没关系用英语怎么说莎士比亚十四行诗第18首

2021年1月20日发(作者：mentality)
Sonnet:

A
fourteen-line
lyric
poem,
usually
written
in
rhymed
iambic
pentameter.






There
are
generally
two
kinds
of
sonnets:
the
Petrarchan
sonnet
and
the
Shakespearean
sonnet.
The
Shakespearean
sonnet
consists
of
3
quatrains
and
one
couplet.
The
three
quatrains
are
devoted
to
the
different
aspects
of
one
subject,
paralleling
in structure. The concluding couplet
is actually the summary or comments
made by the poet. One telling example is Sonnet 18 by Shakespeare.


Soliloquy:
It refers to an extended speech delivered by a character alone onstage. The
character reveals
his or
her
innermost thoughts and
feelings directly to
the audience,
as
if
thinking aloud. One of the
most
famous soliloquies
is
the part of Shakespeare’s
Hamlet, beginning with the line “To be, or not to be: that is the question.”


Conceit:

Conceit
is
actually
an
extended
metaphor.
It
refers
to
the
comparison
drawn
between
two
startlingly
different
objects.
The
leading
figure
of
the
“Metaphysical
School”,
John
Donne,
makes
a
high
use
of
c
onceits
in
his
poetic
creation. For instance, he compares the souls of lovers to compasses.

Imagery
：
A
general
term
that
covers
the
use
of
language
to
represent
sensory
experience.
It
refers to
the
words
that
create pictures or
images
in
the reader’s
mind.


Images are primarily
visual and can appeal to other senses as
well, touch, taste, smell
and hearing.

Ode
：

A
complex
and
often
lengthy
lyric
poem,
written
in
a
dignified
formal
style


on
some
lofty
or
serious
subject.
Odes
are
often
written
for
a
special
occasion,
to


honor a person or a season or
to commemorate an event.
Two
famous odes are Percy
Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” and John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn”.


莎士比亚十四行诗第
18
首


William Shakespeare - Sonnet #18

Shall I compare thee to a Summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
And Summer's lease hath all too short a date:
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,
And oft' is his gold complexion dimm'd;
And every fair from fair sometime declines,
By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd:
But thy eternal Summer shall not fade
Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;
Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade,
When in eternal lines to time thou growest:
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,
So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.


我怎么能够把你来比作夏天？

你不独比他可爱也比他温婉；

狂风把五月宠爱的嫩蕊作践，

夏天出赁的期限又未免太短；

天上的眼睛有时照得太酷烈，

他那炳耀的金颜又常遭掩蔽；

给机缘或无常的天道所摧折，

没有芳艳不终于凋残或销毁。

但你的长夏将永远不会凋落，

也不会损失你这皎洁的红芳；

或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊，

当你在不朽的诗里与时同长。

只要一天有人类，或人有眼睛，

这诗将长在，并且赐给你生命。

Summary:
The poem starts with a flattering question to the beloved
—

Shall
I compare thee to a summer's day?

more lovely and
more temperate

about summer: it is short
—

summer's lease hath all too short a date

—
and
sometimes the sun is too hot
—

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines.

However, the beloved has beauty that will last forever, unlike the fleeting
beauty of a summer's day.
Theme:
In the sonnet, the speaker compares his beloved to the
summer

season, and argues that his beloved is better. He also states that his beloved
will live on forever through the words of the poem.


By putting his love's beauty into the form of poetry, the poet is preserving it
forever.
So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and
this gives life to thee.

will last as long as it can be read.



The Passionate Shepherd to His Love





































by Christopher Marlowe
（
1564-1593
）
热情的牧人对他的爱人

Come live with me and be my Love,
And we will all the pleasures prove(1)
That hills and valleys, dale and field,
And all the craggy mountains yield(2).

There will we sit upon the rocks,
And see the shepherds feed their flocks,
By shallow rivers, to whose falls(3)
Melodious birds sing madrigals(4).

There will I make thee beds of roses
And a thousand fragrant posies,
A cap of flowers, and a kirtle(5)
Embroider'd all with leaves of myrtle(6).

A grow made of the finest wool,
Which from our pretty lambs we pull,
Fair lined slippers for the cold,
With buckles(7) of the purest fold.

A belt of straw and ivy(8) buds
With coral clasps(9) and amber studs(10):
And if these pleasures may thee move,
Come live with me and be my Love.

Thy silver dishes for thy meat(11)
As precious as the gods do eat,
Shall of an ivory table be

Prepared each day for thee and me.

The shepherd swains(12) shall dance and sing
For thy delight each May-morning:
If these delights thy mind may move,
Then live with me and be my Love.

