台湾当局领导人最全却最简洁最重点的英美文学考试重点

2021年1月20日发(作者：internal)

一、
The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)

1
、这个时期的文学作品分类：
pagan(
异教徒
) Christian(
基督徒
)

2
、代表作
:
The Song of Beowulf
(national epic
民族史诗
)metaphor alliteration
。

3
、
Angles, Saxons and Jutes.
二、
The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350)
1
、
The Roman Conquest: In 1066, the Duke of Normandy William led the Norman
army to invade England. The result of this war was William became the king of
England. After the conquest, feudal system was established in English society.

Chivalry was introduced by the Normans into England.
Sir Gawain and the Green
Knight
头韵

2
、
传奇
ramances
：
描写骑士的冒险精神和典雅爱情文学。
seek adventures , fighting
for his lord in battle,humility,honor,sacrifice,brave,honesty,love with women
三、
Geoffrey Chaucer
(1340-1400)
（反封建、反教会、追求个性自由）

1
、
the father of English poetry
英国诗歌之父

2
、
purely English(the London dialect
伦敦方言
)
3
、
heroic couplet
英雄双韵体


4
、
Writing style:
wisdom, humor, humanity.
5
、代表作：
The Canterbury Tales
(
英国文学史的开端
)

内容：
The pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of
various walks of life and social groups.
特点：
Each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own
views and character. The story was endowed with what medieval romance
lacked-interest of character as well as incident.
观点：
He believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man
freed from superstitions and a blind belief in fate.
主要故事
:
①
The Knight
’
s Tale
②
The Pardoner
’
s Tale
③
The Merchant
’
s Tale
④
The Wife of Bath
四、
The Renaissance (16
世纪
)

1
、
背景：
14-17century,a period of the breaking of feudal relations and the establishing
the
foundations
of
capitalism.
New
monarchy.
It
is
a
revival
of
classical
arts
and
sciences.
2
、主要文学成就：

Poetry: Wyatt: first to introduce the sonnet into English literature.

Sidney


Spenser: the poet
’
s poet.
Drama: Marlowe: blank verse(
无韵诗
) the principal vehicle of expression in drama. .

William Shakespeare
(1564-1616)
Novels:John Lyly


Thomas Loge

Thomas Nashe
Essays /prose:
Francis Bacon
(1561-1626)
、
Thomas More
(1478-1535)
3 works of shakespeare:37palys ,tow narrative poems and 154sonnets
First period (1590-1600):comdies:


皆大欢喜
; Night>
第十二夜
; ’
S Dream>
仲夏夜之梦
; Venice>
威尼斯商人

Second p eriod(1601
—
1608):tragedies
哈姆莱特
;
奥赛罗
;

李尔王
;
麦克白


1

Third period(1609
—
1612)histories
















Lyric poem:Three quatrain and one couplet, ababcdcdefefgg

Sonnet 18
:

Theme
：
The poet writes beautifully on the conventional theme that his poetry will
bring eternity to the one he loves and eulogizes.
Sonnet 29:

Theme
：①
The poet complains of his own miseries and dissatisfaction in life and then
becomes happy upon the thought of the one he loves.
②
Here Shakespeare is
supposed to reveal his own thoughts and feelings, especially in the first octet.
The character of Hamlet:
①
Hamlet was a humanist, a man who is from medieval prejudices and superstitions.
②
Starting from his humanist love of man, he turns to those around him with the same
eagerness.
③
His intellectual genius is outstanding.
④
Hamlet
’
s melancholy is not the negative, hair-splitting and fruitless kind. It is
rather the result of his penetrating habit of mind.
五、
The Period of Revolution and Restoration (17C)
1
、文学特点

concerned with the tremendous social upheavals, influence by puritan.
光荣革命意义
the supremacy of parliament, beginning of modern England,final
triumph of the political liberty
2
、代表人物：

①
John Donne

“
metaphysical poets
玄学

A. Metaphysical poetry is characterized by:
verbal wit, irregular rhythms, ingenious
structure and strange images or
“
conceits
奇喻”
.a kind of metaphor that makes a
comparison between two different things.

B. A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning
意象
:compasses
、
golden beaten(
金箔
)union of body and soul,physically and
spiritually

②
John Milton

The indomitable Puritan sprit finds its noblest expression in him.

诗歌：
Paradise Lost
失乐园
freedom knowledge oppose to monarchy
Paradise
Regained
复乐园

戏剧：
Samson Agonistes
力士参孙

Shorter poems:
L
‘
Allegro


Il Penseroso

Lycidas


Comus

Principal pamphlets:
Areopagitica


: attacks the censorship of the press and appeals
for the freedom of the press
Eikonoklaste
: justifies the execution of Charles
I

Defense for the English People
: a defense of the Commonwealth and Revolution
Sonnet:
On His Deceased Wife
(
唯一的爱情诗
)
On His Blindness

③
John Bunyan
(1628-1688)
班扬
:
The Pilgrim
’
s Progress

④
John Dryde n
(1631-1700):critic
、
poet
、
playw right
六、
The Age of Enlightenment (18
世纪
)

1
、文学特点：
The main literary stream
of the
18th
century was realism.
The 18th
century was an age of prose. Novel writing made a big advance in this century. In this

2