范How to Learn English Vocabulary？如何学习英语词汇？英汉对照

2021年1月16日发(作者：曲云龙)
How to Learn English Vocabulary？如何学习英语词汇？

We begin our English study with vocabulary learning. Vocabulary is one
of the basic elements that form a language. People often compare
vocabulary to bricks and tiles of the language building. It is impossible
for us to build high buildings without them. There is no language without
vocabulary. What’s more, we have to take all kinds of exams. So we can’t
go without vocabulary. For example, vocabulary is one of the necessities
of annual multiple choice in NMET (National Matriculation English Test).
As we can see often, in learning practice, some students always complain
that they can not remember the words, so that they can not increase their
reading rate or forget the words when they begin to write, not knowing
how to spell or to use them. What is the way out? In addition to hard work,
we should master some studying , I introduce some methods of
memorizing vocabulary:
1. The see- say- write is a method which needs to use your eyes,
mouth and hands at the same time. Using eyes means that we must see clearly
the spelling, parts of speech, senses of a word. Beginners must pay
attention to them. This is because with more words to learn there are more
and more words that have similar spellings or meanings. They are easy to
confuse, such as advice and advise, quite and quiet, accident and
incident, and so on. Some words are frequently used, but they are easy
to spell wrong, like science, modern, and so forth.
Using a mouth means that we should read words aloud. English is a kind
of alphabet system of writing. So long as we can read them aloud correctly,
we are able to spell them out, whether short words like note, but and table,
or long words like construction, electricity and leadership.
Using hands means that we should write the word as we read it. Writing
the word can deepen impression. The more we write, the deeper impression
we have. Do remember to use your hands. Otherwise, you will think that
you have seen,readand knownit before, but as a result, when you write the
very word, you often spell it wrong.
2. Learn word formation. Word formation shows that there are some rules
for forming words. If you master the rules, it will be of some help to
spelling and memorizing, There are a lot of derivative and compound words
in English. Once we have learnt the rules for the derivative and compound,
words are not difficult to memorize though they may have many letters.
3. Classifying memorization. When you have learned a certain number of
words, you can classify them. For instance, plus, minus, and times are
mathematical vocabulary. However, gas, liquid, solid, etc, are physical
vocabulary; and apple, pear, orange, banana, peach, etc, are fruit
vocabulary. By doing this, we can arouse association of ideas and make
ourselves interested in English study.
4. Pay attention to the variety of word senses.
In many languages, most words have more than one sense. Some have dozens
of senses and some even more.
5. Pay attention to different kinds of parts of speech of a word.
With our vocabulary increasing, we will meet more and more words which
have several kinds of parts of speech.
6. Association
It is a method with which we can think about a word from one to another.
For example, we want to memorize the word tree, do not remember t-r-e-e
so far. We should enlarge it to the following: stick, branch, trunk, stem,
etc. By this means, we can associate many separate words and expressions,
and the result will be much better.
7. Comparison
When we memorize words, we can compare two similar words with each other.
For example, bother(v)—brother(n). In this way we can see clearly the
differences between two words. As a result, we can remember them very well.
8. Humorous language
In English, there are some dialogues that are made up in the words which
have the same spelling but different meanings. They are often puns
(equivocation) which provide much food for thought. By this means, we can
remember the words which have several meanings.
9. Joke materials
In English most joke materials are made up according to their
pronunciation , spelling and meanings of some words. And English words
often have several meanings. If we make use of this special feature, we
can make up some jokes which are easily remembered.
In short, if we learn a language, we must learn and remember its
vocabulary. Only when we use all sorts of methods to help us to memorize
them, can we learn it easily, quickly and firmly.
译文：
如何学习英语词汇？
我们一开 始学习英语就学习英语词汇。词汇是最基本的要素之一，词汇形成了语
言。人们往往把词汇比作语言建筑 的砖和瓦。没有砖瓦我们就无法建立高层建筑。
没有词汇就没有语言。更重要的是，我们必须参加各种考 试。因此，我们不能没
有词汇。举例来说，词汇在NMET（全国高考英语考试）中是必不可少的。 < br>正如我们经常可以看到，在学习实践中，有些学生总是抱怨说，他们不记得单词，
因此，他们不能 加快阅读的速度，或他们一开始写就不记得以前的单词，不懂怎
么拼写或不懂怎么用。应该怎么办呢？除 了努力工作，我们应该掌握一些学习方
法。在这里，我介绍一些词汇的记忆方法：
1、看，说 ，写的方法。这种方法，需要同时使用你的眼睛，嘴和手。用眼睛意
味着，我们必须清醒地看到拼写和词 义。初学者一定要注意他们。这是因为学的
单词越来越多，它们有类似的拼写和意思。它们很容易混淆， 如advice and
advise(意见和建议)，quite and quiet(非常和安静)，accident and incident(意
外和事故)等。一些词 很常用，但它们很容易出现拼写错误，如science(科学)，
modern(现代的)，等等。
用嘴，就是要读出单词。英语是一种字母文字。只要我们能够正确地朗读，我们
能够说出来，不 论简短单词，像note, but and table(说明，但是，和表)，还
是长的单词，例如construction, electricity and leadership(建筑，电力和
领导)。
使用双手 ，就是当我们读这个单词的时候要写出这个单词。用手写可以加深印象。
我们写得越多，印象就越深，我 们务必要记得使用我们的手。否则，你会认为你
以前已经看到过，但结果呢，当你写的这个单词，你经常 拼写错。
2、学习构词法。构词方式表明，单词的构成是有规则的。如果你掌握了这些规
则, 这将有利于帮助拼写和记忆单词。英语有很多衍生词和复合词。一旦我们学
会了衍生词和复合词的构成规 则，单词就不难记了，即使它们由很多的字母构成。
3、分类背诵。当你学到了一定数量的单词，你可 以把它们分类。例如，加，减，
乘和除。这些都是数学方面的词汇。但是，气体、液体、固体等，都是有 关状态
的语汇，而苹果，梨，桔子，香蕉，桃子等，都关于是水果的词汇。这样，我们
可以引起 的联想，使自己对英语学习感兴趣。
4、注意单词的多种意思
在许多语言中，大多数的词都不只一个意思。有的词有几十个意思,有的甚至更
多。