光泽-
综合英语（一）下
Lesson One
The Story of an Hour
一小时的故事
Kate Chopin
Learning Guide
一 位已婚女士闻其丈夫惨死于火车事故，不顾自己衰弱的心脏能否经受得住，当即入放声痛哭，随后
又不顾 亲友的劝告将自己锁在屋内。她推开窗子，迎来外面雨后的一片春意盎然。那充满生机的景象突然
唤醒了 长期隐藏在她心底深处的愿望，她感到了身心从未有过的自由。正当她憧憬着未来的自由时
……
1
They knew that Louise Mallard had a weak heart. So they
broke
the bad news gently. Her husband,
Brently, was dead.
他们知道路易丝
·
马拉德的心脏不太好，
所以把坏消 息
透露
给她时非常委婉。
她的丈夫布伦特里死了。
2
“There was a train accident, Louise,” said her sister Josephine, quietly.
3
Her husband's friend, Richards, brought the news, but Josephine told the story. She spoke in broken
sentences.
4
“Richards… was
at the newspaper office.
News of the accident came. Louise… Louise,
Brently's
name was on the list. Brently…was killed, Louise.”
“
出了一次火车事故，路易丝。
”
姐姐约瑟芬轻声说道。
带来消息的是她丈夫的朋友理查兹，但告诉她的是约瑟芬。约瑟芬在讲述时语不成句。
“
理查兹当时正在报社，
消息传了过来。路易丝
……< br>路易丝，死者的名单上有布伦特里的名字。
布伦特
里
……
遇难了，路易 丝。
”
5
Louise did not hear the story calmly, like some women
could not close her mind
or her
heart to the news. Like a sudden
storm
, her tears
broke out
. She cried, at once, loudly in her sister's
arms. Then, just as suddenly, the tears stopped. She went to her room alone. She would not let anyone
follow her.
路易丝听 到这个噩耗，没有像有些妇女所可能表现的那样平静。她
不可能做到无动于衷
。泪水像突如其< br>来的
暴雨
，夺眶而出。她立时呼号起来，在姐姐的怀里放声大哭。随后她的泪水就像它们 突然来时的那样
又突然止住了。她独自走进自己的房间，不让任何人跟着进去。
6
In front of the window stood a large, comfortable armchair. Into this she
sank
and looked out of the
window. She was physically exhausted after her tears. Her body felt cold; her mind and heart were
empty.
7
Outside her window she could see the trees. The air smelled like spring rain. She could hear
someone singing far away. Birds sang near the house. Blue sky showed between the clouds. She
rested.
窗前放着一把又大又舒适的 扶手椅。她疲惫地坐到椅子上，向窗外望去。哭过之后，她筋疲力尽。她
浑身冰凉，脑子里和心里一片空 白。
窗外，她能看到一片树木，空气闻起来就像春雨过后。 她还能听到远处有人在唱歌，房子附近也有鸟
儿在歌唱，白云间露出一片片蓝天。她平静了下来。
8
She sat quietly, but a few weak tears still fell. She was young, with a
fair
, calm face that showed a
certain strength
. But now there was a
dull
stare in her eyes. She looked out of the window at the blue sky.
She was not thinking, or seeing. She was waiting.
她静静地坐着，又有几滴泪水掉落下来。她 很年轻，
白皙
安详的脸上显露出
一种毅力
。但此时此刻，
她的眼神中 没有一丝生气。她望着窗外的蓝天。她不是在想，也不是在看，而是在等待。
9
There was something coming to her and she was waiting for it with fear. What was it? She did not
know. It was too
subtle
to name. But she felt it
creeping out
of the sky. It was reaching her through the
sound, the smell, the color that filled the air.
什么东西正向她靠近，她恐惧地等待着。是什么呢？她不知道。那东西太
微妙
，说不清楚。但是她感
到它正从天边而来，透过空气中的声音、气息和颜色正在逼近她。
10
Slowly she became excited. Her breath came fast; her heart beat faster. She was beginning to
recognize the thing that was approaching to take her. She tried to beat it back with her will, but failed.
Her mind was as weak as her two small white hands. When she stopped fighting against it, a little word
broke from her lips.
慢慢地，她变得兴奋起来 ，呼吸急促，心跳加快。她开始意识到正向她逼近要控制她的是什么东西。
她试图用自己的意志力把这种 朦胧的意识打回去，但毫无用处。她的意志就像她那纤细白皙的双手，脆弱
无力，不能将其推开。当她干 脆任其自由发展时，从她的双唇间蹦出一个词。
11
“Free,” she whispered. “Free, free, free!” The dull stare and look of fea
r went from her eyes. They
stayed
keen
and bright. Her heart beat fast, and the blood warmed and relaxed every inch of her body. A
sudden feeling of joy held her.
“
自由了，
”
她低语道，
“
自由了，
自由了，
自由了！
”
茫然的目光和恐惧的神色一扫而光。
她的目光又
敏锐
、
闪亮起来。她的心跳加快，血液沸腾，全身轻松了下来。她 感到一种突如其来的欢悦。
12
She did not ask if her joy was wrong. She saw her freedom clearly and could not stop to think of
smaller things.
13
She knew that she would weep again when she saw her husband's body. The kind hands, now
dead and still. The loving face, now fixed and gray. But she looked into the future and
saw many long
years to come that would belong to her alone. And now she opened and
spread her arms out to those
years in welcome.
她想都没想这种欢悦的心情是否正当。
今后的自由清清楚楚 地展现在她的面前，
别的都是小事，
无暇顾及。
她知 道她看到丈夫的遗体时还会哭。那亲切的双手再也不能挥动，那可爱的脸庞变得呆滞而又苍白。
但她看到 了未来，看到了将来长远的岁月，那只属于她的岁月。她张开双臂，欢迎那美好的岁月。
14
There would be no one else to live for during those years. She would live for herself alone. There
would be no powerful will bending hers. Men and women always believe they can tell others what to do
and how to think. Suddenly Louise understood that this was wrong and that she could break away and
be free of it.
在那些岁月里，
她将不再为其他任何人而活着，
只为她自己。
那时 再也没有人使自己屈从于他的意志。
人们总是认为他们可以叫其他人做什么，叫其他人如何思考。路易丝 突然明白这是错误的，她完全可以从
中
摆脱出来
。
15
And yet, she had loved him
—
sometimes. Often she had did love mean now? Now she
understood that freedom is stronger than love.
16
“Free!
Body and soul
free!” she kept whisperin
g.
然而她曾经爱过他
——
有的时候。更多的时候她又不爱他。此时爱情还有什 么意义呢？现在她知道自由
比爱情更加强烈，更加重要。
“
自由了！彻底自由了！
”
她不停地低声说道。
17
Her sister Josephine was waiting outside the door.
18
“Please open the door,” Josephine cried. “You will make yourself sick. What are you
doing in there,
Louise? Pleas
e, please, let me in !”
19
“Go away. I am not making myself sick.” No, she was
drinking in
life through that open window.
姐姐约瑟芬在门外等着。
“
请开门，
”
约瑟芬大声喊道。
“
你会把自己弄 病的。你到底在里面干什么，路易丝？请，请让我进去！
”
“
走开。我不会把自己弄病的。
”
是的，她不会。透过敞开的窗户，她正在
陶醉 于
窗外生命的气息，体
验着生命的美好。
20
She thought joyfully of all those days before her. Spring days, summer days. All kinds of days that
would be her own. She began to hope life would be long. It was only yesterday that life seemed so long !
她高兴地想着以后的日子。春天，夏天，所 有属于她自己的日子。她开始渴望长寿，而就在昨天她还
嫌生命漫长，看不到尽头！
21
After a while she got up and opened the door. Her eyes were bright; her cheeks were red. She didn't
know how strong and well she looked
—
so full of joy. They went downstairs, where Richards was
waiting.
过了一会，她起身把门打开。她的眼睛炯炯有神，她的脸颊很红润。她不知道她的身体看起来 是多么
地健康
——
充满了喜悦。她们下了楼，理查兹在楼下等着。
22
Someone was opening the door. It was Brently Mallard, who entered, looking dirty and tired,
carrying a suitcase and an was not killed in the accident. He didn't even know there had
been one. He stood surprised at Josephine's sudden cry. He didn't understand why Richards moved
suddenly between them, to hide Louise from her husband.
有人在开门。进来的是布伦特里
·
马拉德，他满面风尘，手提着一只旅行箱 并拿着把雨伞。他没有在
事故中遇难，他甚至不知道发生了车祸。他愣在那里，对约瑟芬的惊叫感到诧异 。他不理解理查兹为什么
突然站到他们中间，把路易丝挡起来。
23
But Richards was too late.
24
When the doctors came, they said she had
died of
heart disease
—
of joy that kills.
但是理查兹太晚了。当 医生赶到时，他们说她死于心脏病
——
死于心脏承受不了的喜悦。
Lesson Two
In the Laboratory
在实验室里
Samuel H. Scudder
Learning Guide
美国著名昆虫学家塞缪尔·
斯卡德记叙了多年前他初进哈佛读书，
在阿加西斯教授的实验室学习的一段
难忘 的经历：一条作标本的鱼，竟让他用肉眼整整观察了
三天。然而他所学到的东西使他终身受益 。对
学生有问必答、有求必应、事无巨细一概包揽的就是个好老师吗
?
能把老师的知识 全部学到的就是好学生
吗
?
