玛格达-really是什么意思
2017/12/26
English Literature Reading and Appreciation
Unit1 Early and Medieval
1. Divided into 3 major period: the Anglo-Saxon period
the Anglo-Norman period
the period of preparation for Renaissance
2. The Anglo-Saxon Period (405-1066):
fr. the migration of Teutonic tribes(the Angles, Saxons and Jutes) to Norman Conquest
Beowulf:
the
“
national epic of the Anglo-Saxons
”
alliteration, distinctive feature of Old Eng poetry.
The
first
great
book
in prose in
English:
Anglo-Saxon
Chronicle
(recorded the
national
history of England from AD1 to 1154)
the
“
national epic of the Anglo- Saxons
”
:
Beowulf
3. Anglo- Norman Period
native Eng
–
lower class;
French
–
official lang
’
of the state, used by the nobility. } Eng officially introduced at
school and courts of law
Latin- used in Churches and other religious institutions
Literature was strongly influenced by French culture.
–
Metrical romance
(romance written in metrical verses)
M.r. dealt with love/knightly adventures.
Most popular theme:
’
the legend of King Arthur and the round table knights.
4. Preparation of Renaissance
Hundred Years
’
War, The Wars of the Roses
–
peasant
s’
rising, social unrest
–
express in lit
–
works of social protest:
Piers Plowman (William Langland)
A collection of the legends of King Arthur translated from French by Sir Thomas Malory
(written in prose)
The translation of the Bible, reputedly by John Wyclif. from Latin to Eng.
Folk literature
–
ballad (esp. popular in the 15
th
C)
Geoffrey Chaucer:
Father of Eng. poetry;
Founder of Eng. lit. lang.
The earliest of the great modern poets and his works have the promise
of the Eng. Renai. in them.
The Canterbury Tales:
24 stories
Stories told by some of the thirty pilgrims
characterization: all walks of life; realistic picture;
the Dark Age(blind to truth); corrupting church life
1
2017/12/26
English Literature Reading and Appreciation
Unit2-3
The Eng. Renai.
1. Intro.
Renaissance
–
the intellectual and literary movement over Europe fr 14
th
to the early 17
th
essence: humanism
humanists seek intellectual independence; to ennoble and dignify man
Historical bg : Centralization of power - the Tudors, supported by bourgeoisie
Religious reformation
–
Henry VIII.
Geographical discoveries,
–
widen men
’
s mental horizons
Agrarian revolution
–
enclosure (turn pasture to breed sheep, farmers- cities)
Wool industry, trade expansion
Printing press introduced to Eng
–
circulated in manuscript.
Renai reached Eng in about the 16
th
.
2. Renaissance Drama
Modern Eng drama began in the Church.
Early form: miracle plays: materials from the Bible/lives of the saints
morality plays: characters representing abstract qualities (Beauty/King)
Interlude: a short entertainment put on ~ the courses of a feast o the acts of a play. (P17)
Golden Age: Elizabethan period
Appealed to all classes in society.
–
D was the best expression of the Eng Re.
Dramatists
–
“
University Wits
”
Christopher Marlowe:
greatest dramatist before S
(
Tamburlaine:
establish
blank
verse
as
the
standard
for
Eng
drama)
Founded
the
Elizabethan
tragedy,
and
made blank verse the medium of tragedy.
Everyman; Pilgrim
’
s Progress
the man who paved the way for S
Ben Johnson:
comedy; 1
st
poet laureate; a court poet
the 1
st
playwright to collect&publish his own plays
Everyman in his humor; Volpone(the Fox)
poem:
Song: To Celia
contemporaries with S
3.
William Shakespeare:
greatest dramatist of the Eng Renai;
the mst imp writer in the history of Eng literature.
A Comedy of Errors; Titus Andronicus and Henry VI.
–
1589-1592
Sonnets;
Venus and Adonis; The Rape of Lucrece
–
1592-1593
move into a rich period of comedies & tragedies
Midsummer
Night’
s Dream(1594); Romeo&Juliet(1595); Much Ado About Nothing(1599)
Halmet(1602); Othello(4); King Lear(5); Macbeth(6)
2
2017/12/26
English Literature Reading and Appreciation
return to romances
The Tempest (1611, last complete play)
Henry VIII (1613, with John Fletcher)
the Lord Chamberlain
’
s Men/ the King
’
s Men; Globe Theater
4. Renaissance poetry
Early period: lyrical poetry
Two common themes: relationship ~m~w
treachery and hypocrisy of courtly life
Thomas Wyatt, the Earl of Surrey
–
first Eng poets to write sonnets
experimented on the Eng sonnet
–
S sonnet
poetic form: the sonnet; the blank verse
Thomas Wyatt: man was a centre of interest and the expression of personal feelings
Sonneteers:
Sidney
–
the 1
st
poet in England to write a whole series of sonnets
-
“
sonnet sequence
”
theme: his love about a woman
Shakespeare
–
sth. new (affection for his young friend)
Edmund Spenser:
thought to be the greatest Eng poet since Chaucer (in his day)
The Fairie Queene
5. Renaissance prose:
Forms: religious writings, translation, prose fiction, short essays
Thomas More:
early humanist in Eng Renai
Utopia
John Lyly:
Euphues
(prose fiction)
;
“
Euphuism
”
- style: florid, elaborate figures of speech
Nashe:
wrote the 1
st
imp picaresque story in the Eng lang
Delony:
about common peo in Ld, humourous style
Authorized Version of the Bible:
Bible
–
the Old Testament(Jews & Christians) + the New Testament (only Christians)
King James I
the greatest of English translation
6.
Francis Bacon
(early 17
th
)
Founder of materialism in philosophy & science.
had active political career
a scientific thinker, undertook scientific experiments
Essays(58):
cover various topics, written in a clear, concise, almost epigrammatic style
3
玛格达-really是什么意思
玛格达-really是什么意思
玛格达-really是什么意思
玛格达-really是什么意思
玛格达-really是什么意思
玛格达-really是什么意思
玛格达-really是什么意思
玛格达-really是什么意思
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