注释：




（
1
）
prove
：体验，古用法，其宾语是
all the pleasures
，第
1
－
2
节描写
大自然的美 与和谐，为牧歌式的生活提供了适当背景。



（
2
）
yield
：
give


（
3
）
falls:
指溪水跌落时发出的声响。



（
4
）
madrigals:
情歌



（
5
）
kirtle:
女长袍，外裙



（
6
）
myrtle:
桃金娘，即爱神维纳斯（
Venus
）的圣物。



（
7
）
buckles
：（鞋的）带扣



（
8
）
ivy
：常春藤，酒神
Bacchus< br>的圣物。第
3
－
5
节描写牧歌世界中的劳
动或民间节日游戏，
呈现出了一派伊园或人类黄金时代的理想景象，
也使人想到
英国乡村的五朔节，诗人要 把他的恋人打扮成五朔节王后。



（
9
）
clasps
：扣子



（
10
）
amber studs:
琥珀饰钮



（
11
）
meat:food
的古用法，此一节诗（第< br>21
－
24
）被认为是英国作家沃
尔顿（
Izaak Walton
，
1593-1683
）所加。

（
12）
swains:
（古用法）乡村情郎。最后一节描写与五朔节相类似的狂欢
活动 。

来与我同住吧，做我的爱人，



我们将共享一切欢乐；



来自河谷、树丛、山岳、田野，



来自森林或陡峭的峻岭。



我们将坐在岩石上，



看牧人们放羊。



浅浅的小河流向瀑布，



小鸟唱着甜美的情歌。



我将为你用玫瑰作床，



还有上千支花束，



一顶鲜花编的花冠，一条长裙



绣满桃金娘的绿叶。



用最细的羊毛织一条长袍，



羊毛剪自我们最可爱的羊羔，



一双漂亮的衬绒软鞋为你御寒，



上面有纯金的带扣。



麦草和长春藤花蕾编的腰带，



珊瑚作钩，琥珀作扣，



来与我同住吧，做我的爱人。



牧童情郎们将又跳又唱，



在每个五月的早晨使你欢畅，



如果这些趣事使你动心，



来与我同住吧，做我的爱人。

Summary:
In the first stanza, an unidentified shepherd, pleads with an
unidentified woman that if she will come and live with him, then all pleasures
will be theirs for the taking.
T
he second stanza suggests a time of year for the lovers’ ac
tivity, which is
likely spring or summer, since they would be outdoors and the shepherd
imagines it is pleasant enough to sit and watch the flocks being fed. He
proposes that other shepherds will feed his flocks, since with his mistress by
his side, he will now be an observer.
Theme:
Marlowe paints a picture of idyllic nature without any of the
real
dangers
that
might
be
present.
There
are
no
responsibilities
in
this
imaginary life, as the shepherd imagines the couple will watch other
“shepherds
feed
their
flocks,”
while
making
no
mention
of
his
own
flock
for which he is responsible. Marlowe's lyric is a universal (all times
and
all
places)
example
of
how
young
men
tempt
pretty
girls
with
fantastic
offers
-
slippers
with
golden
buckles!
-to
make
them
yield
to
fulfill
their
sexual desires.
although he is only a shepherd he will ensure that she enjoys a royal
life.
A Red
，
Red Rose




by Robert Burns


O my luve is like a red, red rose,
That's newly sprung in June;
O my luve is like the melodie
That's sweetly played in tune.

As fair thou art, my bonie lass,
So deep in luve am I;
And I will luve thee still, my dear,

Till a' the seas gang dry.

Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,
And the rocks melt wi' the sun;
And I will luve thee still , my dear,
While the sands o' life shall run.

And fare thee weel, my only luve,
And fare thee weel a while;
And I will come again, my luve,
Tho'it wre ten thousand mile!

我的爱人象朵红红的玫瑰

























王佐良

译

呵，我的爱人象朵红红的玫瑰，

六月里迎风初开；

呵，我的爱人象支甜甜的曲子，

奏得合拍又和谐。


我的好姑娘，多么美丽的人儿！

请看我，多么深挚的爱情！

亲爱的，我永远爱你，

纵使大海干涸水流尽。


纵使大海干涸水流尽，

太阳将岩石烧作灰尘，

亲爱的，我永远爱你，

只要我一息犹存。


珍重吧，我惟一的爱人，

珍重吧，让我们暂时别离，

但我定要回来，

哪怕千里万里！

Summary:
In the beginning,Burns compares his love with a springtime
blooming rose and then with a sweet melody. The second and third stanzas
become increasingly complex, ending with the metaphor of the “sands of life,”
or hourglass.
The final stanza wraps up the poem’s complexity with a
farewell
and a promise of return.
Theme:
this is a love poem. By comparing his lover to sweet melodies an
d red roses which bloom in June, and depicting the image of his love lasting
until the seas run dry and the rocks melt with the sun, the authar shows us a
nature, simple and original love between men and women.

Sonnet 73 By Willim Shakespeare
Summary:
the
author
creats
an
autumn
image
that
“
thou
mayst
in
me
be
hold
”
,an
twilight
image
which
will past
more
swiftly
with
rising
night,and lastly
an
dying fire image
that
burning
with
youth
she sense,
and
it makes
her
love
more
determined.
Theme:
this
is
a
love
poem
,a
song
of
a dying
swan
appealing
for
love.
autumn,
twilight,
and
the
dying
fire, the
aesthetic
effect
created
as
well
as
the
wisdom
transmitted
through
these
three images. The inevitable conflict between passion and
passing time, the persistence and necessity , the human
being
’
s transience and nature
’
s eternity.
Amoretti (Sonnet 75)





by Edmund Spenser

One day I wrote her name upon the strand,
But came the waves and washed it away;
Agayne I wrote it with a second hand,
But came the tyde,and made my paynes his pray.

ayne man,
A mortal thing so to immortalize,
For I my selve shall lyke to this decay,
And eek my name bee wyped out lykewize.

To dy in dust,but you shall live by fame:
My verse your vertues rare shall eternize,
And in the heavens wryte your glorious name.
Where whenas death shall all the world subdew,
Our love shall live,and later life renew.


爱情小诗（第
75
首）

——爱德蒙特

斯宾塞