寂寞有罪高中英语阅读理解练习题(有答案)

2021年1月17日发(作者：加勒比海盗5剧情)


一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解

City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their
lifetimes, then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO
2
from the air thah forest trees.

As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CO
2
. However, CO
2
is a
greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near
the ground rise. Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石)fuels, have
been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures
across the globe.

Studies had shown forests readily absorb CO
2
, but there hadn't been much data on whether
city trees grow, die and absorb CO
2
at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers
decided to find out.

To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of
their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree's diameter increases as it grows, just as a person's
waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has
shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years' tracking, the researchers found city trees
absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as
likely to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more CO
2
.

City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a
forest, trees tend to grow close together, shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from
higher levels of nitrogen (氮)in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-
burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may
wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees
in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.

（1）What can he known about CO
2
from paragraph 2?

A. It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.

B. It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.

C. It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.

D. It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live on.

（2）Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?

A. To know about their growth rates. B. To find out how much they weigh.

C. To check whether they were healthy. D. To assess the carbon amounts in them.

（3）What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?

A. They are more likely to access growth promoters.

B. They can enjoy more water coming from the air.

C. They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.

D. They are better at competing for light.

（4）What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?

A. How urban trees can live longer. B. Why city living makes trees die young.

C. How trees respond to dry soil conditions. D. Why faster-growing trees absorb more CO
2
.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）A

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 一项新的研究发现：与长在森林中的树木相比，城
市里的树木长得更快，但死得更早。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“the earth would be freezing or burning hot without
CO
2
.”可知，如果没有二氧化 碳，地球将会极冷或极热。可以推断，二氧化碳可以防止地球
变得不适合居住。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“To figure on how quickly trees were growing,
researchers tracked their diameters.”可知，研究人员监测树木的直径是为了了解树木的生长
速度。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Street trees also benefit from higher levels of
nitrogen (氮）in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also
contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to
the ground.”可 知，与生长在森林中的树木相比，城市里的树木长得更快是因为它们无需与
邻近的树木争夺光照，也能得 到更多的氮量，还更容易得到水。光、氮和水都可以促进树
木的生长。由此可以推断，城市里的树木比森 林中的树木更可能获得生长促进剂。故选
A。

（4）考查推理判断。文章首句就提 到了一项新的研究结果：城市里的树木比森林中的树
木长得更快，但死得更早；文章第三段说到“以前有 研究表明森林会吸收二氧化碳，但是城
市里的树木的生长、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速度是否跟森林中的树 木一样，这方面的数据
不多。因此一些研究人员决定弄清楚”；文章第四段再次介绍了他们的研究发现： 城市里的
树木比森林中的树木长得更快，但死得更早；文章最后一段介绍了城市里的树木比森林中
的树木生长得更快的几个原因。由此可以推断，文章接下来很可能就要介绍城市里的树木
死得更早的原 因。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅 读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


2．阅读理解

At 23 I applied for full- time positions with no intention of working five days a week. As a
housewife, I had two pre- school children then but wanted to work three days a week.

This was a huge deal for me. I needed to work, but also wanted to spend time with my children
while they were young. I didn't want to miss out on school drop-offs and pick-ups. But I also
didn't want to miss out on the opportunity of promotion.

Before the interviews, I prepared a plan of how I was going to make this work for me and the
employer. I saw it as a two-way agreement — the business adapting to me and me adapting to
the business.

Finally I became a member of EY at 33. EY was the only firm that seemed receptive to my plan;
in fact, we spent time during that first interview talking about how we could make it work
together. Most importantly, the person interviewing me worked flexibly too — four days a week.

I appreciated that I'm one of the lucky ones. Even 10 years on, flexible hiring and working
remains the exception rather than the rule for most.

What will help shift views and behavior, in addition to organizations updating their hiring
policies, is talking more openly about how most of us organize our day around our responsibilities.
We all have a life outside of work and we shouldn't be embarrassed to talk about it, even during a
job interview.

It's a change in the way of thinking, not just for employers but employees too. In the early days
I was confident about my ability but I probably did have a preconception (先入之见) that working
part-time would limit my career progression. What I quickly realized was that if I took
responsibility for my development, I could make sure that I got the same opportunities as if I was
working full-time. So I offered solutions to how we could make it work, and it made me stand out.