俗话说严
师出高徒。师应严在何处?
徒又高在哪里
?
仔细品味本文，你一定会有所收获。
1
I entered Professor Agassiz's laboratory, and told him I had
enrol
led my name in the
Scientific School
as a student of
natural history.
我走进阿加西斯教授的实验 室，告诉他我已经在自
然科学学院
报了名，专业是
生物学
。
2
3
“
你想什么时候开始？
”
“
就现在，
”
我答道。
4
This seemed to please him, and with an
energetic
jar
of
specimens
in yellow alcohol.
by and by
I will ask what you have
seen.
enough to an
eager
student, and the alcohol had a very unpleasant smell. But I said nothing and began
to work immediately.
这好象让他很高兴，他 精神饱满地说了句
“
好极了
”
，就伸手从架子上取下一只大
瓶子，里面的黄色酒
精中浸泡着
标本
。
“
把这条鱼拿去，
”
他说，
“
仔细观察观
察，
过一会
我再问问你看到 了些什么。
”
说完他就
离开了。我很失望，因为对于一个
求知欲很强的
学生来说，老盯着一条鱼看并不富有挑战性，而且酒精也
发出一股
难闻的气味。但我什么话也没说，立即开始了工作。
5
In ten minutes I had seen all that could be seen in the fish, and started to look for the Professor
—
who had, however, left. Half an hour passed
—
an hour
—
another hour; the fish began to look
disgusting. I turned it
over and around;
looked it in the face
—
ghastly
; from behind, beneath, above,
sideways
—
just as ghastly. I must not use a
magnifying glass
, nor instruments of any kind. Just my two
hands, my two eyes, and the fish: it seemed a most
limited field
of study. With a feeling of
desperation
again I looked at that fish. I pushed my finger down its throat to feel how
sharp
the teeth were. I began to
count the
scales
in
the
different rows
, until I was convinced that was nonsense. At last a happy thought
struck me
—
I would draw the fish; and now with surprise I began to discover new
features
in the
creature. Just then the Professor returned.
我用十分钟就把鱼身上能看到的东西全 看了，然后开始找教授，然而他已经离开了。半个小时，一个小
时，再一个小时过去了，
那条鱼显得叫人厌恶。我把它
翻过来，转过去
，再正面看看，毫无气色，死一
样的
苍白
；从后看，从下看，从上看，从侧面看都一样。我不准用
放大镜
，不准用任何
仪器。只有我的
两只手，两只眼睛，还有鱼，这个研究
范围似乎太狭窄
了。带着无可奈何的心情我再次去看那条鱼。我把
手伸进鱼的嘴巴，看 看它的牙齿有多锋利。我开始一排排地数
鱼鳞片
，直到我确信这样做毫无意义。最后
我
忽然想起了
一个好主意
——
我把鱼画出来。令我惊奇的是，我开始在这家伙身 上发现了新的特征。就在
这时，教授回来了。
6
7
He listened attentively to my brief description. When I finished, he waited as if expecting more, and
then, with an air of disappointment.
8
earnestly
,
of the most visible features of the animal, which is as plainly before your eyes as the fish itself; look again,
look again!
misery.
“
做得对，
”
他说，
“
使用铅笔 是最好的观察方法之一。
”
说完这鼓舞人心的话，
他又接着说，
“
嗯 ，
它象什么？
”
他认真地听着我简单的描述。我讲完 之后，他等了等，好象在期待着我继续说下去，然后脸上显露出
失望的表情说：
“
你没有仔细观察，
”
他接着认真地说，
“
你甚 至连鱼身上最明显的特征都没看到，它就象那条鱼本身一
样清清楚楚地摆在你的面前。再看！再看！”
交代完之后，他就不管我了，让我陷入苦恼之中。
9
I was hurt. Still more of that
wretched
fish ! But now I set myself to my task with a will, and discovered
one new thing after another,until I saw how just the Professor's criticism had been. The afternoon
passed quickly; and when, towards its close, the Professor inquired,
10
11
next best
,
perhaps you will be ready with a better answer in the morning. I will examine you before you look at the
fish.
< br>我的自尊心受到了伤害。还得继续去面对那条讨厌的鱼！但现在我决心好好地完成我的任务，于是便有了一个一个的新发现，
直到最后我终于明白教授的批评是多么地有道理。
下午很快就过去了 。
快到黄昏时，
教授问我：
“
看出来了吗？
”“
没有，”
我回答道，
“
没有看出来，但我已认识到原来看出来实在是太少了。
”
“
那
也不错
，
”
他认真地 说。
“
不过现在我不听你讲，
你把鱼放好回家去吧，
也许明天早晨有更好的答 案，
在你看鱼只前我要考考你。
”
12
This was
disconcerting.
Not only must I think of my fish all night, studying, without the object
before
me, what this unknown but most visible feature might be, but also, without reviewing my discoveries, I
must
give an exact account of
them the next day.
这真叫人紧张。我不仅必须整夜去想那条鱼，鱼不在跟前得 反复琢磨出那未知但极其明显的特征是什
么，而且在无法重温已经发现的特征的情况下，还要在第二天准 确地
描述
那些特征。
13
The friendly greeting from the Professor the next morning was
reassuring
. He seemed to be quite
as anxious as I that I should see for myself what he saw.
第二天早晨，教授友好地向我打招呼 ，
这令我感到安慰
。他好象与我的心情完全一样，急切希望我看
到他所看到的一切。
14
15
His thoroughly pleased
talked most happily and enthusiastically
—
as he always did
—
upon the
importance of this point, I asked
what I should do next.
“
你的意思或许是说，
”
我问道，
“
鱼的两边对 称，器官成对？
”
他十分满意地说了声
“
对 ！
”
，让我感到头天夜里好几个小时的思考没有白费。在他象平常那样非常高
兴而又充 满热情地谈了这一点的重要性后，我问他下一步该怎么做。
16
and heard my new list.
17
placed that fish before my eyes, forbidding me to look at anything else, or to use any
artificial aid
.
look, look,
噢，< br>看你的鱼吧！
”
说完，
他又离开了，
就留下我一个人。
一个小 时多一点，
他再次回来，
听了我的新发现。
“
很好！很好！
”
他连连说，
“
但这还没完，继续看。
”
就 这样，他把鱼放在我的面前整整放了三天，不让
我看任何其它东西，也不让我使用任何
仪器。
“
观察，观察，再观察，
”
他再三地指示。
18
The fourth day, a second fish of the same group was placed beside the first, and I was told to point
out the similarities and differences between the two; another and another followed, until the entire family
lay before me.
第四天，另一条同属的鱼摆放在第一条鱼的旁边，而且要我指出它们之间 的相同点与不同点。然后，
又是一条，接着另一条，直到同科所有的鱼都摆到了我的面前。
19
This was the best lesson I ever had. It has influenced the way I have studied
ever since
.It was
something the Professor gave me, which we could not buy, with which we could not part.
这是我上过的最好的一课。
自那以后
，我的一切学习和研究方法无不受益于这一课。这是教授给我的无
价的礼物，是用金钱 买不到的，是一笔不能丢弃的财富。
20
While training the students in the method of observing facts and their orderly arrangement,
Professor Agassiz urged them not to
be content with
just facts.
say,
brought into
connection with some general law.
在训练学生观察事 物及其规律性的排列时，
阿加西斯教授鼓励他们不要
仅仅满足于
事实。
他常说 ：
“
事实
本身意义不大，只有与某一自然法则联系起来时才有意义。
”
Lesson Three
Detective on the Trail
跟踪的侦探
J. Jefferson Farjeon
Learning Guide
维护社会治安，人人有责。一个机智而且有正义感的伦敦报童，发现报上几则蹊跷 的私人启事似乎与
几起盗窃案有某种联系，遂向警方报告。报童在一则广告所
暗示的 地点与时间，潜伏起来，凭借自己的
机智和勇敢协助警方捕获了已作案多次的盗窃团伙首领
——
正是那几则神秘启事的发送人。
1
Bob Sugg read only
certain bits of
the papers he sold. Robberies, killings, and things like
that. And
that was funny, too, because he didn't like crime and
meant to stop
it whenever he could. Already
in
his
free time he had helped catch several
wrongdoers
.
在鲍勃
·
萨格所卖 的几种报纸中，
他只看其中少量的部分，如抢劫、谋杀以及诸如此类的东西。
这事说
来 也怪，因为他讨厌犯罪，而且只要办得到，他都
决心随时制止
犯罪。在闲暇时间里，他就曾经帮 助抓到
过好几个
罪犯
。
2
Bob's favourite part of the newspaper was the page of personal advertisements. The one he was
reading right now said:
Remember
Aunt Mary on next Sunday. Quarrel upsetting evening
25th. N.E. Cross.
报纸上，
鲍勃最爱看的是 私人启事版。
现在他正在读的启事是这样写的：
“
在下星期天别忘了给玛丽阿
姨
送礼
。吵架破坏了大家的心情。
25
日晚报道。
N. E.
克罗斯。
”
3
Sunday
come upon
that name in the personals before. But he didn't remember those
initials
.What did N. E. stand for?
< br>“
这条启事有些蹊跷。
”
鲍勃想。他把启事又读了一遍。干吗要多花钱多写进一 个
“
在
”
字？写
“
下星期天
”
不就够了？
“
克罗斯，克罗斯。
”
鲍勃确信在以前的私人启事中曾经
见过
这个名字，但他却记不清那些首字
母了。
N. E.
代表什么呢？
4
For some reason that advertisement
haunted
Bob Sugg. Here was a
mystery
he wanted to solve.
