比肩继踵完形填空解题技巧及练习

2021年1月22日发(作者：llol)
完形填空专项训练











抓好三方面●跨好三大步●做好三结合













































------
谈完形填空解题技巧





中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面：





1.
不善于抓文章的主旨大意，并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判 断，导致理解上
出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。





2.
容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。





3.
对完形填空题怀有厌倦、

畏惧心理，
以至做题时处于应付状态，
做题能力得不到提高。




那么，
怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？我们应从以下三方面入手训 练思维能力和
解题技巧：
抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。
并在做题过程中把这三方面 与做完形填空的三
大步骤“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的思维主攻方向。即抓好三方面，跨 好三
大步，做好三结合。






一、通读短文抓主旨





一般情况下，完形填空短文都不给标题，
不容易把握文章的主题和大意。
但短文首句通
常不设空 格，
这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，
而尾句往往是文章的总结、
结论或点睛之笔，
所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。
借助于首尾句给予
的启示，克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意能体现文章大意
的关 键词句，
尽力从整体上理解短文大意，
这是逐空填词的重要依据和基础。
如果一开始就
忙于见空填空，
势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，
无法形成连贯的思路，
只见 树木不见森林，
理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失彼的错误，甚至影响做题速度。





抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判 断，往往会收到
事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而解。< br>




二、精读短文析文意





在基本抓住文章的主旨后，
应逐句精读短文，
逐题分 析选项，
对特定的语境做深人的理
解，克服“定势思维”
，根据全文大意和词不离句， 句不离文的原则，逐项填空。切不可以
单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，
而应以能否恰如其分 地表达文意作为选择最佳答案的唯
一标准。要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点：





1.
从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。就题 论题，断章取义，忽视上下文的信息提
示是我们常犯的错误。
因此我们在做题时要注重暗含的信 息提示，
找准突破口，
确保文意畅
通。





2.
从词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑，准确判断。
NMET
完形填空题中考
查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意， 研读细节，
准确认定语境，才能做好这类题目。





3.
从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑，挖掘文章的寓意及隐含意义。尤其是
NMET完形填空
短文大都包含一定的哲理和寓意，
具备深层探询的可能性，
这就要求我们 既要明确表层意义，
还要理解其深层含义。
而结合我们已有的生活常识和社会常识去做题，则会有意想不到的效
果，因为每个人的能力不是单一的。





4.
从英汉两种语言的差异角度去考虑，避免错误。因为我们在英语学习过程中往往 伴随
“心译”过程，
而出题者则会从母语的角度设置干扰项，
在做题时一定要意识到这 一点，不
要受母语影响，借助平时学习中培养起来的语感，灵活处理。





总之，在逐项填空时应根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，把上下文的意 思、
句法结构、
词类和语法功能、惯用法、逻辑推理常识等各种因素加在一起综合考虑，仔细推
敲，选中答案。






三、复读全文再检验





在做完一篇完形填 空后，
文章完整了，
应从头至尾读一遍，
根据复读的语感和对整篇短
文的理解 ，再次将较明显的错误改正，个别需要推敲的再做调整，力争尽可能少出错。





另外，
要做好完形填空，
除了具备扎实的基础知识和快速阅读及 理解的能力外，
良好的
心理素质和思维品质也至关重要。我们在平时训练时不能忽视对后者的训 练。

在具体的操作中应注意以下的问题：



1
）看清上下文，找准定位词



充分利用文章的上下文 和前后句，
找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。
这些词有时可能是
同义词或反义词。例如 ：

1. Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very ______

A. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous


2
）通顺逻辑，寻求搭配



注意固定的搭配，
包括动词与介词的搭配、
动词与名词的搭配以 及形容词与名词的搭配
等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：



Here
’
s a fellow
who just walked
into
a bank and helped himself_______ so much
money.


