90062017年12月份大学英语(1)-(-第2次-)

2021年1月20日发(作者：火烈鸟的英文)

2017
年
12
月份大学英语
(1)-(-
第< br>2
次
-)

第
2
次作业

一、阅读理解（本大题共
100
分，共
5
小题，每小题
20
分）

1.
There is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be
successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential
friends or the right background. Sometimes it may just be a comforting
and
harmless
belief,
while
at
the
other
extreme
it
can
be
very
destructive.
I once met a brilliant young engineer who worked in a chemical plant.
Because of her knowledge and experience, she should have been promoted
to Production Manager. Instead, the job went to a man who was totally
unsuited for the post. Everyone knew that he only got it because he was
politically
acceptable
to
his
superiors.
This
injustice
demoralized
the
young
engineer
and
many
of
her
colleagues.
It
also
meant
that
the
factory
was much less efficient than it could have been.
All the same, we should not be pessimistic. More and more, the modern
world depends on having people who are in the job because they are good
enough, not just because their face fits. There is a story of a factory
owner who sent for an engineer to see to a machine, which would not go.
He examined it, then took out a hammer and tapped it, once. The machine
started
up
immediately.
When
he
presented
his
bill,
the
owner
protested,

The
engineer
wrote
out
a
new
bill:

tapping
a
machine,
$$1;
for
knowing
where to tap it, $$99.
(1).
It is believed that some people have succeeded in life because____.

A.
they feel superior to others

B.
they are both influential and powerful

C.
they have some special advantages


D.
they have a poor background

(2).
The engineer at the chemical plant was not promoted because____.

A.
it is more difficult for a woman to get a promotion than for her male
colleagues

B.
her boss did not think she had the right qualifications for the job

C.
the man who got his promotion was more experienced than she was

D.
her bosses did not approve of her political views and opinions

(3).
The engineer who repaired the machine was right to charge $$100
because____.

A.
he was the only person who could find out what was wrong with it

B.
the factory owner could not have repaired it himself


C.
he hit the machine to get it started again

D.
he was charging for his knowledge and expert skills

(4).
The author's attitude toward the widespread belief is____.

A.
positive

B.
negative

C.
neutral

D.
sympathetic

(5).
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?____

A.
Having
influential
friends
or
right
background
seems
helpful
sometimes.


B.
The engineer had good reason to overcharge the factory owner.

C.
Not all those who are good
in their jobs have the chance to be promoted.

D.
Those who are good in their job are still largely needed by the modern
society.

2.
In the
1940s,
urban
Americans
began
a
mass move
to
the
suburbs
in search
of
fresh
air,
elbow
room
and
privacy.
Suburbs
began
to
sprawl
out
across
the countryside, since most of those making the move were middle-class,
they took with them the tax money the cities needed to maintain the
neighborhood,
in
which
they
had
lived.
The
people
left
in
the
cities
were
often
those
who
were
too
old
or
too
poor
to
move.
Thus,
many
cities
began
to fall into disrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportation
was neglected. (In the past sixty years, San Francisco is the only city
in the United States to have completed a new mass transit system.)
Meanwhile,
housing
construction
costs
continued
to
rise
higher
and
higher.
Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, and little new housing was
constructed.
Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only. During the
day
they
would
be
filled
with
people
working in
the offices
and
at
night
they would be deserted. Given these circumstances, some business
executives
began
asking,

bother
with
going
downtown
at
all?
Why
not
move the offices to the suburbs so that we can live and work in the same
area?
cities,
with
the
result
that
urban
centers
declined
even
further
and
the
suburbs expanded still more. This movement of businesses to
the suburbs
is not confined to the United States. Businesses have also been moving
to the suburbs in Stockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels,
Belgium as well
(1).

What did the city lose when those people moved out to the suburbs?____

A.
houses

B.
cars

C.
jobs

D.
tax money

(2).
What are not the resulting effects on cities when those people moved
out?____

A.
There were more crimes.

B.
Cities were in a bad condition.

C.
Only one mass transit system was completed.

D.

Some small companies moved in while larger ones moved out.

(3).
According to the passage, the suburbs____.

A.
were deserted at night

B.
were deserted at night

C.
had a high construction cost

D.
had some declined business center

(4).
Which
of
the
following
statements
are
True
according
to
the
passage?____

A.
Some
companies
in
the
United
States
moved
to
Sweden,
Germany
and
Belgium.

B.
Fresh air, spacious room and being away from others attract people to
move to the suburbs.

C.

People wouldn't pay tax when they moved out of cities.

D.
The neighborhood should be maintained by old and poor people.

(5).
What is the best title for this passage?____

A.
Urban Renewal

B.
Suburban Sprawl

C.
Effects of the move to the suburbs

D.
Development of the Suburbs

3.
Mountain climbers around the world dream about going up Mount Everest
（珠穆朗玛峰）
.
It
is
the
highest
mountain
in
the
world.
But
many
people
who have climbed the mountain have left waste material that is harming
the environment.
A
team
of
Americans
is
planning
the
largest
clean- up
effort
ever
on
Mount
Everest. They will make the risky trip up the mountain next month.
The team of eight Americans will be guided by more than twenty Sherpas
of Nepal
（尼泊尔夏尔巴人）
. Their goal is to remove all the trash
（废
物，垃圾）
they see. They will spend two months cleaning up the mountain

by gathering oxygen bottles, fuel containers, batteries, drink cans,
human
waste
and
other
kinds
of
trash.
They
are
expected
to
remove
at
least
three tons of trash in large bags.
Team leader Robert Hoffman is making his fourth trip up the mountain.
He says he hopes to bring Everest to the condition it was in before the
first
successful
climb
fifty
years
ago.
He
says
he
hopes
the
effort
will
influence other people to clean up the environment closer home.
Human
waste
on
Everest
is
a
major
concern.
So
the
clean-up
team
will
take
along newly developed equipment to collect and treat human waste. Over
the years, the waste articles have polluted the mountain. In the warm
season when the ice melts, the polluted water flows to Nepali villages
below. The problem has gotten worse in recent years because climbing
Everest has become more popular.
(1).
What
are
those
Americans
concerned
about
when
they
are
planning
the
trip
up Mount Everest?____

A.
The environment pollution of the mountain.

B.
The success in climbing up the mountain.

C.
The equipment for their trip to the mountain.

D.
The risks facing the climbers of the mountain.

(2).
From the passage we can learn that the clean- up effort ____.