5
Four days later, a headline about a
burglary
caught his eye. He quickly read the story. A few minutes
later, the man in charge of the newspaper files saw an excited boy
rush into
the room.
back number files
, sir?
motioned
toward a wide shelf. Bob
intently
studied a
paper.
不知为什么，那则启事时时
萦绕
在鲍勃
·
萨格的心头。他 想解开这个迷。
四天之后，一个有关
盗窃案
的标题引起了他的注意。他很快 读完了报道。几分钟后，管理报纸档案的职员
看见一个神情激动的男孩跑进了他的办公室。
“< br>先生，
让我看看
过期报纸
，好吗？
”
男孩问。那人 向一个宽
宽的书架
示意
了一下，鲍勃就
认真地
研究起报纸来。
6
with
excitement.
it's the same advertiser, Cross.
7
8
9
10
very
question from the police inspector today, my name's not
Bob Sugg.
“
看！这两则私人 启事。
”
鲍勃激动得喘不过气来，
“
虽然它们刊登的日期不同，但刊登广告的 却是同一
个人：克罗斯。
”
“
等等，
”
那人打断 他的话，
“
首位字母不一样，一个
W. Cross,
另一个是
S. W.
。
”
“
上星期四的报纸上还有另一个克罗斯。到底是谁送登这三则启事的呢？
”
鲍勃问。
“
这个信息我们不能告诉你。
”
那人说。
“
那么，
”
鲍勃说，
“
不出今天，要 是警长不问你这个问题，我就不叫鲍勃
·
萨格。
”
说完这话他就走了。
11
Bob hurried into Inspector Hamelin's office, and showed him the headline in the paper.
this burglary in Ramon Square,
paper. Number 25. The burglar's Mr. N.E. Cross this time. Before, he was W. Cross, and before that,
S.W. Cross. ‘Remember Aunt Mary on next Sunday.
Quarrel upsetting all. Report evening 25th.' Mr.
Hamelin, the first letters of the words spell
‘Ramon Square. '
鲍勃 急匆匆地走进哈梅林警长的办公室，把报纸上的标题给他看。
“
这是有关拉蒙广场的盗窃案，< br>”
他说，
“
门
牌号码虽然不在报纸上，但我可以告诉你：是
5
号。这回，盗贼叫
N. E.
克罗斯。上回，他叫
W.
克罗斯；再
上回，他叫
S. W.
克罗斯。这些单词的第一个字母拼在一起就是哈梅林先生。
”
12
13
day chosen for the job!
14
15
“
那首字母
N. W.
就代表东北区罗？
”
“
说得对，
”
鲍勃说：
“
拉蒙广场东 北区
25
号；那是地址。星期日就是他选定作案的日子！
”
“
分析得很好。恭喜，恭喜！
”
哈梅林说。
“
我在几个星期前的新闻报纸中还发现了另外两则启事。给你看看，先生 ！
”
鲍勃急切地说。
16
Inspector Hamelin did so. The first one
ran:
England 30th. S.W. Cross.
17
The second ran:
spot
early unless Mary rings on Wednesday 5th. W. Cross.
18
Bob pointed a forefinger at each word
in turn
.
19
gives the day of the week, that's the day for the burglary.
哈梅林警长开始读起来。第一则启事是这样的：
“
星期五。出于安全的缘故，刘易斯将于< br>30
日离开北
英格兰。
S. W.
克罗斯。
”
第二则启事写道：
“
如果玛丽星期三（
5
日）不打电话另行通知，老
地方
见，早
来。
W.
克罗斯。
”
鲍勃用手指一字一字地往下指着。
“
第一则启事拼出来是弗罗斯特巷西南区
30
号，第二则是博物馆街西区
5
号。启事中出现星期几时，那就
是盗窃的日子。
”
20
the key to something
. There were burglaries in both Frost
Lane and Museum Row on the dates you've noted here. Both crimes still unsolved.
Lieutenant
, call the
paper and find out exactly where these advertisements came from !
“
鲍勃，”
哈梅林说，
“
你给我们提供了破案的线索。在你提到的日子里，弗罗斯特巷和博 物馆街确实发
生过盗窃案。这两起案件到现在还没有破。
中尉
，给报社打电话，弄清这 些启事的确切来源！
”
21
The lieutenant learned that Mr. Cross had mailed the ads to the paper with city
directory
showed no such return address as the advertiser had left.
中尉查明克罗斯先生是通过邮局把启示和费用寄给报社的，但在本市
住址 簿
上查不到登启事人的那个回信
地址。
22
is to watch
the papers,
23
trip him up
!
24
The following week Bob saw the ad he wanted:
sleep. Come early next Thursday 8th. N. Cross.
25
26
When Bob reached Inspector Hamelin's office, the police already got the information,and Bob was
told to return to his job and read about what was going to happen in the newspaper.
“
那么， 抓到他的唯一方法
就是留心看
报纸了。
”
警官说。
“
报上还会再出现克罗斯签名的启事，那样的话，我们就可以
让他上钩！
”
在接下来的一个星期鲍勃看到了他想要看的启事：< br>“
苏姗。盼信达八个月之久，心情不宁，寝食不安。
下周四（
8
日）早 来。
N.
克罗斯。
”
“
塞勒姆街北区
8
号。
”
鲍勃说。
鲍勃赶到哈梅林警官的办公室时，警方已获得了这一消息。警方叫鲍勃继续去卖报，从报上了 解将要
发生的事。
for Bob Sugg, that was
too uninteresting a way of
learning the news. After dark on Thursday night he
made his way to
Salem Crescent, and hid himself. Every little while he
peeked out
and looked at Number 8.
Now and then he saw men walking along the street. Then they disappeared in the dim shadows. They must
be
plain-clothes men
, Bob decided, who would hide until
the time was ripe
to
swoop down on
the criminals.
但对于鲍勃
·
萨格来说，
这样 获得消息太没意思了。
星期四天黑以后，他溜达着去了塞勒姆街，
躲了起
来。每隔一会 儿，他就
偷偷地看
一下
8
号。他不时地看见有人在街上走着，然后就消失在昏 暗的黑影中，
鲍勃肯定这些都是
便衣警察
，他们先躲起来，
就会
冲向
犯罪分子，将他们一网打尽。
28
Hour
after
hour Bob waited. Now a distant clock was striking one. Then a voice asked,
you doing here?
in
police uniform.
30
hanging around
Salem Crescent to see the fun,
any because the
crooks
have
got on to it
. Why haven't you gone home with the rest of the police?
went on.
鲍勃等了一个小时又一个小时。
现在远 处的钟声已敲响了一点，就在这时，忽听一个声音问道：
“
你在这
里赶什么？
”
这个人穿着警服。
“
就在塞勒姆街
周围转转
，来看热闹 。
”
鲍勃回答。
“
但现在不会有什么热闹
了，因为骗子已经
觉察
。哎，你怎么没和别的警察一起回家？
”
他接着问。
31
32
ad in just to
mislead
us.
33
34
Bob looked
intently
at the man.
turn up
.
35
police around, he'd probably have
twisted your neck.
“
谁说别的警察都回家了？
”
那人问
“
警长告诉我的。
”
鲍勃撒谎道。
“
他说克罗斯先生已经知道我们盯 上他了，
登最后那则启事不过是为了
迷惑
我们。
“
说得对 。
”
那人点头道。
“
那你为什么不也回家呢？
”
鲍勃
认真地
打量了一下那个人。
“
我本想待在这里，以防克罗斯先生真的还会
出现
。
”
“
算你运气，你遇到的是我而不是别人，
”
那人笑着说。
“
如果是遇到了罪犯，周围又没有警察，他很可能
扭断你的脖子
的。
”
36
Suddenly Bob
clapped his hand against his jacket pocket
.
found it, and now I've
mislaid
it! I must have
dropped
it!
37
Quickly the man looked down. The next
instant
he received a hard
kick
that
sent him flying
. Then
Bob Sugg yelled, and
dim figures
came running and
surrounded
the man.
突然鲍勃拍了拍上衣口袋
。
“
糟了，
警长的腰包没了！
我本来找到了，< br>可现在
不知道在哪了
，
一定是
弄丢
了！
”
那人赶紧往地上看。刹那间，他被狠很地
踢了一脚，摔倒在地
上。接着鲍勃大声喊叫， 那些
模糊的人影
冲
了出来，把那人团团围住。
38
plain clothes
,
'Why isn't this one?' Maybe Mr. Cross had put that last
ad
in as a test and might come along later to see
if he'd been found out. He thought being dressed like a policeman would make him safe. But he looked
like a
liar
to me.
“
你们其他的人都穿着便衣，
”
鲍勃后来给警长解释道。
“< br>我想这一位为什么没穿呢？也许克罗斯先生登最后
那则广告是为了试探一下，然后再过来看看是否 已被发现。他以为穿得象警察就保险了，但我看他就是一
个大骗子。
”
Lesson Four
The Trashman
垃圾清理工
John Coleman
Learning Guide
偏见、隔阂与歧视不仅存在 于种族之间，也存在于不同的行业之间。社会上对某些工种的歧视尤为深
重，如对环卫工人。环卫工人整 天与垃圾打交道，难道他们
就脏？难道他们的工作就比别的工作低贱？
难道对他们就 该
“
鄙
”
而远之？一位银行家兼大专院校校长为了变换一下生活的节奏，请了 两个月的假，去
清理垃圾。这两个月的亲身经历，使他对其中的酸甜苦辣体会颇深。他指出了环卫工作的 重要，呼吁社会
给予清洁工人应有的尊重。
Saturday, April 7
and I
hauled
trash for four solid hours without a break
of any sort,
except for about five minutes
when we stopped to talk. We got eight hours of pay for cleaning up our
route
no matter how little time it took.