A. for B. by C. to D. of
3
）扎实基础，搞清辨异

在此类试题的命制上，
往往是以同类的词 为主，
我们不需要去进行具体的辨析，
但是我
们也要根据文章的意思来进行推断。如：

Soon I heard a________ like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.

A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout
When
the
papers
were
__________
she
discovered
that
twelve
boys
had
made
exactly
…

A. examined

B. completed

C. marked

D. answered


4
）看清执行者，确定所选词

And video cameras can be used to
＿＿＿＿＿
people
’
s actions at home.


A. keep B. make C. record D. watch


5
）寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系

It has been many years
since I was last in
London________ still
remember something
that happened during that visit.


A. and B. for C. but D. as


6
）了解生活常识，确定相关知识

(Immediately ) the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the
＿＿＿＿＿
hospital.


A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest

第一节

完形填空
1
（共
20
小题；每小题
1
分，满分
20
分）

A
beggar
lived
near
the
king’s
palace.
One
day
the
king
was
giving
a
great



21


.
Anyone dressed in
royal
(
高贵的
) clothes was invited. The beggar felt sad and then he came up
to the guard at the



22


, asking to speak to the king.

“



23



here,”
the
guard
answered.
In
a
few
minutes,
he
was



24



and
led
the
beggar in.

“I
want
to
attend
your
party,
but
I
have
no
royal
clothes
to
wear.
Please,
sir,
may
I
have
some of your



25



clothes?” he said to the king. The king smiled and said to his



26


,
“Dress him in some of your clothes.”

Soon the beggar was standing



27



a mirror, dressed in clothes he had never dared
hope for. “You can attend the party now,” said the prince. “And you will



28



need any
other clothes. These clothes will last forever.”



The beggar



29



the prince. As he was about to



30


, he saw his dirty
rags
(
破
布
) on the floor. What if he would



31



them again? Quickly, he gathered them up.

The party was great, but the beggar couldn’t



32



himself. He had made a
bundle
(
包
袱
) of his old rags and it



33



falling off. The foods were passed



34



and he missed
most
of
them.
Time
proved
that
the
prince
was



35


.
The
royal
clothes
lasted
forever.



36


,
the
beggar
grew
fonder
and
fonder
of
his
old
rags
and
carried
them
everywhere.
Gradually, people



37



the royal clothes he was wearing. They even spoke of him as the
old man with the rags. One day as he lay dying, the king



38



him. The beggar saw the sad
look on the king’s face when he saw the bundle of rags by the



39


. Suddenly, the beggar



40



the rags had cost him a lifetime of true royalty.


21. A. party
22. A. street
23. A. Look
24. A. confident
25. A. expensive
26. A. soldier
27. A. beside
28. A. never
B. lecture
B. gate
B. Listen
B. happy
B. cheap
B. daughter
B. under
B. seldom
C. play
C. meeting
C. Rest
C. back
C. clean
C. son
C. on
C. sometimes
D. present
D. station
D. Wait
D. gone
D. old
D. guest
D. before
D. always
29. A. liked
30. A. leave
31. A. sell
32. A. enjoy
33. A. stopped
34. A. quickly
35. A. famous
37. A. changed
38. A. helped
39. A. tree
40. A. expected
B. thanked
B. talk
B. mend
B. improve
B. kept
B. finally
B. right
B. threw
B. trusted
B. bed
B. showed
C. paid
C. eat
C. wash
C. understand
C. planned
C. simple
C. lost
C. visited
C. door
C. realized
D. refused
D. sit
D. need
D. save
D. tried
D. necessary
D. forgot
D. missed
D. yard
D. reported
C. unfortunately
D. carefully
36. A. Instead





B. Therefore



C. However





D. Besides
21-40 ABDCD



CDABA


DABAB



CDCBC
完形填空
2（共
20
小题；每小题
1
分，满分
20
分）



During Christmas break from college, a young man wanted to borrow his father's car to drive to
a New Year's Eve

1

to be held in Vermont. The father was

2

about the son hitting one of
the roadblocks that people set up all over the place on New Year's Eve. The

3

that was
reached was that the son would be allowed to use the car, but he would not drink at all.




