通勤列车-其实英文
公共管理英语
(
修订版
)-
顾建光
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全文翻译Unit-
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作者：
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日期：
Why Public Management Reform?
为什么要进行公共管理改革？
Public management reform is usually thought of as a means to an end, not
an
end
in
itself.
公共管理改革通常被认为是一种达到目的的手段，而并非目的
本身。
To be more precise we should perhaps say that it potentially a means to
multiple ends.
更准确说，我们可以认为它是一种潜在地达到多种目的的手段。
These include making saving
(economies)
in
public expenditure, improving the
quality
of
public
services,
making
the
operation
of
government
more
efficient,
and increasing the chances that the policies which are chosen and implemented
will be effective.
这些目的包括：节约公共开支（经济），提高公共服 务的质量，
使政府的运作更加有效，增加被选用的和实施的政策变得有效的机会。
On
the
way
to
achieving
these
important
objectives,
public
management
reform
may
also
serve a number of intermediate
ends, including those of strengthening the
control
of
politicians
over
the
bureaucracy,
freeing
public
officials
1
from
bureaucratic constrains
which inhibit their opportunities to manage and enhance
the
government’s
accountability
to
the
legislature
and
the
citizenry
for
its
policies
and
programs.
在实现这些重要目标的同时，公共管理改革还可能为一
系列中间目标提供服务，包括强化政治家 对官僚的控制和把公务员从官僚政治
的束缚中解放出来，
这些束缚阻碍了他们在政策和计划实施 中管理和提升政府
对立法部门和公民所负责任的机会。
Last, but not least, one should mention the
symbolic and legitimacy benefits of management reform.
最后，但 并非最不重要
的是，我们还应该注意公共管理改革的象征性与合法性意义。
For
politicians
these benefits consist partly of being seem to be doing something.
这些好处对于
政治家而言，至少可被人们认为他们正在有所作为。
Announcing
reforms,
criticizing
bureaucracy,
praising
new
management
techniques,
promising
1
公务员、国家公职人员、政府官员
improved services for the future, restructuring ministries and agencies
—
all these
activities help to attract favorable attention to the politicians who
espouse
2
them.
比如宣布进行改革，批评官僚主义 ，表扬新的管理技术，许诺在未来改进服务，
重组部门和办事机构——所有这些活动都能把有利的注意力 吸引到主张这些事
情的政治家身上。
A
cynic
3
might observe that, in these days when the power of
individual governments to act independently is increasingly
called into questions
4
by
a
complex
interplay
of
local,
national
and
international
constrains,
the
one
thing that ministers usually can do
—
with the appearance of
dynamism
5
but at
little
immediate
cost
—
is
to
announce
changes
in
their
own
machinery
6
of
governance.
一个愤世嫉俗的人可能会发现，近来，由于地方、国家和国际限制
等复杂的相互作用，单个政府独立行动 的权力（能力）日益受到质疑，
政府部
长们通常所能做的事情——以充满活力的面貌出现却仅需 极小的直接代价——
就是在他们自己管辖机构内部宣布改革。
There
are
also
legitimacy
benefits
for
those senior officials who, almost invariably, play important parts in shaping and
implementing such initiatives. They may gain in reputation by association with
“modernizing”
and
“streamlining
”
activities.
这对那 些在提出和执行这样的倡
议时几乎总要扮演重要角色的高级官员们也有合法性的好处。他们可能会因这< br>些“现代化”和“合理化”（流程优化）的工作而赢得声誉。
If
management
reform
really
does
produce
cheaper,
more
efficient
government, with higher-quality services and more effective programs, and if it
will
simultaneously
enhance
political
control,
free
managers
to
manage,
make
government
more
transparent
and
boost
7
the
images
of
those
ministers
and
mandarins
8
most
involved,
then
it
is
little
wonder
that
it
has
been
widely
trumpeted
9
.
如果管理改革真会产生一个能提供高质量服务和有效计划的更廉
2
3
支持、赞成、信奉
玩世不恭者、愤世嫉俗者、好挖苦人的人、好嘲笑的人
4
对……表示怀疑、认为有问题、对……表示异议、非难、怀疑、质疑
5
活力
6
机械、机构、机制
7
促进、增加、提高、改善、宣传
8
国语、官话、满清官吏、旧中国的官员、官僚
9
吹喇叭、吹嘘
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