星期六，四月七日
.
我和史 蒂夫用卡车
运送
垃圾，整整干了四个小时，除了停下来说了约五分钟的话，没
有休息片 刻。不管我们用多短的时间清理完这条
线路
上的垃圾，都是按八小时给我们付酬。
2
My shoulder hurt badly each time I put another full
barrel
on it, and my legs occasionally shook as I
started out
to the street. But all the rest of me said, “Go,
trashman
, go.”
每次我把 满满的垃圾
桶
扛上肩头，肩膀就疼得要命，当我走向大街时，有时我的腿都在发抖。但我身体的其它部位鼓励我说：
“
继续干下去，
垃圾清理工
，继续干下去。”
3
I could not have guessed that there would be joy in this.
Dump
. Lift. Walk. Lift. Walk. The hours went
by quickly.
倒
，扛，运，再扛，再运，我过去怎 么也不会想到这其中还真有乐趣。很快，几个小时就过去了。
4
Saturday meant that most adults were at home on the route. So were
school-age children
. I thought
this might mean more talk
back and forth
as I
made the rounds
today. There were many people outdoors,
working in their gardens. Most of them looked friendly enough. While I wouldn't have time to talk
at
length,
there was time to exchange the greetings that go with
civilized ways
.
今天是星期六，住在我们线路上的多数成年人都会在家，上学的孩子也在家。我 以为既然是星期六，
在我挨家挨户扛垃圾桶时，会与更多的住户
相互
打招呼或是说
上一两句话。许多人都在户外，在花园中
干活。他们大多数人看起来都很友好。尽管我没 有时间
长聊
，但相互打个招呼的时间还是有的，这也是
文
明礼貌的表现
。
is where I got my shock.
6.I said hello in quite a few yards before the message
sank in
that this wasn't the thing to onally, I
got a straight man-to man or woman- to-man reply from someone who
looked me in the eye
, smiled, and
asked either “How are you?” or “Isn't this a nice day?” I felt
human then. But most often the response was
either nothing at all, or a look of surprise that I had spoken and used familiar words, or a friendly hello.
恰恰在这方面，发生了我根本没有预料到的事情。
我在好几家的院子里主动和主人打招呼，可几次下来忽然
明白
过来他们是不愿与清洁工打招 呼的。偶尔
也得到肯
正眼看我
，肯对我笑，
肯对我说
“
你好 ！
”
或者
“
今天天气真不错！
”
的男士们或女士 们的直接回应。
在这个时候我才感到我是一个有血有肉的人。
但是在多数情况下，
我向 他们问好，
他们要么完全置之不理，
要
么就显出惊讶的神色，对我居然开口 与他们讲话，居然还使用亲近的词语，或是对他们友好地说声
“
你
好
”
感到万分诧异。
7
Both men and women
stared at
me and said nothing. A woman in a
housecoat
was startled as I
came around the corner of her house. At the sound of my greeting, she gathered her housecoat tightly
about her and moved quickly indoors. I heard the
lock click
. Another woman had a strange, large animal
in her yard. I asked her what kind of dog it was. She
gaped at me
. I thought she was hard of hearing and
asked my question louder. She seemed a little frightened before she turned coldly away.
不管是男人还是女人都瞪大眼睛看 着我，一句话也不说。一个穿着宽松长袍的妇女看到我从她家房子拐角
走过来时，她大吃了一惊。听到我 问好的声音，她裹紧身
上的长袍，赶紧进了屋。接着我听到
门咔嗒一
声锁上 了
。另一个妇女在她家的院子里有一个又大又奇怪的动物。我问她那是条什么品种的狗。她
目瞪 口
呆地望着我
。
我还以为她耳朵有点背，于是又大声地问了一遍。她好象也有些害怕，冷冷地转身走开了。
8
The nice response came from women alone. From the way they replied and
asked after
my health, I
knew that at the day's end when they listed the nice things they had done, there would be a
place on
the
list for “I spoke to the trashman today.”
友好的回应清一色都是来自女士。她们回答我的问好，并且也向我
问好< br>，由此我知道在晚上睡觉前，
当她们列举当天做的好事时，一定也会
列入
这一条 ：
“
今天我和清洁工说了几句话。
”
9
Steve spoke
spontaneously
about these things on the long ride to the dump.
10
“The way most p
eople look at you, you'd think a trashman was a monster. Say hello and they stare
at you in surprise. They don't know we're human.
在开车去很远的垃圾场的路上史蒂夫没等我问，就谈起了这些事。
“人们看你的那种神情，
就好象清洁工是怪物似的。
你要是对他们说声
‘
你 好
’
，
他们就会瞪大眼睛看着你。
他们不知道我们也是人。
11
“One lady had put
ashes
from the fire in her
trashcan.
I said we couldn't take them.
She said, ‘Who
are you to say what goes? You're nothing but a trashman. ' I told her,‘Listen, la
dy, I've got an I. Q. of 137,
and I graduated near the top of my high school class. I do this for the money, not because it's the only
work I can do. '
“
有一位女士把
炉灰
倒进
垃圾箱
里，我说我们无法把炉灰弄出来。她说：
‘
你是什么人，也有资格对我
指手画脚？你只不过是一个垃圾清理工！
’
我 告诉她：
‘
你
听好了，女士，我的智商为
137
点，以我 班几乎
最好的成绩高中毕业。我干这个只不过是为了钱，而不是因为这是我唯一能做的事情。
’
12
“I want to tell them, ‘Look, I am as clean as you are, ' but it wouldn't help. I don't tell
anyone I'm a
trashman. I say I'm a truck driver. My family knows, but my
in-laws
don't. If someone
comes right
out and
asks, ‘D
o you drive for a trash company?' I say yes. I believe
we're doing a service that people need, like
being a police officer or a
fire fighter.
I'm not
ashamed of
it, but I don't
go around boasting about
it either.
“
我真想告诉他们：
‘
嗨，我说，我可是象你们一样 干净。
’
但这不管用。我从不告诉任何人我是一个垃
圾清理工，我把我说成是一个卡车 司机。我的家人知道，但我的
姻亲
不知道。如果友人
直截了当地
问我：
‘
你是为垃圾清理公司开车吗？
’
我就老实告诉他们是。我相信我们干的是人民需要 的一种服务工作，就象
警察或者
消防队员
一样。我并不觉得丢人，但我也不
到 处宣扬
我是清洁工。
13
“A friend of my wife
yelled at
her kid one day when they were
running out to mee
t a trash truck.
‘Stay away from those trashmen. They're dirty. ' I was
angry with
her. ‘They're as
good as we are, 'I told
her. ‘You seem to have a lot of
sympathy for
them, ' she said.‘Yes, I
do.' But I never told her why.”
“
有一次，我妻 子的一位朋友看到她的孩子
跑向
运垃圾的卡车，就对着他们大喊：
‘
离那些清 理工远点。
他们很脏。
’
我对她很生气，跟她说：
‘
他们跟我们一样 。
’
她说：
‘
你好象很同情他们。
’‘
是的，我是很同情他
们。
’
但我始终没有告诉她为什么。
”
14
Our truck was packed full before noon. We drove to the dump, were back on the route by 1
∶
00,
and had finished for the day by 2
∶
00.
不到中午我们的卡车就装满了。我们将垃圾运往垃圾场，一点钟之 前又回到我们的线路上继续干，不到两
点当天的活就干完了。
15
I had planned to stay at this job for only two days. But now I'm going to stay. The exercise is great.
The lifting gets easier with every load, even if my left shoulder
stays sore
. I become faster and
neater
as
time goes by
. I'm outdoors in clean air. And,
contrary to
what people think, I don't get dirty on the job.
我本来计划这个工作只干两天，但我现在决定继续干下去。这种锻炼很好。尽管左 肩
一直疼痛
，但垃
圾桶每扛一次，就变得越容易一些。
随着时间的推移
，我干得越来越快，
越来越利索
。我在户外能呼吸到
清洁的空气，而且，完全与人们 想象不一样的是，这活并没有把我身上弄脏。
16
I have made up my mind, too, to go on saying hello in backyards. It doesn't do any harm,and it still
feels right. Frankly, I'm proud. I'm doing an
essential task
, “li
ke a police officer or
a fire fighter.” I left this
country a little cleaner than I found it this morning. Not many people can say that tonight.
我还决心在后院 里向户主打招呼。这没有任何害处，我仍然觉得这是对的。坦率地说，我感到很骄傲。
我正在做一件很重要的工作
，就象警察和消防队员一样。由于我的工作，我们的国家这会儿比今天早晨更
干净了一些。没有多少人今晚能自豪地这样说。
Gardener has said that a society which praises its
philosophers
and
looks down on
its
plumbers
is
in for
trouble. “Neither its
pipes
nor its theories will
hold water
,” he warns. He
might have
gone a step further
and
called for
respect for both our economists and our trashmen; otherwise they'll both leave trash behind.