（1）Why did the author want a flexible job?

A. To balance her work and life. B. To have more time to relax.

C. To avoid too much stress in life. D. To stand out as a special woman.

（2）What perhaps made the author become a member of EY?

A. The time spent discussing her plan. B. Her relationship with the interviewer.

C. Her great confidence in the interview. D. The interviewer's understanding her.

（3）What does the author advise to apply for a flexible job?

A. Trying to seize every opportunity one can get.

B. Persuading the company to change its hiring policies.

C. Being honest about one's personal life outside of work.

D. Convincing the employer of one's responsibility for the job.

（4）What can we infer about her job from the passage?

weakened her ability.

made her highly noticeable.

limited her career promotion.

caused her to earn less money.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）D

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文， 作者面试兼职工作时改变传统思路，脱颖而出获得
机会，并以此而发表了自己的看法观点。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“This was a huge deal for me. I needed to work, but also
wanted to spend time with my children while they were young.”这对我来说 是一件大事。我需
要工作，但也想在孩子们小的时候多陪陪他们。可知，作者需要弹性工作的原因是工作 的
同时又要照顾孩子，故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“EY was the only firm that seemed receptive to my plan;
in fact, we spent time during that first interview talking about how we could make it work
together. Most importantly, the person interviewing me worked flexibly too — four days a
week.”EY是唯一一家似乎接受我的计划的公司;事实上，在第一次面试的时候，我们花了很多时间来讨论如何让我们合作。最重要的是，面试我的那个人工作也很灵活——一周四
天。可推知， EY面试官同样是灵活工作制，她/他能够理解作者的境遇。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“What will help shift views and behavior, in addition to
organizations updating their hiring policies, is talking more openly about how most of us organize
our day around our responsibilities. We all have a life outside of work and we shouldn't be
embarrassed to talk about it, even during a job interview.”除了更新招聘政策外，更公开地谈论
我们大多数人如何围绕职责安排我 们的一天，将有助于改变观点和行为。我们都有工作之
外的生活，我们不应该羞于谈论它，即使是在面试 的时候。可知，作者建议面试时讨论职
责安排分配以使面试官相信自己的能力。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“What I quickly realized was that if I took
responsibility for my development, I could make sure that I got the same opportunities as if I was
working full-time. So I offered solutions to how we could make it work, and it made me stand
out.”我很快意识到，如果我对自己的 发展负责，我就能确保自己得到和全职工作一样的机
会。所以我提出了解决方案，我们如何使它工作，这 使我脱颖而出。可知，作者通过这次
面试而改变思路，主动提出了灵活工作的解决方式而使自己引起注意 ，得到关注。故选
B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查 ，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。< br>

3．阅读理解

A home science experiment recently took the world by storm. Two teens from Toronto, in
Canada, sent a Lego man rising above the Earth and captured their tiny astronaut's trip on film.

Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad, both 17, used a weather balloon to launch their plastic lego
model 16 miles above the Earth. This is inside a part of Earth's atmosphere.

The two teens were inspired by a similar project performed by students at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology(MIT). The MIT students had launched a weather balloon with a camera
into near space and taken many unusual images of the Earth. Mathew and Asad then spend four
months figuring out how to launch their own spacecraft into the space.

Travelling to space is expensive for NASA, but Mathew and Asad worked hard to keep their
costs down. They bought much of their equipment used and even sewed the Lego man's
parachute by hand. In total, the project cost only$$400.


up,氦)into the balloon so that it would
rise quickly and avoid being blown too far off course by the strong winds.

The toy astronaut's journey lasted 97 minutes before the balloon broke and he fell back to
Earth. Mathew and Asad then spent two weekends looking for their spacecraft. It had landed
76miles away from the launch site.

The student scientists are currently finishing up their final year of high school and applying for
colleges. They are also looking into more do-it-yourself space projects.


get this far. It's been a lesson for us that hard work pays off.

（1）By saying the world by stormin the first paragraph, the writer meant the
experiment______________.

A. destroyed the world B. flooded the world

C. fascinated the world D. managed the world

（2）Which of the following about the students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is
right?

were examples for Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad.

helped Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad to achieve dream.

launched weather balloon together with Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad.

studied with Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad in the same school.

