哭出来loving and hating new york课后练习答案

2021年1月21日发(作者：大端)
Loving and Hating New York
练习题
答案
/answer
Ⅰ
.


1. Olmsted : Frederick Law Olmsted Jr. ( 1870 -- 1975 ), American
landscape architect. A Harvard graduate (1894),he studied under his father,
Fredcrick Law Olmsted, and began practice as landscape architect in 1895. He
was landscape architect for the Metropolitan Park System of Boston,
1898--1920; Baltimore Park and Park Commission, 1902--1917; member of
the National Capital Park and Planning Commission in 1929, and again from
1945. He acted in consulting capacity for and designed portions of the parks or
other public improvements of many towns and cities and numerous instiutions,
land subdivisions, and private properties. Among his designs in Washington
D.C. were those for Rock Creek and Ana-costia Parks, the Mall, and the White
House grounds. He wrote numerous articles and reports on professional
subjects.

2. Bach. John Sebastian Bach (1685--1750),German composer and organist,
one of the greatest and most influential composers of the Western World. He
brought poly- phonic baroque music to its culmination, creating masterful and
vigorous works in almost every musical form known in his period. Born into a
gifted family, Bach was devoted to music from childhood; he was taught by his
father and later by his brother Johann cristoph. His education was acquired
largely through independent studies.

Since few of Bach's many works were published in his lifetime, exact dates
cannot be fixed for all of them, but most can be placed with some certainty in
the periods of his life. At Arnstadt and Miihlhausen he began a series of organ
compositions that culminated in the great works of the Weimar period; the
Passacaglia and Fugue in C Mi-nor. At Cothen he concentrated on
instrumental compositions, especially keyboard works: the Chromatic Fantasy
and Fugue; the English Suites; and Book I of the celebrated 7
Well-Tempered-Clavier. He also wrote several un- accompainied violin
Sonatas and cellosuites, and the Brandenburg Concertos, recognised as the
best concertigrossiever composed. As musical director of St Thomas atLeipzig,
he composed many of his superb religious compositions, the Christmas
Oratorio, the St. ]~lat hew Passion, etc. The principal keyboard works of this
period were Book
Ⅱ

of The Well-Tempered Clavier and the four books of
clavier pieces in the Clavier Cibung, which includes: six partitas (1726 --1731)~
the Italian Concerto and the Partita in B minor (1735)~ and the Goldberg
Variations.


The bulk of his work is religious. In addition, he composed an astonising
number of instrumental works, many of them designed for the instruction of his
numerous pupils. In his instrumental and choral works he perfected the art of
polyphony, displaying an unmatched combination of inventiveness and control
in his great, striding fugues. During his lifetime, Bach was better known as an
organist than as a composer. For decades after his death his works were
neglected, but in the 19th century his genius came to be recognized,
particularly by romantic composers such as Mendelssohn and Schumann.
Since that time his reputation has grown steadily.

Ⅱ
.

1. N0, his hometown is Seattle, a seaport in west central Washington State
on Puget Sound. See paragragh 4.

2. These signs show that New York is no longer the leading city in the United
States.

3. New York no longer begets the styles and sets the is no longer a
paeesetter.

4. Other cities have buildings more inspired architecturally. The center of
music and sports have also shifted to other cities. As a tourist attraction it is
inferior to New Orlcans, San Francisco, Washington or Disneyland. Finally,
there are many beter cities to live in than New York.

5. The Europeans call New York their favorite city because they like its
cosmopolitan complexities, its surviving European standards and its alien
mixtures. Perhaps some of these are reassured by the international names of
jewelers, shoe stores and designer shops. But what most excites Europeans is
the city's charged, nervous atmosphere, its vulgar dynamism.

6. Tim writer went to New York because he likes to live there and he could
practice the kind of journalism he wanted in that city.

7. The young people go to New York to test themselves and to avoid giving
in to the most banal and marketable of their talents. In New York they also find
the company of many other young people similarly fleeing from the constricting
atmosphere of smaller cities.

8. New York is still the banking and communications head- quarters for
America. The networks' news centres, the largest book publishers, the biggest
magazines, the ad agencies are all here, appraising and ratifying the films, the
plays, the music, the books that others have created.