约翰
加德纳曾经 说过，
如果一个社会赞扬
哲学家
而
蔑视
管道工
，
那 么这个社会就会
陷入
困境。
“
其
管道
，
其理论，都 会出问题。
”
他警告说。
他完全还可以
进一步
呼吁
社会既尊 重我们的经济学家，又尊重我们的清
洁工，否则二者都会给社会留下垃圾。
Lesson Five
The Day I Was Fat
骂我肥的那一天
Lois Diaz- Talty
Learning Guide
中国有句古话， 不能因人废言。对我们身上的缺点或缺陷，亲朋好友往往视而不见，或因为不愿伤害
我们，而尽量回避。 有时反而是恶意中伤的人道出了我们真
实情况，使我们猛醒。本文作者的一次不愉
快 的经历，改变了她对生活的态度，成了一生的转折点，使她获益匪浅。
1
I was never in great shape. As a child, I was always called
plump
.
way other kids did, and when I made the
cheer-leading squad
in eighth grade it was because I had a big
mouth and a great smile, not because I could do the splits or perform elegant
cartwheels
. Although I
maintained a respectable weight throughout high school, there was always a fat person inside of me just
waiting to
burst onto
the scene.
我的身材一向不苗条。小时侯，人们都说我
“
丰满
”
。 我从来不能象其他孩子那样挺直腰板盘腿而坐。
八年级时，我之所以能当上学校的
拉拉队队员< br>，是因为我有
一副大嗓门，笑得好看，而不是因为我会劈
叉或是会做出漂亮的
侧手翻
。尽管整个中学阶段我的体重还说的过去，但隐藏在我身体内的那个胖墩却一
直 在等着登场呢。
2
Adulthood
, marriage, and
settling down
had bad effects on my weight: I blew up! The fat lady had
finally arrived, saw the welcome
mat
, and moved right in. No one in my family could tell me I was fat.
They knew that I had gained weight, I knew that I had gained weight, and I knew that they knew that I
had gained weight. But to discuss the topic was
out of the question
. Once, my mother said,
pretty to be so heavy
teased
me because we couldn't lie on the couch together anymore, and I just cried and cried. He never
dared to mention it again, but I didn't stop eating.
长大成人
，结婚，过
安定
生活，这一切对我的体重产生了很坏的影响：我一下子像吹气一样鼓了起来。< br>那位胖太太终于来到门口，看着写有
“
欢迎
”
字样的
蹭脚垫< br>，就径直走了进去。我的家里人没有谁说我胖。
他们知道我长胖了，我知道我长胖了，我也知道他 们知道我长胖了。但要谈论这个问题简直是
不可能的
。
有一次，妈妈说：
“< br>你这么漂亮，不显得胖。
”
这还真是我听到的最接近说我胖的话。后来，长沙发已经容< br>不下我丈夫和我两个人同时躺下，他于是
取笑
了我一句，我伤心得
哭了好久。后来他再也不敢提这个事
了，但我还是没有节制饮食。
3.I had just
given birth to
my first child and was at least fifty pounds overweight.
Nonetheless
, I remember
feeling that that time was the greatest time in my life. I had a beautiful new baby, new furniture, a great
husband, and a lovely house. What more could anyone want? Well, I knew what else I wanted: I wanted
to be slim and healthy. I just didn't care enough about myself to stop my eating. I tried to lose weight
every day, but I couldn't get didn't last through lunch, and I got bigger by the day.
我那时刚生下
第一个孩子，体重至少超过正常标准五十磅。
然而
，我记得那段时间是我一 生中最美好的
日子。我有可爱的小宝宝，崭新的家具，体贴的丈夫，漂亮的房子，还要什么呢？噢，我知 道我还想要别
的什么：那就是，要苗条和健康。但我就是太不注意自己的身体，总是不停地吃。我每天都 试着减肥，但
总是开始不
了。早上决心节食，到了午饭又大吃起来，结果变得一天比一天胖。
4
One summer afternoon in 1988, as I was
headed to
the pool with my sister-in- law and our children, I
got into
an argument with a teenager who was driving fast and
tailing
our car. When he nearly ran us off
the road, I turned around and
glared at
him to show my disapproval and my concern for our safety.
Suddenly, we began shouting at each other. He was about 18, with an ugly, red,
swollen
face. The few
teeth he had were yellow and
rotten
. He followed us to the pool and, as he
pulled into
the parking lot
behind us, our argument became heated.
1988
年夏天的一个下午，我、嫂子，还有我们的 孩子驾车去游泳池，路上我与一个十几岁的男孩吵
了起来，因为他开车太快，还紧紧地跟在我们的车后面 。有一回他差一点把我们挤出了马路，我转过头去
瞪着
他，表示我的不满以及对我的安全的担心 。突然，我们互相骂了起来。他大约十八岁，一副丑陋
红肿
的脸孔，几颗牙齿又黄又
烂
。他跟着我们一直跟到游泳池。当他随着我们把车开进停车场时，我们的争吵
变得激烈起来。< br>
5
6
7
When I got out of the car and walked around to get the baby, he laughed to his friend,
She's fat! Go to hell, fat bitch.
8
Once inside the gates to the pool, my sister-in-law advised me to forget the whole
incident.
9
“
你到底要干什么，你这个泼妇？
”
他叫嚷道 。
“
你这个白痴，你怎么开车的？就是要为这事和你评一评理，明
白了吗？
”
我下了车，走到车的另一边去抱小孩下车，这时，他笑着对他的朋友说：
“
啊，你看看 她，简直就是
一个肥婆！去死吧，你这头肥猪！
”
骂完，他们开车走了。进了游泳池的 大门，嫂子叫我不要去想刚才发生的
事
。
“
好了，
”她说：
“
别为了那小子不高兴啦！你没看到他的牙吗？那是个下三烂的家伙。
”< br>
10
But I couldn't get his words out of my mind. They
stung
like a
whip
.
haven't just
put on
a few pounds. I can't get rid of my weight easily. I'm just plain fat.
called me fat before, and it hurt terribly. But it was true.
它们
就象鞭子抽 在
我身上。
“
看来我是胖，
”
我心想。
“
而且不仅 仅是
长胖了
一点点。要把体重降下去可能对我
不是件容易的事。我明显地就是胖。”
以前从没有谁说过我胖，那男孩的话让我非常伤心。但他说的是实话。
that
very
day, as I sat at the pool hoping that nobody would see me in my
bathing
suit, I promised
myself that no one would ever call me fat again. The
hideous
18-year-old idiot had spoken the words that
none of my loved ones had
had the heart to
say even though they were true. Yes, I was fat.
就是在那一天，当我坐在游泳池旁，暗自希望千万别让人看到我穿
泳衣
的样子时，我对自己发誓以后再也不
能让人喊我肥婆了。那个
丑恶的
十八岁的 白痴所说的，正是我的亲人谁也
不愿说破
的实话。我的确是够胖的。
12
From then on
, I
was committed to
shedding the weight and getting into shape. I started a
rigorous
program of running and dieting the very next day. Within months, I joined a gym and
managed to
make
some friends who are still my
workout buddies
. However, in the past seven years, I've done more than
lose weight: I've reshaped my attitude, my lifestyle, and my self-image. Now, I read everything I can
about
nutrition
and health. I'm even considering becoming an
aerobics
instructor. I cook low-fat foods
—
chicken, fish, lean meats, vegetables
—
and I serve my family healthy,
protein-rich
meals prepared with
dietetic ingredients
. The children and I often walk to school, ride bikes,
roller- blade
, and run. Health and
fitness have become
essential to
our household and our lives. But what's really wonderful is that,
sometime between that important day in 1988 and today, my self-image stopped being about how I look
and began being about how I feel. I feel
energetic
, healthy, confident, strong, and pretty.
Ironically
, the
abuse
I
endured
in the parking lot has helped me regain my self-esteem, not just my figure. My body
looks good, but my mind feels great!
从那时起
，我就
下定决心
减肥，重塑体形 。第二天，我就开始了
严格的
跑步和节食计划。随后的几个月
里，我参加了一个健美操 班，在那儿结识了一些朋友，他们今天仍然是我
健身的伙伴
。然而，在过去的七
年中， 我的收获不仅仅是减轻了体重。我的处世态度变了，生活方式变了，对自己的看法也发生了变化。
现在， 有关
营养
和健康方面的书，能找到的我都看。我甚至还在考虑是不是当一名
健美操教练。我做的菜
都是低脂肪的
——
鸡、鱼、瘦肉、蔬菜。我为我的家人准备的都是
富含蛋白质
、有营养、
有利健康的食物
。
我和孩子们经常步行去学校 ，经常骑自行车，
溜旱冰
，还有跑步。对于我的家人和我们的生活来说，健康
和健美已 经变得非常重要。
不过令我感到最为高兴的是，
在
1988
年那个重要的日子 以后不知什么时候开始，
我的自我感受变了，我不再关注我的外在形象，而是注重我的内心感受。我感到
精力充沛
、健康、自信、
强壮、漂亮。
真是没想到
，在停车场
受到
的
辱骂
不仅使我重新有了苗条的身材，还使我恢复了自尊心。现
在我的 体形很棒，精神面貌更棒！
13
I hope that the kid from the pool has had his teeth fixed because I'm sure they were one source of
his misery. If I ever see him again, I won't tell him that he changed my life in such a special way. I won't
let him know that he gave me the greatest gift he could ever give me just by being honest. I won't give
him the satisfaction of knowing that the day he called me fat was one of the best days of my life.
