sincere是什么意思高级英语第二册

2021年1月19日发(作者：assign)
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Unit 1: Face to Face with Hurricane Camille

by

Joseph P
. Blank


I. Additional Background Knowledge

1.






Hurricane; typhoon; cyclone

2.






Salvation Army

3.






Red Cross

II. Introduction to the Passage

1.






Type of literature: A piece of narration

--character (protagonist/antagonist)

--action (incidents, events, etc.)

--conflicts (suspense, tension)

--climax

--denouement

2. Main idea

3. Organization
：


--introduction

--development

--climax

--conclusion

III. Effective Writing Skills:

1.






making effective use of verbs

2.






using
many
elliptical
and
short,
simple
sentences
to
achieve certain effect

IV. Rhetorical Devices:

1.






transferred epithet

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2.






personification

3.






metaphor

4.






simile

V. Special Difficulties

Avoiding the following kinds of mistakes:

1.






run-on sentences

2.






sentence fragments

3.






dangling modifiers

4.






illogical or faulty parallelism

5.






unnecessary shifts in point of view

6.






paraphrasing some sentences

7.






identifying figures of speech

VI. Questions

1.






What is the organizational pattern of this piece of
narration

2.






What does the writer focus chiefly on --- developing
character, action (plot), or idea (theme)

3.






Who is the protagonist in the story

4.






How
does
the
writer
build
up
and
sustain
the
suspense
in the story

5.






Why did John Koshak feel a crushing guilt



Unit 2: Marrakech
by

George Orwell


I. Additional Background Knowledge

1.






George Orwell

2.






Morocco

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3.






Marrakech

4.






The Jewish people

II. Introduction to the Passage

1.






Type of literature: a piece of exposition

2.






The purpose of a piece of exposition:

-- to inform or explain

3.







Ways
of
developing
the
thesis
of
a
piece
of
exposition:

--comparision,
contrast,
analogy,
identification,
illustration,
analysis, definition, etc.

4.






The central thought or thesis

III. Effective Writing Skills:

1.






making effective use of specific verbs

2.







using
the
methods
of
contrast,
illustration,
comparision, etc.

3.






clever choice of words and scenes and tenses

IV. Rhetorical Devices:

1.






rhetorical questions

2.






repetition

3.






metaphor

4.






simile

5.






elliptical sentences

V. Special Difficulties

1.



Making
sentences
more
compact
by
proper
subordination,
such
as
subordinate
clauses,
appositives,
prepositional
or
verbal
phrases.

2.


Discriminating groups of synonyms:

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--wail, cry, weep, sob, whimper, moan

--glisten, glitter, flash, shimmer, sparkle

3.


Paraphrasing some sentences

4.


Identifying figures of speech

VI. Questions

1.


Orwell
shows
the
poverty
of
the
natives
in
at
least
five
ways.
Identify them.

2.


Could
paragraphs
4-7
just
as
well
come
after
8-15
as
before
Why
or why not

3.


Does this essay give readers a new insight into imperialism

4.


Comment
on
Orwell’s
lucid
style
and
fine
attention
to
significant descriptive details.


Unit
3: Pub Talk and King’s English

by

Henry Fairlie


I. Additional Background Knowledge

1.






pub/pub-friends

2.






Dumas/
Three Musketeers


3.






Carlyle

4.






Charles Lamb

II. Introduction to the Passage

1.






Type of literature: a piece of exposition

2.






The thesis

3.






What makes a good conversation

4.






Seemingly loose organization

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a.

title b. transitional paragraph c. digression

5.






Highly informal language

a. abundance of simple idiomatic expressions cheeked by jowl with
copious literary and historical allusions

b. a mixed metaphor in paragraph 2

III. Effective Writing Skills:

1.






deliberately writing this essay in a conversational
style to suit the theme

2.






making effective use of specific verbs

IV. Rhetorical Devices:

1.








metaphor

2.








mixed metaphor

3.






simile

V. Special Difficulties

1. Idiomatic expressions:

--be on the rocks

--get up on the wrong side of the bed

--be on wings

--
turn up one’s nose a
t sth.

--into the shoes of



--descendants of convicts

--Saxon churls

--Norman conquerors

--musketeers of Dumas

use of transitional devices

--transitional words and expressions

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--pronoun reference

--repetition of important words

4. Paraphrasing some sentences

figures of speech

VI. Questions

1.







What,
according
to
the
author,
makes
a
good
conversation What spoils it

2.







What is the author’s attitude of the writer towards
“ the King’s English”

3.






How does the use of words show class distinction

4.







What
does
the
writer
mean
when
he
says,
“the
King’s
English,
like
the
Anglo-
French
of
the
Normans,
is
a
class
representation of reality”


Unit 4: Inaugural Address

by John F. Kennedy


I. Additional Background Knowledge

1.






John F Kennedy

2.






His assasination

3.






Inauguration

4.






Inaugural address

5.






Cold war period: socialist camp vs. capitalist camp

II. Introduction to the Passage

1.






Type of literature: political speech

2.






Object of a political speech:

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--to explain

--to convince

--to persuade

3.






Well organized and highly rhetorical

4.






Biblical style/language

5.






Often-quoted passages

III. Effective Writing Skills:

1.

Employing suitable rhetorical devices and words to create the
desired emotional impact

2.


clear
order
and
appropriate
tone
to
the
different
groups
he
is
addressing

3.


Employing Biblical style deliberately

IV. Rhetorical Devices:

1.


metaphor

2.


antithesis

3.
parallelism

4.
repetition

V. Special Difficulties

1. Biblical language/quotations/style

the following methods for force, vividness and emotional appeal:

--Parallel and balanced structure

--Repetition of important words

--Antithesis

some sentences

figures of speech

VI. Questions

1.



Cite examples to show that Kennedy is very particular and
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