9. Newcomers can find or form their little groups and, though these groups
lie close to each other, there is no contact or intercourse between groups. This
gives the city its sense of freedom.

10. Despite all the faults of the city, a New Yorker still prefers to live in New
York because he prefers the unhealthy hassle and vitany of urban life. What he
finds attractive about New York is its rawness, tension, urgency; its bracing
competitiveness the rigor of its judgements; and the congested, democratic
presence of so many other New Yorkers, encased in their own worlds.

11. It is in fact the first truly international metropolits because here one finds
a much wider mixture of nationalities Asians, Africans, Latins and all varieties
of Europeans.

Ⅲ
.

article is a piece of expository writing. The main theme or thesis is
stated by the title
first sent
ence of the last paragraph: “Loving and hating New York becomes a
matter of alternating moods, often in the same day.

2. Griffith develops his main thesis by both objective and emotional
description of New York and the life and struggle of New Yorkers. It is very
effective. (See the answer to 4.)

3. This article is full of American English terms, phrases and constructions.
Such as T-shirt, hassle, plush, holdout, comeback, putdown, measure up,
expense-account, etc.

4. The writer states that he both loves and hates New York, but the reader
fails to see where or why he hates New York. It is clear that Griffith loves New
York and feels exhilarated living there. He may sometimes feel exasperated
but this feeling is never strong enough to turn to hate. The writer shows his
love for New York with the words such as energy, contention striving, etc.

5. The first five paragraphs act as a general introduction, set- ting forth the
present status of New York city in the Unit- ed States and in the eyes of
foreigners. The last sentence of paragraph 5 also acts as a transition to the

atmosphere, its vulgar dynamism


6. The topic sentence of paragraph 8 is the first sentence.
pleasures are much qualified in New York.
develop this paragraph and to back up the statement made in the topic
sentence.

7. In New York, a shrewd understanding or ability to appraise things is
appreciated and paid for, and skill and learning by themselves are not
considered valuable. 8. Free. Student’s choice.


Ⅳ
.

1. Nowadays New York cannot understand nor follow the taste of the
American people.

2. New York boasts that it is a city that resists the prevailing trends (styles,
fashion)of America.

3. Situation comedies made in Hollywood and the actual performance of
Johnny Carson now replace the scheduled radio



and TV programs for California.

4. New York is regaining somewhat its status as a city that attracts tourists.

5. A person who wins in New York is constantly disturbed by fear and
anxiety (because he is afraid of losing what he has won in the fierce
competition).

6. The chance to enjoy the pleasures of nature is very limited.

7. At night the city of New York is aglow with lights and seems proudly and
haughtily to darken the night sky.

8. But a pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohemian life style can be
exaggerated.

9. In both these roles of banking and communications head- quarters, New
York starts or originates very few things but gives its stamp of approval to
many things created by people in other parts of the country.

10. The television generation was constantly and strongly influenced by
extravagant promotional advertising.

11. Authors writing long serious novels earn their living in the meantime by
also writing articles for popular magazines.

12. Broadway, which seemed unable to resist the cheap, gaudy shows put
on in the surrounding areas, is once again busy and active.

13. (If you tell a New Yorker about the vigor of outdoor pleasures, he will
reply that) he prefers the unhealthy turmoil and animated life of a city.

14. Those who failed in the struggle of life, the down-and-outs, are not
hidden away in slums or ghettoes where other people can't see them.

15. New York constantly irritates and annoys very much but at times it also
invigorates and stimulates.

Ⅴ
. See the translation of the text.

Ⅵ
.

1. holdout: (Americanism) a place that holds out; hold out= continue
resistance; stand firm; not yield

2. live: transmitted during the actual performance

3. charged : tense intense

4. put- down: (American slang) a belittling remark or crushing retort

5. foothold: a secure position from which it is difficult to be dislodged

6. measure up: (Americanism) prove to be competent or qualified

7. jingle: a verse that jingles; jingling arrangement of words or syllables

8. expense- account. (Americanism) an arrangement whereby certain
expenses of an employee in connection with his work are paid for by his