但愿在游泳池旁骂我的 那个男孩现在已把牙治好了，因为我相信他的那副牙是他苦恼的根源之一。如
果我再次见到他，我不会告 诉他是他以这样一种特别的方式改变了我的生活，我也不会让他知道他的一句
实话等于送给了我一份最丰 厚的礼物，
我更不会让他知道他骂我肥婆的那天是我生活中最重要的一天而让
他感到得意。
Lesson Six
Another School Year
—
What For?
John Ciardi
Learning Guide
大学的宗旨是什么？上 大学的目的又是什么？诚然，大学是培养专门人才的摇篮，但是人们往往忽视了
它的另一个重要的作用< br>—
用人类历史上一切先进的思
想、灿烂的文化陶冶学生，使他们不仅成为各个 行
业、领域里的专家，还成为文明社会中教养良好、情操高尚的成员。教育不光是教人要掌握一技之长， 而
且还要教
人如何做人。本文作者希望所有的大学生把眼光放宽、放远，明确自己大学期间的双重任务。
1
Let me tell you one of the earliest disasters in my career as a teacher. It was January of 1940 and I
was
fresh out of
graduate school starting my first semester at a university. A tall boy came into my class,
sat down, folded his arms, and looked at me as if to say:
weeks later we started
Hamlet.
Three weeks later he came into my office with his hands on his hips.
pharmacist
. Why do I have to read this stuff?
book which was lying on the desk.
我来告诉你我的教学生涯中最早的一次令我啼笑皆非的经历。那是
1940
年的一月，我刚刚从研究生
院毕业，开始了在大学第一学期的教学工作。一个高个子男
生来到我的课堂，坐了下来，两臂交叉往胸
前一放，看了我一眼，好象在说：
“
好 吧，你这该死的，教我点东西吧。
”
两个星期后我们开始上《哈姆雷
特》。三个星
期后，他来到我的办公室，两手叉腰。
“
喂，
”
他说，
“
我到这里来是想成为药剂师的。为什
么要我读这玩意儿？
”
他指着桌子上 的那本书。
as I was to
the faculty
, I could have told this boy that he had
enrolled
, not in a technical training
school, but in a university, and that in a university students enroll for both training and education. I tried to
put it this way.
average out
to about twenty-four
hours. For eight of these hours, more or less, you will be asleep, and I suppose you need neither education
nor training to get you through that
third
of your life.
虽然我是一名新
教师
，我 也完全可以告诉这名学生，他现在
进入
的是大学而不是技术培训学校，在大学里
学生接 受的是教育而不仅仅是培训。
我试着向他这样解释：
“
你的一生中，每天
平均
二十四小时，
其中大约
有八个小时要睡觉，我想这
三分之一
的时间， 你既不需要培训也不必受教育。
3
have gone through
pharmacy
school
—
or engineering, or law school, or whatever
—
during those eight
hours you will be using your professional skills. You will see to it during this third of your life that the
cyanide
stays out of the
aspirin
, that the
bull
doesn't jump the
fence
, or that your client doesn't go to the
electric chair
as a result of
your
incompetence
.These involve skills every man must respect, and they
can all bring you good basic satisfactions. Along with everything else, they will probably be what
provides food for your table, supports your wife, and rears your children. They will be your income, and
may it always be
sufficient
.
“
然后，每个工作 日的另外八个小时里，你将从事有用的职业。假设你读完了
药学
院，或是工学院，法学
院还是别的什么学院，在工作的八小时里你将应用你的专业技能。在你生命的这三分之一的时间里，当药
剂师你的责任就是不把
氰化钠
弄到
阿司匹林
里去，当工程师就不能让工程失控 ，当律师就要做到你的当事
人不会因为你
不称职
而上电椅。所有这些都涉及到人人都必 须尊重的技能，这些技能能满足你最基本的需
求。除了满足其它的需求之外，你所从事的职业将是你养家 糊口的经济
来源。这些职业是你收入的来源，
愿你的收入永远
够
用。
4
—
with the other
third of your life? Let's say you go home to your family. What sort of family are you raising? Will the
children ever
be exposed to
a
profound
idea at home? We all think of ourselves as citizens of a great
civilization. Civilizations can exist, however, only as long as they remain
intellectually alive
. Will you be
head of a family that maintains some basic
contact with
the great
continuity
of
civilized intellect
? Or is
your family life going to be merely beer on ice? Will there be a book in the house? Will there be a painting?
Will your family be able to speak English and to talk about an idea.? Will the kids ever get to hear
Bach
?
< br>“
但是在你完成你的工作之后，
还有另外八小时的时间，
也就是说你生命中的另 外三分之一的时间你怎
么度过？比如说你回到家与你的家人呆在一起，那么你要把
你 的子女培养成什么样的人？孩子们在家里
能接触到
深邃的
思想吗？我们都自认为我们是 伟大文明社会的成员，然而文明只有保持其
创造性
，才能存
在。将来你成为一家之主的 时候，你的家庭是否对
整个人类文明思想
有起码的了解？或者你下班回到家之
后，是不 是在家里只知道喝冰镇啤酒？你家里有书吗？有画吗？你的家人能
不能说英语？能不能就一个
话题发表意见？你的孩子能不能有机会听到
巴赫
的音乐？
”
5
That is
about what I said
, but this boy was not interested.
kids your way; I'll take care of my own. Me, I'm out to make money.
6
in need of
something to do
when you're not signing checks.
我说的大致是这些
，可是那个学生根本就不感兴趣。“
得，
”
他说，
“
你们这些教授按你们的办法教育小
孩 ，我的孩子我管。我呀，我要挣大钱。
”
“
我希望你能挣到很多钱，
”
我对他说，
“
因为你要是不赚钱去买
东西就会难受的。
”
7
Fourteen years later, I am still teaching, and I am here to tell you that the business of the college is
not only to train you, but to put you in touch with what the best human minds have thought. If you have
no time for Shakespeare, for a basic look at
philosophy,
for the fine arts, for that lesson of man's
development we call history then you have no business being in college. You are on your way to being
the
mechanized
savage, the
push-button
savage.
十四年过去了，我仍然在教书。在这里我仍要给你说的是，大 学的任务不仅仅是对你进行培训，还
要向你介绍人类最伟大人物的思想。如果你不愿抽出时间读莎士
比亚的作品，学点最基础的哲学，学点
艺术，学点我们称为历史的人类发展过程，那么你 就不该来上大学。你就会成为一个
机械化的
野蛮人，一
个
只会按按钮的
野蛮人。
8
No one becomes a human being
unaided
. There is not time enough in a single lifetime to invent for
oneself everything one needs to know in order to be a civilized human.
谁也不可能在
没有人的帮助 下
就能成为一个文明人。要是全靠自己去创造成为文明人所应有的一切知
识，一辈子的时间也是 不够的。
9
Any of you who managed to stay awake through part of a high school course in
physics
knows more
about physics than did many of the great
scientists
of the past. You know more because they left you
what they knew. The first course in any science is essentially a history course. You have to begin
learning what the past learned for you.
你们今天的年轻人，只要在中学的物理课上没有睡觉，比过去许多伟大 的科学家都懂得的多。你之所
以比他们懂得的多是因为他们把他们的知识留给了你。任何一门科学的第一 课实质上都是历史课，因为刚
开始你必须学习前人已经获取并流传给你的知识。
10.
This is true of
the techniques of mankind. It is also true of mankind's spiritual resources. Most of these
resources, both technical and spiritual, are
stored in
books. When you have read a book, you have added to
your human experience. Read
Homer
and your mind includes a piece of Homer's mind. Through books you
can
acquire
at least
fragments
of the mind and experience of Virgil, Dante, Shakespeare
—
the list is
endless. For a great book is necessarily a gift; it offers you a life you have not time to live yourself, and it
takes you into a world you have not the time to travel in
literal time
. A civilized mind is one that contains
many such lives and many such worlds. If you are too much in a hurry, or too proud of your own limitations,
to accept as a gift to your humanity some pieces of the minds of Aristotle or Einstein, then you are neither a
developed human nor a useful citizen of a civilization.
人类技术的发展是如此，人类精神财富的积累也是如此。这些财富，不管是技术方面的，还 是精神
方面的，大都
储存在
书本里。多读一本书，你就多增加一份经
验。读一读荷马的史诗，你的头脑里就有
了一些荷马的思想。通过读书，你至少能获得维吉尔、但丁、 莎士比亚等无数前人的
一点点
思想火花与人
生经验，因为一部
伟大 的著作就是一份厚礼，它使你经历你一生中没有时间去亲身经历的生活，把你带
到一个你在
现实 中
没有时间去遨游的世界。一个文明人的头脑里包含着许许多多
这样的生活经历和这 样
的世界。如果你匆匆忙忙急着去赚钱，或者对自己有限的知识而自鸣得意，从而把亚里士多德或者爱因 斯
坦的思想这个提高你的品德修养的礼
物拒之门外，那么你既不是一个发展到成熟阶 段的人，也不是一个
文明社会有用的成员。
11.I say that a university has no real existence and no real purpose except as it succeeds in putting you in
touch, both as specialists and as humans, with those human minds your human mind needs to include.