（3）How did Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad keep their costs down?

sewing the weather balloon themselves.

borrowing spacecraft from the MIT students.

making their spacecraft by hand.

using second-hand equipment.

（4）What problems did Mathew Ho and Asad Muhammad have on launch day?

ran out of helium.

wind was too strong.

balloon suddenly broke.

spacecraft was blown away.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述两个来自加拿大的高三学生利用气象气
球把他们的玩具乐高人送 到太空的过程和结果，并从中学到了努力终会有回报。

（1）推理判断题。根据画线部分后面的Two teens from Toronto, in Canada, sent a Lego man
rising above the Earth and captured their tiny astronaut's trip on film.两 个来自加拿大的少年把
乐高人送入太空，并且把航空之行的过程拍下来了。这是一件很了不起的事情，故 推测这
件事吸引了全世界的目光，即画线部分的意思是吸引了全世界，故选C项。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段的The two teens were inspired by a similar project
performed by students at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT).可知这两个孩子 是受
到了两个麻省理工学生相似实验的启发，然后做了他们自己的实验，即他们是这两个孩子
的 榜样，故选A项。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章第四段的They bought much of their equipment used and even
sewed the Lego man's parachute by hand. In total, the project cost only$$400.可知他们很多的设
备都是二手的，甚至自己缝制乐高人 的降落伞，所以他们的总费用才花了400美元，故选
D项。

（4）细节理解题。根据文章第五段的had a lot of anxiety on launch day because there
were high winds when we were going up,可知，在进行发射的那天风
速很快，这让他们很担心，故选B项。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和推理判断题。细节理解题要注意从文中寻
找答 案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。


4．阅读理解

It was just before 8 a.m. on October 17, 'd checked the higher summits forecast
posted by the Mount Washington Observatory before she left. Based on her experience, Bales
knew that her hike was realistic. Besides, she had two plans and extra layers of clothing to better
regulate her temperature as conditions changed.

At 10:30 a.m., the weather was showing its teeth. Bales added even more layers, including a
jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog. She made her way across the snow—
covered ridge toward Mount Washington and began to think about calling it a day. Then she
noticed something: a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She'd been following faint
tracks all day and hadn't given them much thought, because so many people climbed Jewell Trail.
But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of sneakers. She silently scolded the absent
hiker for breaking normal safety rules and walked on.

Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the hiker could not navigate(找到方向)in the
low visibility and was heading straight toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness.
Bales stood there, shocked. The temperature and clouds were in a race to find their lowest point,
and darkness was mere hours away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks, she'd add risk and
time to the route she'd already adjusted to manage both. But she could not let this go. She
turned to the left and called out,

Bales wouldn't get an answer until a week later, when the president of her rescue group
received a letter in the mail. It read:
remain anonymous(匿名的), but I was called John. On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite
trail, Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was
dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me, changing my clothes, giving
me food, making me warmer.

（1）What does the underlined sentence mean?

weather began to get worse.

controlled the weather.

r could never be predicted.

r was generally changeable.

（2）Why did Bales feel really frightened?

e she lost her way completely.

e the terrible weather was on the way.

e she was blinded by the frozen fog.

e she was convinced that someone was in trouble.

（3）What is the purpose of John's hiking?

challenge his limit.

go up his favorite trail.

donate some money to rescue group.

kill himself without being discovered.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）D

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，贝尔斯在天气恶劣时去登山， 无意发现一串往危险
区域行进的脚印，她知道有人陷入了困境。尽管很害怕，尽管天气情况很糟糕，她还 是跟
着脚印继续前进，最终救了那个人。一周后才知道那人名叫约翰，当时准备自杀。

（1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“Bales added even more layers, including a jacket to
protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog.可知贝尔斯增加更多的衣服来保护自 己免受
寒风和浓雾的侵袭，由此推断划线部分的意思是“天气正在变得更糟”。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the
hiker could not navigate(找到方向)in the low visibility and was heading straight toward the
challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness.“可知贝尔斯看到脚印后非常害怕，因为她知道
有人无法导航，这个人正在向海湾区域前进，那是最具挑战性的线路，即贝尔斯确信有人
遇上麻 烦了，所以她感到害怕。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite trail,
Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was dressed
to go quickly.”可知，约翰这天选择这条线路去登山的目的是在没人看见的情况下结束 自己
的生命，所以他穿的很少，以便快速行走。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细 节理解和句义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行 推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。


5．阅读理解

Huawei Technologies Co. displayed its much- anticipated in-house operating system Harmony
OS on Friday, marking what some call the Chinese tech giant's biggest push yet to build its own
software ecosystem for the era of the internet of things.

