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Conversation Two
W: Charles, among other things, you are regarded as one of the America's great masters of the
Blues, a musical idiom that's about loss, particularly the loss of romantic love. Why does love die?
M: People often get into love affairs because they have unrealistic expectations about somebody.
Thenwhen the person doesn't turn out to be who they thought he or she was, they start thinking
I canchange him or herThat kind of thinking is a mistake. Because when the dust
settles, people are going tobe pretty much what they are. It's a rare thing for anybody to be able
to change who they really are. Andthis creates a lot of problems.
W: At 62, you continue to spend a large percentage of your life touring. What appeals to you
about life on theroad?
M: Music. I don't especially love life on the road, but I figure if you are lucky enough to be able to
dowhat you truly love doing, you've got the ultimate in life.
W: What's the most widely-held misconception about the life a famous musician?
M: People think it’s all glamour. Actually we have the same trouble as they do. Playing
musicdoesn'tmean life treats you any better.
W: How do you feel about being recognized everywhere you go?
M: You'd think I'd be used to it by now. But I still find it fascinating. You go to a little town in
Japan,where nobody speaks English, yet they know you on site and know all of your music. I'm
still amazed bythe love people express for me and by music.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. What does the man say about most people when they get into love affairs?
6. What does the man say about himself as a singer on the road most of his life?
7. What do most people think of the life of a famous musician?
9. How does the man feel whenever he is recognized by his fans?
Section B
Passage One
Changing technology and markets have stimulated the team approach to management.
Inflation, resourcescarcity, reduced personnel levels and budget cuts have all underscored the
need for better coordination inorganizations. Team management calls for new skills if personnel
potential is to be fully relating and workingtogether to solve cross- functional problems. When
teams consist of experienced employees from hierarchicalorganizations who have been
conditioned to traditional organizational culture, cooperation may not occur may
need to be created. Furthermore, the issue is not just how the team can function more effectively,
but howit integrates with the overall organization or society that it supposedly serves. A group of
individuals is notautomatically a team. Therefore, team building may be necessary in order to
improve the group's performance. Casey,an expert in this field, suggests that the cooperation
process within teamsust be organized, promoted and managed. He believes that team
corporation results when members go beyond their individual capabilities, beyond what each is
usedto being and doing. Together, the team may the produce something new, unique and
superior to that of any one member. Forthis to happen, he suggests the multi-cultural managers
exhibit understanding of their own and other's cultural influencesand limitations. They should
also cultivate such skills as toleration of ambiguity, persistence and patience, as well
asassertiveness. If a team manager exemplifies such qualities, the team, as a whole, would be
better able to realize theirpotential and achieve their objectives.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
9. What should team members do to fully realize their potential?
10. What needs to be considered for effective team management?
11. What conclusion can we draw from what Casey say?
Passage Two
Advertising informs consumers about the existence and benefits of products and services and
attempts topersuade them to buy them. The best form of advertising is probably word-of-mouth
advertising whichoccurs when people tell their friends about the benefits of products or services
that they have purchased. Yetvirtually no providers of goods or services rely on this alone, but
use paid advertising instead. Indeedmany organizations also use institutional or prestige
advertising which is designed to build up their reputationrather than to sell particular products.
Although large companies could easily set up their own advertisingdepartments, write their own
advertisements and buy media space themselves, the tend to use the services oflarge advertising
agencies. These are likely to have more resources and more knowledge about all aspects
ofadvertising and advertising media than single company. It is also easier for a dissatisfied
company to give itsaccount to another agency than it would be to fire its own advertising staff.
The client company generally givesthe advertising agency an agreed budget, a statement of the
objectives of the advertising campaign known as abrief and an overall advertising strategy
concerning the message to be communicated to the target agency creates
advertisements and develops a media plan, specifying which media will be used and inwhich
proportions. Agencies often produce alternative ads or commercials that are pretested
innewspapers, television stations, etc., in different parts of the country before a final choice is
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