我认为，要是一所大学不能使你们学生无论作为专门人才还是普通人，去 接触你们的头脑应该有的那些
大师们的思想，那么，这所大学就没有真正的办学宗旨，也就没有存在的必 要了。
Lesson Seven
The Great Idea of Mr. Budd (
Ⅰ
)
Dorothy L. Sayers
Learning Guide
巴德先生在伦敦开了一家不起眼的理发店，生意还算得过去。自从对面 的女士美发厅开业以来，巴德
先生理发店的顾客就越来越少了，看到对手的店里总是门庭
若市，他实在是忿忿不平。论手艺，他比对
手强得多，尤其是他那染发的绝艺，那是多年潜心钻研的 结果，现在却无用武之地。日子不好过，巴德先
生时刻留心有什
么挣钱的机会。一天 ，报上一则悬赏缉拿一名杀人嫌疑犯的消息引起了他的注意。这可
是一个机会
……
1
￡
500 REWARD
Evening Messenger has decided to offer the above reward to any person who gives information
which
results in
the arrest of William Strickland, who is wanted by the police
in connection with
the murder
of Emma Strickland in Manchester.
悬赏< br>500
英镑
,
威廉
·
斯特里克兰
因
涉嫌发生 在曼彻斯特的埃玛
·
斯特里克兰谋杀案受到警方的通缉，
《晚
间信 使报》向任何一位提供线索
能使
警方逮捕威廉
·
斯特里克兰的人奖励以上所设 的赏金。
3
DESCRIPTION OF THE WANTED MAN
4
This is the official description of William Strickland: Age forty- three; height about six feet one inch;
thick silver-grey hair, which may be dyed; full grey beard, but may now have been
shaved off;
light grey
eyes; large nose; strong white teeth, of which some are filled with gold; left
thumbnail
damaged by a
recent
blow
.
嫌疑犯的特征
.
这是官方提供的对威廉
·
斯特里克兰特征的描述：四十三岁；身高六英尺一 英寸；头
发浓密，银灰色，有可能染发；络腮胡，灰色，但可能已
刮掉
；浅灰色眼睛； 大鼻子；大白牙，有几颗用
黄金镶填过；左手
大拇指指甲
最近受到
损伤
。
. Budd read the description carefully. There were hundreds of barbers' shops in London. It was unlikely
that William Strickland would choose his small shop for a haircut, a shave or even to have his hair dyed.
Three weeks had passed since the murder, and it seemed
very probable
that William Strickland had already
left the country. But
in spite of
this Mr. Budd
memorised
the description as well as possible. There was a
chance. These were difficult times for Mr. Budd, and he was
attracted by
any opportunity of making money.
巴德先生认真地 看完了对嫌疑犯特征的描述。
在伦敦有几百家理发店，
威廉
·
斯特 里克兰不太可能选他
的这家小理发店理发、修面、染发。谋杀案已发生三个星期了，威廉
·斯特里克兰
很可能
已经离开英国。但
即使这样，巴德先生还是尽可能
< br>地记住了嫌疑犯的特征。毕竟还是有机会的。近来巴德先生的日子不好
过，任何挣钱的机会对他来 说都是很有吸引力的。
6
It may seem strange that, in an age when it was fashionable for ladies to have their hair styled, Mr.
Budd should
search for
opportunities of making money. But recently a new
Department
to make appointments.
Day after day
, Mr. Budd watched them going in and out of the
rival
shop and
hoped that some of them would
come over to
him; but they never did.
And yet
Mr. Budd knew that he
was the better hairdresser. He had studied especially the art of hair-dyeing, and it made him quite angry
to see the careless way in which his rival did this particular branch of his work.
女士们去发 廊做头发已经成为时尚，在这样的时代里，巴德先生却仍要寻找机会挣钱，这件事看来还真
有些不可思议 。
可是前不久对面新开了一家
“
女士美发
厅
”
，
结果这家美发厅总是不断地有许许多多的年轻
女士们去预约。
日复一日
，巴德 先生看着她们从他的
竞争对手
那里出出进进，他是多么希望她们当中有些
人会到他的理 发店里来啊，但她们从没来过。
然而
巴德先生心里却明白他的理发技术要比对手强。他专门学过染发这门技艺，看到他的对手马马虎虎地干着他特别擅长的活，他很是生气。
7
Mr. Budd put the newspaper down and, as he did so, caught sight of his face in the was not
the sort of man who catches a violent murderer by himself. Even with a
razor
, he would
be no match for
William Strickland, who had murdered his old aunt so violently. Mr. Budd shook his head doubtfully and
walked towards the door to watch the busy shop opposite.
As he did so
, he nearly
ran into
a large man
who suddenly came in through the doorway.
巴德先生放下报纸，这时他在镜中看到了自己 的脸。他可不是单枪匹马就能抓获一个凶狠杀人犯的那种
人。即使是拿着
刮胡刀
，他也不是威廉
·
斯特里克兰的对手，那可是残杀了自己老姑妈的家伙呢。
巴德先生
摇了摇头，
对于自己能否对付得了威廉
·
斯特里克兰一点也没有把握。
他向门口走去，
看到对面的理发店很
是红火。
就在这时
，他差点
撞 上
了一位突然闯进来的高个子男子。
8
shave, sir?
9
The large man quickly took off his coat.
fiercely.
“
对不起，先生。
”巴德先生客气地说，他不想失去挣钱的机会。
“
修面吗，先生？
”
高个子 男子很快脱去了
外套。
“
想死吗？
”
他
凶狠
很地问。
11
The question was so close to Mr. Budd's thoughts about murder that for a moment he was quite
frightened.
这个问题与巴德先生想到的谋杀案如 此贴近，他一时被吓呆了。
“
对不起，先生，您说什么？
”
他好不容易
开口问道。
“
染发吗？
”
那人不耐烦地说。
“
噢，
”
巴德先生松了一口气，
“
是的，先生，当然。
”
15
This was
a stroke of luck
. He could get a good price for dyeing.
and allowing Mr. Budd to
put a cloth about his neck
.
like red hair. I thought that perhaps it could be changed to something less noticeable. Dark brown is the
colour that she would like. What do you think?
真走运
，
染发的价格可比别的高。
“
好，
”
那人说着坐了下来，
让巴德先生 在他的脖子上围了一块罩布。
“
老
实说，是我的未婚妻不喜欢我的红头发，我想，也许 可以把头发染成某种不显眼的颜色。深褐色是她喜欢
的颜色，你觉得怎么样？
”
16
Mr. Budd, in the interests of business, agreed that dark brown would be very s, it was
very likely that there was no young lady. When a man is going to do something foolish he prefers, if
possible,
to put the responsibility on to
someone else.
为了做成这笔生 意，巴德先生随声附和地说深褐色挺好。再说，也许他根本就没有什么未婚妻。一个人要
是执意要做什么 蠢事，只要可能，他总喜欢
把责任推到
别人身上。
17.
carry on
. And I'm afraid that the beard must go. My young lady
doesn't like beards.
man
sat back,
and Mr. Budd noticed strong, well-kept teeth, one of which was filled with gold.
“
那很好，
”
那人说。< br>“
开始染吧。还有，恐怕胡子也得刮掉。我的未婚妻不喜欢胡子。
”
那人很舒适地靠到椅子上，这时巴德注意到他那保养得挺好的坚固牙齿，不过其中一颗是镶了金的。
19
—
?
20
—
well the fact is that my young lady is much younger than I am. You
can see that my hair began to go grey early in my life and so I had it she doesn't really like the
colour. I should change it to a colour she does like, eh?
“
先生，我看你以前曾经染过发，
”
巴德先生说。
“
你能不能告诉 我
……
？
”
“
嗯？
”那人说。
“
噢，是的。我的未婚妻比我年轻许多。你能看到我的头发很早就变成了灰白色， 所以我把
它染了。可她并不喜欢这种颜色。我应该把它染成她喜欢的颜色，对不对？
”
21
Mr. Budd got from the man the name of the dye which had been used before and decided that he
would have to be careful. Some dyes do
not mix well with
other dyes. He shaved off the beard. He
washed the hair and then began to dry it. Meanwhile, he talked about sport and politics, and passed on
naturally to the Manchester murder.
巴德先生从这位顾客那里了解到他以前使 用过的染发剂的名称，决定要小心操作。有的染发剂与别的染发
剂
不太相融
。他刮胡子 ，洗头发，然后又开始把头发吹干。与此同时，他聊起了体育、政治，随后话题很自
然地转到了曼彻斯特 谋杀案。
22
23
24
25
26
in despair
,
“
警方好象觉得
没有希望
，已经放弃了。
”
那人说
“
没准赏金能起些作用呢，
”
巴德先生仍然在想着这件事，
说道。< br>“
噢，还有赏金？我可从没看到过。
”“
在这份晚报上，先生。你想看看吗？< br>”“
谢谢，是的，想看看。
”
27
Mr. Budd
fetched
the Evening Messenger. The stranger read the article carefully and Mr. Budd,
watching him in the mirror, saw him suddenly
pull back
his left hand, which had been resting carelessly
on the arm of the chair. But
not before
Mr. Budd had seen the
misshapen
thumbnail.
巴德先生
取来
《晚间信使报》。陌生人仔细地读着文章，巴德先生就从镜子里观察他，看到他把原来随意
放在椅子扶手上的左手突然缩了回去。但是
在此之前
巴德先生已经看到了他拇指
残缺的
指甲。
28
The man looked up sharply and Mr. Budd saw his eyes watching him closely in the mirror. He was
examining Mr. Budd's face to find out how much he knew.
