柳萋萋长难句理解技巧(技巧总结)

2021年1月19日发(作者：马朴)

长难句理解技巧



题型介绍

高考 英语出现了很多难句，
并且这些难句主要是长难句。
长难句的形成主要通过以下四
种方 式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从
而形成更长的难句 。
虽然形成长难句之方法有四，
但是目的却只有一个，
就是打断和打乱考
生正 常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。


解题技巧

句子较长，
一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣。
但不管 句子有多长有多复杂，它只由
两部分构成，
即主干和修饰成分。
主干是整个句子的骨架 ，
主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构。
而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，
它 既可以是单词，
也可以是短语，
更常见的
则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。


我们应通过仔细分析，
将每个修饰成分划出来，
找出句子 的主干，
这样整个句子结构就
清晰了。

如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的单 句，
可以跳读修饰成分，
迅速找出主谓结构。
具体
步骤是：
先跳读修 饰成分或附加成分，
找出句子的主干并理解其意义；
然后再分段理解修饰
成分或附加成 分。


带有较多成分的简单句
:
去枝叶，留主干

Schools across China(
介词短语作定语
) are expected to hire 50,000 college(
定语
) graduates this
year(
时间状语
) as short- term teachers
（介词短语做状语）
, almost three times the number
（同位
语）

hired last year(
过去分词短语作定语
), to help reduce unemployment pressures(
目的状语
).
含有多个从句的复合句：找从属连词
,
分析从句
,
理解句意。

Whereas(
引导状语从句表对比
) a woman’s closes
t female friend might be the first to tell her to
leave a failing marriage
，
it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say
that
（引导宾语从句）

he didn’t know
that
（引导宾语从句内的宾语从句）
his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble
until
（引导时
间状语从句）
he appeared one night asking if
（
引导非谓语所带宾语从句）

he could sleep on the
sofa.
含有插入语的句子：忽略插入成分
,
直奔句子主题
.

The lack of right male (
男性的
) role models in many of their lives
—
at home and particularly in
the school environment (
环境
)
（
插入成分）
—
means that their peers are the only people they have
to judge themselves against.
成分省略：把握大意
,
找出上文对应信息
,
补充省略成分

The
magazine
is
male-
targeting
because
young
guys
generally
won’t
pick
up
a
magazine
that
appears to be directed at females, whereas girls usually will(
省略了
will pick up a magazine that
appears to be directed at males).



1.
跳读插入语



The lack of right male (
男性的
) role models in many of their lives
—
at home and particularly
in the school environment (
环境
)
—
means that their peers are the only people they have to judge
themselves against.
2.
跳读非谓语动词短语



In
their
skins,
corals
have
tiny
plants
which
act
as
“dustmen”,
taking
some
of
the
waste
products from the coral
and
giving in return oxygen
which the animal needs very much to breathe.
3.
跳读分隔现象


Science
has
become
so
important
in
the
modern
world,
with
its
procedures
so
highly
standardized and so widely accepted
,
that
it is included among modern social institutions.
4.
跳读定语从句


If
you ask people to name one person
who had the greatest effect on the English language,

you
will
get
answers
like
“Shakespeare”,
“Samuel
Johnson”,
and
“Webster”,
but
none
of
these
men
had
any
effect
at
all
compared
to
a
man
who
didn’t
even
speak
English—
William,
the
Conqueror.

真题再现

1. Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,
it wasn’t unusual to

hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble
until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.

2. If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you
will
get
answers
like
“Shakespeare”, “Samuel
Johnson”,
and
“Webster”,
but
none
of
these
men
had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—
William, the Conqueror.

3.
This
chance
discovery
ended
a
12-day
search
by
the
Library
Company
of
Philadelphia
for
a
historical
treasure
—
a
120-page
diary
kept
190
years
ago
by
Deborah
Logan
—“a
woman
who
knew everybody of her day,” James Green, the librarian told the magazine “American Libraries”.


4. First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the
theory had baffled
（难住）
and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman
scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man
in order to be able to study at the Ecolab Polytechnique
（伊科尔理工学院）
.



5.
Science
has
become
so
important
in
the
modern
world,
with
its
procedures
so
highly
standardized and so widely accepted, that it is included among modern social institutions.
6. For example, adolescent boys are more likely to buy computer games than any other group, so it
makes sense to make computer game ads that appeal to this group.