So he drove to Vermont, got completely

4

and attempted to drive home. On the way
home he hit a roadblock. He was told to

5

the car and stand in a line of people that were
being given the infamous sobriety(not drunk)

6

. However, the policeman

7


him out. He
was

8

standing off to the side while the others were

9

the police officer how well they
could walk a

10

line, etc.




At 7:00 a.m., his father got up to answer the

11

. There were

12

policemen there.
They asked him if he was the

13

of that red FIAT. He replied,
asked him if he was driving the car the evening before and he said that his son had been the
driver.




When the young man

14

himself in front of the policemen, he knew he was in some sort
of

15

. Upon questioning, he

16

that he was driving the car,but when asked if he had been

17

, he said,
remember the 18

. He said that it was in the garage.




And when the four of them walked out to look at the car
，
instead of looking at the car he
had driven the

19

before, they saw a

20

car parked there.
1. A. party








B. meeting







C. concert






D. sports meeting
2. A. sure









B. worried







C. curious







D. anxious
3. A. suggestion




B. condition






C. conclusion




D. agreement
4. A. excited







B. tired









C. pleased






D. drunk
5. A. stop









B. get out of





C. drive








D. get into
6. A. punishment




B. test










C. education





D. talk
7. A. gave









B. made








C. missed







D. found
8. A. considered




B. required







C. suggested





D. left
9. A. showing






B. explaining





C. asking







D. telling
10. A. long








B. straight








C. calm








D. direct
11. A. telephone




B. call










C. doorbell






D. question
12. A. many







B. two










C. four









D. one
13. A. manager




B. father









C. student







D. owner
l4. A. stood







B. found









C. put










D. took
15. A. danger






B. test










C. trouble







D. accident
16. A. believed





B. told










C. admitted






D. said
17. A. driving






B. hurting








C. drinking






D. missing
l8. A. drive








B. test










C. time









D. line
19. A. day








B. morning







C. night









D. aftemoon
20. A. similar






B. familiar







C. police









D. damaged


1 .A
最佳【分析】通读全文可知，惟有出席“
party
”才能有事后的醉酒。



2.B
最佳【分析】由句意可知，父亲“担忧”儿子撞路障被罚。



3.D
最佳【分析】
reach an agreement
意为“达成协定”

。父亲允许儿子用车，但要以儿子不饮酒为条件。


4.D
最佳【分析】由
attempted to drive home
可推知，尽管儿子“酩酊大醉”
，还想开车回家。


< br>5.B
最佳【分析】由于撞了路障，他被警察从车里叫出来，站在一队人之间，接受醉酒程度的测 试。若选
stop
，则成为
the car stand in a line of people
，不合情理。



6.B
最佳【分析】由上下文语境可知。



7.C
最佳【分析】
miss sb out
意为“漏掉了某人”
。



8.D
最佳< br>【分析】
因为
A
、
B
、
C
三项皆不能用现在 分词做补足语，
只有
leave
可以。
He was left standing off
to the side
意为“让他站在一边”
。



