vietnamese-payment
法律英语句子结构的理解与翻译
法律英语的句子结构特点之一是句式冗长 ,
往往出现从句套从句的现象,
一个长句包含
了一连环的若干个从句,中间还有插入语 。翻译好这样的长句,主要采用“切割法”
,即在
原文句子中的主从句连接处、连词处、关系代 词处切断。翻译时,首先要着重理解原文,要
耐心读懂长句,
分析长句中各意群的关 系,
然后按意群,
并按其逻辑关系,
译成汉语分句,
使译入语结构层次分明, 意思连贯,语言通顺,逻辑性强。
例
原文
Now
the
Condition
of
the
above-written
Guarantee
is
such
that
if
the
Contractor
shall duly perform and observe all the terms provisions conditions and stipulations of the said
Contract
on
the
Contractor
’
s
part
to
be
performed
and
observed
in
accordance
with
the
true
purport intent and meaning thereof or if on default by the Contractor the Guarantor shall satisfy
and
discharge
the
damages
sustained
by
the
Employer
thereby
up
to
the
amount
of
the
above-written Guarantee then this obligation shall be null and void but otherwise shall be and
remain in full force and effect but no alteration in terms of the said Contractor or in the extent or
nature of the Works to be executed, completed and defects in the Works remedied thereunder
and
no
allowance
of
time
by
the
Employer
of
the
Engineer
under
the
said
Contract
nor
any
forbearance or forgiveness in or in respect of any matter or thing concerning the said Contract of
the part of the Employer or the said Engineer shall in any way release the Guarantor from any
liability under the above-written Guarantee.
注解
1)
这句话由
170
多个词 构成,
中间只有了一逗号,
由
if
,
or, but
等连词把几层意思
连成
一个整体。
为了便于分析、
阐述,
现将原句切分成几部分,
简称各部分为
A
、
B
、C
、
D
。
2)
句子的
A
部分:
“
Now the Condition of the above- written Guarantee is such that
”
,是
句子的主要部分,比较简单,除
above-written
及
Such t hat
为法律英语用词外,其它部分与
普通英语表达别无两样。
在英语里用定冠词the
有限定作用,
限定
Guarantee
,
但法律语言
为了更明确限定
Guarantee
,又以
above- written
分词短语作强调限定。
Such
也是进一步限
定< br>that
引起的表语从句,
在法律英语中常用
Such that
来引导表
语从句。
在翻译时,
应把上
述限定的语 气译出来,可译成:
“上述保证书”
,
“规定如下”
。
3)B
部分即第一个
if
从句
:
“
if the Contractor shall duly perform and observe all the terms
provisions
conditions
and
stipulations
of
the
said
Contract
on
the
Contractor
’
s
part
to
be
performed and observed in accordance with the true purport intent and meaning thereof
”
,句
中
shall
是法律英语用词,在这里表明主语
the Contractor
应尽责任。句中又以
perform and
observ e
两个并列动词,
对主语行为职责规定得非常清楚,
在翻译时,
也要把其含义 译出来,
可译成:
“应切实履行并遵守”
。句子的后半部分以
of
the
said
Contract
来限制
terms
provisions conditions and stipulations
后,又补以
on the
Contractor
’
s part to be performed
and observed
把责任限定到合同中规定的承包人一方所要履行和遵守的所有条款 、
条件及规
定,继而又以
in accordance with the true intent and meaning thereof
明确提出承包人履行这
些条款、条件及规定的根据:
就以三个介词短语和一个不定式短语把前后两部分严密组织
在一起,把承包人对于
合同应承担的责任作为此保证书有效的一个条件讲得清清楚楚,翻
译时,应注意年
< br>证对原文文体的适应性原则,译好上述三个短语的严密结构,不必苛求短
句。句中的
th ereof
为法律英语用词,这里意为
of the Contract
。
4)
C
部分原文是:
“
or
if
on
default
by
the
Contractor
the
Guarantor
shall
satisfy
and
discharge
the
damages
sustained
by
the
Employer
thereby
up
to
the
amount
of
the
vietnamese-payment
vietnamese-payment
vietnamese-payment
vietnamese-payment
vietnamese-payment
vietnamese-payment
vietnamese-payment
vietnamese-payment
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