The move is also expected to weaken the influence of the United States government's
restrictions on Huawei using Google's Android operating system in smartphones, analysts said.

Yu Chengdong, CEO of Huawei's consumer business group, speaking in Dongguan, Guangdong
province, said it is difficult to deliver a smooth experience across different devices with the huge
amount of codes involved in the Android and Linux operating systems. Linux is an open-source
operating system widely used in personal computers and other hardware.


adding that it will be able to support a wide range of application situations, including smart TVs,
automobiles and wearables.

The internet of things refers to a network of devices and other objects that can connect with
each other and exchange data.

Yu said the US government's restrictions have accelerated the company's marketing of the
system, which now has about 4,000 employees working on it.

The senior executive said Harmony can be used in its smartphones. But Android is still Huawei's
preferred choice for handsets if the company is allowed to use it.

when Android is not available, Harmony can be applied immediately to smartphones.
Harmony is ready,

Jia Mo, an analyst at market research company Canalys, said even if Huawei does not use
Harmony in its smartphones in the short term, its smartwatches and smart TVs can be equipped
with Harmony to widen its use and accumulate more experience in building an ecosystem.


and allow it to be compatible with Android. Thus Harmony will be more accepted by current
Android users. This will prevent Huawei from repeating the fate of Microsoft in promoting
smartphone systems,
smartphones years ago.

（1）What is the significance of the Harmony OS?

A. It symbolizes Huawei has finished its own software ecosystem.

B. It may reduce the threat from US government's restrictions.

C. It will accumulate more experience in building an ecosystem.

D. It successfully borrows from Microsoft's Windows system.

（2）Which of the following may take the place of the underlined word
paragraph?

A. Used harmoniously. B. Operated quickly. C. Resisted fiercely. D. Monitored closely.

（3）Where may we find this article?

A. Fashion magazines. B. TV interviews. C. Historic documents. D. News websites.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了华为的鸿蒙系统的发布。此系统的发布还
有望削弱美国 政府对华为在智能手机中使用谷歌Android操作系统的限制。更重要的是，
华为选择将鸿蒙系统构 建为开源操作的系统，并允许它与Android系统兼容。这样就可以
阻止华为重蹈微软在智能手机系 统推广上的覆辙。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The move is also expected to weaken the influence of
the United States government's restrictions on Huawei using Google's Android operating system
in smartphones, analysts said. ”可知，华为希望鸿蒙操作系统能够削弱来自美国 政府禁止华
为在智能手机里使用谷歌安卓系统的影响。故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Also, more importantly, Huawei chose to build
Harmony into an open-source operating system and allow it to be compatible with Android. Thus
Harmony will be easily accepted by current Android users.”鸿蒙是一个“open- source operating
system”开源操作系统，华为选择将鸿蒙安装在一个对各种 资源开放的操作系统中，就是让
它能够与安卓系统兼容。故选A。

（3）考查推理 判断。这篇文章讲述的不是时尚、学术或科学问题，它的文体属于新闻，
所以可以在新闻网站上找到。故 选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻 报
道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出
正确 答案。


6．阅读理解

In 1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a bar-headed goose soar over the peak of Mount
Everest (珠穆朗玛). It was thought impossible. Now researchers who raised 19 of the geese—
named for the black stripes on the backs of their heads—have shown the birds really fly so high.

The team trained the youngsters to fly in a large wind tunnel wearing backpacks and face
masks full of sensors that recorded their heart rate. blood oxygen levels, temperature, and
metabolic rate—how many calories they burned per hour. The researchers simulated(模拟)10w-,
medium-, and high-altitude conditions by altering the concentration of oxygen supplied to face
masks worn by each goose as it flew in the tunnel.