9.A
最佳【分析】而其他人正让警察看看他们是如何能笔直地向前走，以示不醉。



10.B
最佳【分析】
walk a straight line
“走直线”
。



11.C
最佳【分析】根据语境暗示，警察应近在门前。



12.B
最佳【分析】由最后一段中的
the four of them
可知，他们共四人。除去他们父子两人外，另两人是
警察。



13.D
最佳【分析】
that red FIAT
是
the father's car
，故
the father
为车主。



14.B
最佳【分析】
find oneself in someplace
意为“自己不知不觉地处于某地”
。



15.C
最佳【分析】站在警察面前，自然预感到不妙。


16.C
最佳【分析】此外
questioning
出于警察之口，有“询问、审 问”之意，所以就有后面的
admitted
与
其照应。



17.C
最佳【分析】问他之前是否一直饮酒。


< br>18.A
最佳【分析】他也记不得车开哪儿了。选
drive
照应了前面的“< br>
car
”
。



19.C
最佳【分析】由上文所提示的时间可知：车是晚上开的。



20.C
最佳【分析】用排除法可得此选项。文中没有对车的具体描述，故谈不上< br>similar
和
familiar
。而
D
项
dam aged
是“损坏”之意，开损坏了的车不合情理。把警车开家来，足见其醉的程度。


（
3
）

Under her bed, Mrs Chang kept a box containing some jewellery which had belonged to her
mother. The jewellery was the only

1

thing she had, and she always said she would keep it
and only sell it for a very important reason. Well, this was an important reason, wasn't it? She
said nothing to Mary,

2

went secretly into the city and sold the jewellery for $$2,750. Over half
the money! But where could she

3

the other half?




During the next few months, Mrs Chang was always busy. She went out four mornings a
week and

4

other people's houses. She

5

until late in the night and sewed dresses and
trousers for the people in the village. She embroidered(
绣
) colourful birds and flowers on a piece
of silk for the

6

who came through the village.

7

, her pile of money under her bed began
to

8

. Mary noticed that her mother was very

9 , but her mother just said,
some new clothes for your

10

I'll need to buy cloth. And I want to be able to

11

you
another good present.




By June, Mrs Chang had $$4,250 under her bed. She went to a relative in Yuen Long, who had
a small business.

12

$$750. Her relative was

13

. Mrs Chang
had

14

asked anyone for money before. But he lent her the money.




Mrs Chang

15

her best clothes, went to the city and

16

a return ticket from London
to Hong Kong. After putting it in a nice

17

she began to write

18

address on it and posted
it.

19

.
happy Mary will be too, to

20

her brother with her on her wedding day.
1. A. valuable







B. beautiful








C. interesting



D. wonderful
2. A. or












B. but













C. so









D. however
3. A. get











B. borrow









C. make








D. bring
4. A. searched






B. entered









C. cleaned






D. washed
5. A. stayed up






B. kept up









C. n1ade up





D. dressed up
6. A. neighbours





B. tourists









C. relatives





D. friends
7. A. Gradually






B. Frequently







C. Probably





D. Immediately
8. A. reduce








B. appear










C. disappear




D. grow
9. A. worried








B. busy












C. angry







D. content
10. A. wedding






B. birthday









C. fami1y






D. work
1l. A. give










B. send












C. buy









D. mail
12. A. lose










B. owe












C. need








D. earn
13. A. surprised






B. frightened








C. hurt







D. disappointed
14. A. atways







B. usually











C. never







D. sometimes
l5. A. picked up






B. had on











C. took off





D. put on
l6. A. bought








B. sent













C. took








D. carried
17. A. envelope






B. box














C. package





D. bag
18. A. mother's






B. brother's










C. Mary's





D. David's
19. A. him










B. them













C. herself





D. her
20. A. have









B. invite













C. take







D. 1eave


1.A
最 佳【分析】通读全文可知，本文讲述一位慈爱但又家境桔据的母亲为女儿的婚礼攒钱的故事。母亲
传给她 的
jewellery
是张太太拥有的唯一值钱的东西。故选
A
。



2.B
最佳【分析】语气转折。



3.A
最佳【分析】上文讲靠出售
jewellery
而得到一半的钱，本句应表达 还有一半到哪里去搞到，而不是
借或挣。



4.C
最佳【分析】给别人打扫屋子（来挣钱）
。



5.A
最佳【分析】
stay up
意为熬夜。熬夜给别人缝制衣服挣钱。



6.B
最佳【分析】给穿过村子的游客绣花挣钱。



7.A
最佳



8.D
最佳【分析】慢慢地攒的钱多起来了。