．
The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in
its path
．
They help the computer react to commands from the brain
．


Prof
．
Milan,
the
team
leader,
says
scientists
keep
improving
the
computer
software
that
interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands
．
“The practical possibilities that BCI
technology
offers
to
disabled
people
can
be
grouped
in
two
categories:
communication,
and
controlling devices
．
One example is this wheelchair
．
”


He says his team has set two goals
．
One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is
a technology they can benefit from
．
And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology
over long periods of time
．


A
．
help to update computer systems






B
．
link the human brain with computers

C
．
help the disabled to recover











D
．
control a person's thoughts
72
．
How

A
．
By controlling his muscles
．




B
．
By talking to the machine
．


C
．
By moving his hand
．












D
．
By using his mind
．

73
．
Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?

A
．
scalp→computer→cap→wheelchair


B
．
computer→cap→scalp→wheelchair


C
．
scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair


D
．
cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair

74
．
The team will test with real patients to

A
．
make profits from them















B
．
prove the technology useful to them

C
．
make them live longer















D
．
learn about their physical condition
75
．
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A
．
Switzerland, the BCI Research Center

B
．
New Findings About How the Human Brain Works

C
．
BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the Disabled

D
．
Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries
【解析】
：
71-75:BDCBC
【语篇解读】本文是一则新闻报道，介绍了
Brain-computer interfac e
（
BCI
）技术的发明，原
理和对残疾人带来的益处。

71
．
B
。细节理解题。从第一段第一句话可知。

72
．
D
．细节理解题。见第二段“
Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving
his left or right band
．
”
。

73
．
C
．细节理解题。见第五段描述。

74
．
B
．细节推断题。见最后一段“
to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from
．
”
，
证明他们可以从中获得的好处。

75．
C
．主旨大意题。本文是新闻文体，因此要关注首段的中心，由首段的第二句话
“
Brain-computer
interface
（
BCI
）

technology
could
help
people
with
disabilities
send
commands to machines
．
”推断选
C
。

2
．
（
2011
·湖北卷）
C

In
today
’
s
throw
away
society,
dealing
with
the
city
’
s
growing
mountain
of
waste
is
an
inereasing challenge for the city countil
（市议会）
。


Recently
．
Edinburgh is faced with the problem of dssposing of
（处理）
about250,000

Million tons of waster a year
．
Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green
manner---largely
through
encouraging
tecycling---its
aging
facilities
such
as
the
Powderhall
landfill do not have the ability to deal with it
．


The
European
Union
（
EU
）

has
issued
a
new
policy,
regulating
how
such
mountains
of
waster
are
to
hr
disposed
of
．
The
five
councils
（
Edinburgh
．
East
Lothian
．
West
Lothian
．
Midlethian and Borders
）

face fine around $$18million a year from 2013 it they don
’
t
inerease recycling levels and rely less on landfill
．
With this in mind, the coumlls got together with
the idea of building a lage incinerator plant
（垃圾焚烧厂）
to burn half of the waste produced in
their districts
．
But the plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government
waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the city
’
s waste should be disposed of in
this way by 2025
．


After the plan was abandoned, a private company which already transported millions of tons
of
the
city
’
s
wast
by
train
to
a
landfill
site
near
Dunbar,
offered
an
alternative
soution
when
it
suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello
．


Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015, it seemed necessary for the members of the
Edinburgh
Council
to
accept
the
suggestion
．
But
soon
they
turned
it
down
—
after
700
local
objections
reached
them
—
because
it
would
have
meant
hundreds
of
lorries
a
day
making
loud
noise through heavily populated areas
．


That still leaves eth council with a problem
．
By 2013,only50%of 1995 levels of waste will
benllewed to be sent to landfill
．
Even if recveling large are met, there will still be a large amount
of rubbish to be burnt up
．
Due build an Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to
work together to build an ineinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out
．

59
．
The main way of handling waste in a green manmer in Edinburgh is






．


A
．
recyeling




B
．
restoring



C
．
burying



D
．
burning
60
．
The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to






．


A
．
reduce the roast of burying waste