Birds already have a better heart and lungs than mammals for sustained physical activity. And
researchers knew that bar-headed geese have even larger, thinner lungs that let them breathe
more deeply and an even bigger heart to pump more oxygen to muscles than other birds.

The wind tunnel experiments showed that when the concentration of oxygen was at its lowest-
like the 7% found on top of Mount Everest versus 21% at sea level—the geese's heart rate and
frequency of wing beats remained the same even as their metabolic rate dropped. Somehow, the
birds managed to cool down their blood-the measured blood temperature dropped so it could
take in more oxygen, the researchers report today in eLife. This cooling likely helps compensate
for the very thin air, the team says.

Although well trained, the birds were only willing to stay in the air a few minutes-or less when
wearing their backpacks and flying at 6ihighaltitudes. So it's not clear whether these
adaptations alone are what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount
Everest. But those few minutes showed these geese really could fly over the top of Mount Everest.

（1）Why did the researchers raise 19 bar-headed geese and train them?

A. To test the flying height and speed of them.

B. To confirm they could fly over Mount Everest.

C. To observe them flying through the wind tunnel.

D. To see how many calories they burned per hour.

（2）What can we learn from the wind tunnel experiment?

A. It was carried out at very high altitude.

B. The geese managed to breathe less when their blood decreased.

C. The geese could live through the lowest concentration of oxygen.

D. It shows the geese could fly at high altitude for long.

（3）What still puzzles scientists about the geese?

A. Whether they have super hearts and lungs.

B. Whether they have muscles pumped more oxygen to.

C. Whether they are willing to wear backpacks and face masks.

D. Whether they can manage to fly 8 hours to climb over Mount Everest.

（4）Where does the text most probably come from?

A. A science fiction. B. A climbing guide. C. A travel brochure. D. A science report.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文， 登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的
顶峰，为了确认其真实性，研究人员养了18只这种鹅 ，在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果
发现这种鹅可以在氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟， 因此能否飞过珠峰尚
不明确。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的1953, a mountain climber reported seeing a bar-
headed goose soar over the peak of Mount Everest. It was thought impossible.报道说，一名登
山者看到 一只斑头鹅飞过珠穆朗玛峰。人们认为这是不可能的；以及
raised 19 of the geese-named for the black stripes on the backs of their heads-have shown the
birds really fly so high.现在研究人员饲养了这种鹅，他们发现这些鹅真的飞得很高。再根据
最后一段中的
t he 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest. But those few minutes showed these geese
really could fly over the top of Mount Everest .但是否能让这种鹅飞8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰尚
不清楚。由此可推断出研究人员饲养这种鹅是为了证实这 种鹅是否能飞过珠峰。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的wind tunnel experiments showed that when the
concentration of oxygen ...the geese's heart rate and frequency of wing beats remained the same
even as their metabolic rate dropped....the researchers report today in elife. This cooling likely
helps comp可知 风洞实验表明，当氧气浓度最低时，鹅的心率和翅膀搏动频 率保持不变，
即使它们的新陈代谢率下降。研究人员今天在《伊利费》杂志上报道说，...这种降温可 能
有助于补偿空气的稀薄；第五段中的
in the air a few minutes- or less ...尽管训练有素，但这些鸟只愿意在空中呆上几分钟。这两
处综合推断出，鹅可以 在最低浓度的氧气中生存。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
what make it possible to fly the 8 hours it takes to climb over Mount Everest.可 知，目前尚不
清楚的是，只有这些适应性变化能否可以飞行8小时爬上珠穆朗玛峰。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。第一段中提到登山者报告说看到一只长颈鹅翱翔在珠穆朗玛峰的顶
峰。 为了证实是否可能，研究人员养了18只这种鹅，并在大型风洞中训练它们飞行。结果
发现这种鹅可以在 氧气极低的情况下飞行，但停留时间只有几分钟，因此能否飞过珠峰尚
不明确。由此可知本文属于科普文 章。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生根 据上下文进
行分逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。


7．阅读理解

A few hours after my first mission, returning to Earth on the space shuttle Endeavour, I
completed all of my medical tests after flight, met with NASA officials, and reunited with my
family. Finally, I was alone in my office room in astronaut crew quarters at the Kennedy Space
Center, exhausted and ready for bed. And I did what anyone does when they return to their hotel
room on a business trip: I turned on the TV. The television news started up: Such and such had
happened, people were shocked, blah blah blah. Sports scores. Silly commercials.

