英语六级难度快速阅读

2021年1月16日发(作者：喻传鉴)
英语六级难度快速阅读【模拟题】
石涛 2011-11-05 14:45:29
Reading Comprehension (Skimming andScanning)(15 minute
s)



Directions: In thispart, you will have 15 minutes to go over the pass
age quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questi
ons 1-7, choose the best answer from thechoices marked A), B), C)
and D). For questions 8 to10, complete the sentenceswith the infor
mation given in the passage.



How to Be a Leader

At a moment when we are waiting to seewhether we have elected a
President or a leader, it is worth examining thedifferences between t
he two. For not every president is a leader, but everytime we elect
a President we hope for one, especially in times of doubt andcrisis. I
n easy times we are ambivalent----the leader, after all, makes dem
ands,challenges the status quo, shakes things up.

Leadership is as much a question of timing asanything else. The lea
der must appear on the scene at a moment when people arelooking
for leadership ,as Churchill did in 1940, as Rooseveltdid in 1933, as
Lenin in 1917. And when he comes, he must offer a simple,eloquent
message.

Great leaders are almost always greatsimplifiers, who cut through a
rgument, debate and doubt to offer a solutioneverybody can unders
tand and remember. Churchill warned the British to expect
oil, tears and sweat
ve to fear is fear itself
ace, land and bread. Straightforward but potent messages.

It also helps for a leader to be able to dosomething most of us can't
: FDR overcame polio; Mao swam the Yangtse Riverat the age of 72
. We don't want our leaders to be
like us but better, special, more so. Yet if they are toodifferent, we
reject them. Adlai Stevenson was too cerebral. Nelson Rockfeller,to
o rich.

A leader must know how to use power (that' swhat leadership is abo
ut) but he also has to have way of showing that he has to b
e able to project firmness-no physical clumsiness (like Ford), norapi
d eye movement (like Carter).

A Chinese philosopher once remarked that aleader must have the gr
ace of a good dancer, and there is a great deal ofwisdom to this. A l
eader should know how to appear relaxed and confident. Hiswalk sh
ould be firm and purposeful. He should be able, like Lincoln, FDR,Tr
uman, Ike and JFK, to give a good , hearty, belly laugh, instead of s
icklygrin that passes for good humor in Nixon or Carter. Ronald Rea
gan's training asan actor showed to good effect in the debate with C
arter, when by his easymanner and apparent affability, he managed
to convey the impression that infact he was the President and Cart
er the challenger.

If we know what we're looking for, why is itso difficult to find? The a
nswer lies in a very simple truth about can only b
e led where they want to go. The leader follows, through astep ahea
d. Americans wanted to climb out of the Depression and needed so
meoneto tell them they could do it, and FDR did. The British believe
d that theycould still win the war after the defeats of 1940, and Chu
rchill told them theywere right.

A leader rides the waves , moves with thetides, understands the de
epest desires of his people. He cannot make a nationthat wants pea
ce at any price go to war, or stop a nation determined to fightfrom
doing so. His purpose must match the national mood. His task is to
focusthe people's energies and desires, to define them in simple ter
ms, to inspire,to make what people already want seem attainable, i
mportant, within theirgrasp.

Above all, he must dignify our desires,convince us that we are takin
g part in the making of great history, give us asense of glory about
ourselves. Winston Churchill managed, by sheer rhetoric,to turn the
British defeat and the evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940 into a major vi
ctory. FDR'swords turned the sinking of the American fleet at Pearl
Harbourinto a national rallying cry instead of a humiliating national
scandal. Aleader must stir our blood, not appeal to our reason.

For this reason, businessmen generally makepoor leaders. They ten
d to be pragmatists who think that once you've explainedwhy somet
hing makes sense, people will do it. But history shows the fallacy oft
his belief. When times get tough, people don't want to be told what
wentwrong, or lectured, or given a lot of complicated statistics and
plans (likeCarter's energy policy)they don't understand. They want t
o be moved, excited,inspired, consoled, uplifted---in short, led!

A great leader must have a certain irrationalquality, a stubborn refu
sal to face facts, infectious optimism, the ability toconvince us that
all is not lost even when we're afraid it is. Confuciussuggested that,
while the adviser of a great leader should be as cold as ice,the leade
r himself should have fire, a spark of divine madness.

He won't come until we're ready for him, forthe leader is like a mirr
or, reflecting back to us our own sense of purpose,putting into word
s our own dreams and hopes, transforming our needs and fearsinto
coherent policies and programs.

Our strength makes him strong ourdetermination makes him deter
mined; our courage makes him a hero; he is , inthe final analysis, t
he symbol of the best in us, shaped by our own spirit andwill. And w
hen these qualities are lacking in us, we can't produce him; andeve
n with all our skill at image building, we can't fake him. He is, after
all,merely the sum of us.



1. In this passagethe author is mainly talking about ____________
______.

A) the differencesbetween a President and a leader

B) specific ways tobecome a leader

C) the makings (素质)of a leader