那人猛然抬起头来，巴德先生发现他的眼睛从镜子里紧盯着自己。他在仔细地观察巴德先生的表情，想
弄明白巴德先生到底知道了多少底细。
29
reward too late, I think.
many men who had a damaged left thumb also had an upper tooth filled with gold.
“
毫无疑问，
”
巴德先生说，
“
这个人现在已经安然逃离英国。
我想，
他们提供的赏金太晚了。
”
那人笑了起来。
“
我想也是，
”
他说。巴德先生心下琢磨，左手拇指有伤同 时又有一颗上牙镶了金的人能有多少。
Lesson Eight
The Great Idea of Mr. Budd (
Ⅱ
)
Dorothy L. Sayers
Learning Guide
巴德先生断定他的顾客就是通缉犯。怎 么办
?
他完全可以让那个杀人凶手染完发之后，安然离开，但
那不是他的初衷，他决意 拿到赏金。跑出去叫人，不可行。
用刮胡子刀逼他就范，看来也行不通。前人
的一句 名言
知识就是力量
使他茅塞顿开。他那高超的染发技术，不仅帮助警方将嫌疑 犯捉拿归案，还意
想不到地使他
的生意从此红火起来。他用的是什么绝技呢？
1
Mr. Budd finished drying the man's head and began to
comb
the hair which nature had never, never
made such a deep red.
巴德先生为那人 吹干了头，开始
梳理
他的头发，那种深红色绝不可能是头发天生的颜色。
2.
I'm afraid that I'll keep you late.
in the least.
你尽量快点，行不行？
”
那人 和颜悦色，但又有点不耐烦地说。
“
天已不早了，我怕耽误你下班。
”
“
哪里，先生，
”
巴德先生说。
“
没关系，一点
也没关系。
”
4
No
—
if he tried to rush out of the door, this terrible man would
jump on
him,
drag
him back and break
his head open as he had done to his aunt.
不行，要是他试图冲出门外，这个凶 狠的家伙一定会
扑上来
，把他
拽
回去，然后象对待他姑妈那样，叫
他 的脑袋也开花。
5
But Mr. Budd was certainly in a position of advantage. A determined man would be out in the street
before the man could get out of the chair. Mr. Budd began to move round
cautiously
towards the door.
不过， 巴德先生肯定处于优势。他要是行动果断，完全可以在那人还没来得及站起来之前，就冲到大街上
了。巴 德先生
小心翼翼地
转过身，开始慢慢向门口挪动。
6
7
obediently
.
8
“
怎么啦？
”
那人问。
“
我 想出去看看几点钟了，先生。
”
巴德先生一边说着，一边
乖乖地
停了下来。< br>
“
是八点二十五分，
”
那人说，
“
把你 弄得这么晚，我会多付钱的。
”
9
attempt
.Was it really
too late? He could take a
razor
, go up quietly behind the
unsuspecting
man and say in a firm, loud voice:
walk straight out to the nearest policeman. But couldn't seriously believe that the attempt would
succeed. If he held the razor to the man's throat and said,
seize
him by the
wrist
and take the razor away.
“
先生，您不必。
”
巴德先生说。已经太晚了。他不能再做一次< br>尝试
。真的太晚了吗？他可以拿着刮胡刀，
悄悄地走到没有起任何疑心的那位男子后面， 用坚定而又宏亮的声音说：
“
威廉
·
斯特里克兰，举起手来，你的性命在我的手里。站起来，让我缴了你的枪。现在，你径直走出去，走到附近最近的警察那里去。
”
不过，巴德先生不可能真的认为这一招能奏效。假如他拿着刮胡刀逼住那人的咽喉，说：
“
举起手来！
”
那
人很可能会抓住他的
手腕
，把刮胡刀夺走。
10
Mr. Budd told himself that he didn't have to arrest the man.
—
those were the words. It was at this moment that Mr. Budd had his Great Idea.
11
As he
fetched
a bottle from
the glass- fronted case
, he remembered with great clearness, an old
wooden paper-knife that had belonged to his mother. On the handle had been painted the words
巴德先生想他不一定非要自己去抓捕那个人 。
“
提供情况使警方抓捕到此人
”——
通告是这样说的。就在
这一刻 ，巴德先生突然想起了一个绝妙的主意。当他从
正面镶有玻璃的架子
上
取
一只 瓶子时，他清楚地记
起了曾经属于他母亲的一把旧木制裁纸刀，刀柄上漆着这样几个字
——“< br>知识就是力量。
”
12
Mr. Budd experienced a strange feeling of freedom and confidence. He made light conversation as
he skilfully dyed the man's hair dark brown.
The streets were less crowded when Mr. Budd let him out.
He watched the tall figure cross the square and
get onto
a bus.
巴德 先生突然奇妙地感到一种说不出来的轻松和自信。他一边跟顾客闲聊着，一边小试身手巧妙地把他
的头发 染成深褐色
.
当巴德先生送他出门时，街上的行人少了许多。他看着那个高个子背影穿过广场 ，上
了公共汽车。
man at the police headquarters didn't take Mr. Budd seriously at first when he demanded to see
earnestly
to say that he had information
about the Manchester murder, and that there was no time to waste, he allowed him to pass through.
巴德 先生感到警察局，要求见一位
“
重要人物
”
，起先，警察局的人并没把他当一 回事。但当这位小个子
理发师急切地说他要提供曼彻斯特谋杀案的线索，并且时间紧迫时，就立刻给他放 行。
15
Mr. Budd told his story to an important-looking officer, who listened very politely and made him
repeat the bits about the tooth which was filled with gold, the thumbnail and the hair which had been
black before it was grey or red and which was now dark brown.
巴德先生把情况告诉给了一位看上去很重要的警官，警官非常有礼貌地倾听着 ，又让他把关键的部分再
说了一遍：镶填的金牙，受损的指甲，以及原来是黑色，后来变得花白，再后来 染成红色，现在已经变成
深褐色的头发。
16
He
crushed
his soft hat into a ball as he
leaned
across the table and explained the Great Idea that
he had had.
—< br>z-z-z
—
tzee
—
z-z
—
tzee
—
z-z
—
.
说着说着巴德先生不知不觉地把他的那顶软帽子捏成了一团
，身子向桌子对面
靠
去，道出他的妙计。
“
吱
……
吱
……
吱
……”
18
The message
flashed to
ships all round the coast of Britain, to harbours and police centres in
England, France, Holland, Germany, Denmark and Norway, and the people in them heard, with laughter
and excitement, the story of Mr. Budd's Great Idea.
消息
迅速传到
英国海滨所有的船只，传到英国、法国、荷兰、德国、丹麦和 挪威所有的港口和警局。那
里的人们听了巴德先生的妙计后，哈哈大笑，感到十分新奇。
19
The Miranda reached Ostend at 7 a.m. A man
burst into
the
cabin
where the radio officer was just
finishing his work.
Captain's sent for the police.
晚上七点，米兰达号轮船抵达奥斯坦德港。一个人
冲进
报务员的
船 舱
，报务员正准备下班。
“
给！
”
他喊道，
“
把这电报发出去。出事了，船长已经叫了警察。
”
officer turned to his radio. A message started
on its way to
the English police. .
police is on board. Has locked himself in cabin and refuses to come out. Is demanding that a hairdresser
be sent to him. We have been
in touch with
Ostend police. Waiting for orders.
报务员回到发报机前，一条消息发向英国警方。
“
你方所述 之人在我船上，把自己锁在船舱里不愿出来。
他要求给他请个理发师。我们已经跟奥斯坦德警方联系。等 待命令。
”
23
The captain, with five
sailors
, went to first-class cabin number 36. The passenger inside could be
heard walking
up and down
the narrow cabin, moving things and knocking them over. Soon, six
Belgian
policemen arrived.
船长 带着五名
船员
来到头等舱
36
号。
可以听到乘客在狭小的舱室里来回 走动，
搬动弄翻室内物品的声音。
不一会，六名
比利时
警察赶到了。
24
28
The voice was full of relief.
alone, please, I
—
I have had an accident.
“
准备好了吗？
”
“
准备好了。
”
船长敲了敲门。
“
谁？
”
里面的人恶狠狠地问
“
先生，你要的理 发师到
了。
”“
哦！
”
里面的人松了一口气，
“
叫 他一个人进来。我
——
我遇到了一些麻烦。
”“
好的，先生。
”
31
At the sound of the lock being turned, the captain stepped forward. The door opened a little and was
quickly pushed to again, but the captain had
stuck
his boot between it and the
doorpost
. The policemen
rushed forward. There was a shout and a shot, which went harmlessly through the window, and the
passenger was brought out.
一听到锁的转动声，船长立刻跨上 前去。门打开了一条缝，很快又关上了，但是船长已经将他穿着长筒靴
的一只脚插到了门与
门框
之间。警察冲进船舱。只听到有人叫了一声，紧接着听到有枪响，不过子弹飞出
了窗外，没有伤 着人。最后，那乘客被带了出来。
32
Green!
“
天哪！
”
船上的服务员叫了起来。“
他一夜之间变成绿的了。
”
绿的！
光泽-
光泽-
光泽-
光泽-
光泽-
光泽-
光泽-
光泽-
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