It didn't take more than a minute before I had to turn it off. It felt like my body was rejecting all
this input, just as it would reject an organ donation that had the wrong blood type. All of this
noise was just completely foreign to who I was—or, more appropriately, who I had become. A few
hours before, I had been orbiting Earth, seeing our planet from space, flying the most amazing
machine ever built by human hands, working with a team that was the absolute success of
human. And now here in my room watching what was being sold as news, and with my newfound
perspective, I just could not stomach it. My worldview was changed forever in a profound (深刻
的) way.

The biggest change by far and the one for which I will always be most grateful is this big-picture
perspective. That will stick with me for the rest of my life.

Whenever I feel the pressure of modern life, the stress about work, or worry about the future, I
remember my time in the space station. Back to seeing the sun set Or watching our galaxy rise on
the horizon. Or seeing a sea of lightning flash a hundred times a second. Or simply back to
floating weightlessly.

When I'm there in my mind and realize how many billions of these beautiful sunsets there have
been and will be in the future, the cares of the world just don't seem that pressing. It goes that,

on the planet is so much better with this attitude!

（1）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word stomach in paragraph
2?

A. Access. B. Attend. C. Accept. D. Afford.

（2）What is the most important change to the writer?

A. He has a broader view of the world.

B. He doesn't like watching TV any more.

C. He will always be most grateful for everything.

D. He can fly the most amazing machine by hands.

（3）What attitude to life does the writer tend to have?

A. caged bird longs for clouds. B. Live in the present moment.

C. Let bygones be bygones. D. Time works great changes.

【答案】 （1）C

（2）A

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议 文，讲述了在一次太空之旅后作者对待生活的态度
的变化。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“It didn't take more than a minute before I had to turn it
off.”以及画线词后的“My worldview was changed forever in a profound (深刻的) way.”可知，我
的世界观以一种深刻的方式永远改变了，因此此处是说以我现在的视角，看这种新闻 是我
无法忍受的，所以不到一分钟我就关掉了电视，由此可知画线词词义为“接受、忍受”，故
选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The biggest change by far and the one for which I will
always be most grateful is this big-picture perspective.”可知，作者最重要的改变是他对世界有
更广阔的看法，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It goes that, ‘Do not worry about tomorrow, for
tomorrow will worry about itself.’ Living daily life down here on the planet is so much better with
this attitude!”可 知，它说，“不要为将来担心，生活在这个星球上的日常生活是如此的好，
这句话表明了作者对待生活的 态度是不要担心将来，活在当下，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推 理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟
类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系 ，进行分析，推理，从而
选出正确答案。


8．阅读理解

Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours

Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

Duration Tour

This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful
flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the
famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry
blossoms—disappear!

Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour

Duration: 3 hours (4 miles)

Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C.
Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts
and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.

Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

Duration: 3 hours

Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking
to experience Washington, a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will
entertain you with the most, interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.
Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.

Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour

Duration: 3 hours(7miles)

Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get
up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National
Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour
includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety
lights.

（1）Which tour do you need to book in advance?

A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.

C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.

D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.

（2）What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?

A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.

C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.

（3）Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?

A. City maps. B. Cameras C. Meals. D. Safety lights.

【答案】 （1）A

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文介绍了四个有特色的华盛顿特区自行车之旅。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的your spot before availability— the cherry
blossoms—disappear!可知，华盛顿的樱花自行车之旅需要在樱花消 失之前预定好位置，故
选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的guides will entertain you with the most
interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.可知，在首都自行车之旅
中可以听到导游讲的有关总统、国会、纪念碑等有趣的故事，故选 D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中的All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety
lights可知，夜间自行车之旅配备反光背心和安全灯，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。涉及细节理解题，要注意仔细阅读从文中寻找答案。


9． （2019?北京）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选
项。

By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to
a warming climate, according to a new study.

At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called
phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create
colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on
the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of
phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's
appearance.

Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the
ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an
important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to
the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect
phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also
nutrients.

Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science, built a climate