瓶颈2020高考英语阅读理解精品练习(2)

2021年1月16日发(作者：尤世求)
2020高考英语阅读理解精品练习（2）
2020高考英语阅读理解精品练习（2）及答案（解析）

C7 [2020·重庆卷] E
It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The a fixation
with the weather finds expression in n's famous comment that “When two English
meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson's observation is as accurate now as it
was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing
explanation for this English weather－speak.
Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that，as the English weather is not at all exciting，the
obsession with it can hardly be argues that “To an outsider，the most
striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the
reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.
Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by
nature is wrong, he says，because the English preference for the weather
has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. 揟he interest is less in th e phenomena
themselves, but in uncertainty.?According to him, the weather in England is very
changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.
Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weatherr－speak among
the commentators, somehow, are missing the English weather
conversation is not really about the weather at h weather－speak is a system of
signs，which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually
talk to each ne knows conversations starting with weather－speak are not
requests for weather , they are routine greetings，conversation starters or the
blank “fillers”. In other words, English weather－speak is a means of social bonding.
72．The author mentions n's comment to show that ________．
A．most commentators agree with n
B．n is famous for his weather observation
C．the comment was accurate two hundred years ago
D．English conversations usually start with the weather
73．What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?
A．A social trend.
B．An emotional state.
C．A historical concept.
D．An unknown phenomenon.
74．According to the passage，Jeremy Paxman believes that ________．
A．Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather
B．there is nothing special about the English weather
C．the English weather attracts people to the British Isles
D．English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty
75．What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?
A．To explain what English weather－speak is about.
B．To analyse misconceptions about the English weather.
C．To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.
D．To convince people that the English weather is changeable.
【要点综述】 本文通过对Bill Bryson和Jeremy Paxman两人迥然不同的观点的陈述来阐
明对英国人以天气为寒暄内容的见解。
72．D 逻辑推断题。通过引用名人名言来说明英国人以天气为寒暄内容的现象很普遍。
73．B 词义推断题。Bill Bryson认为英国天气单一(there is not very much of it)不足以引
起人们的情感响应，因此该词此处指的是 “情感状态”。
74．D 细节理解题。倒数第二段中有“The interest is less in the phenomena themselves,
but in uncertainty.”(意思是 ：人们对英国气候的关注点不是气候本身，而是气候的不确定
性。)由此可知答案。
75．A 写作目的题。通过对Bill Bryson和Jeremy Paxman两人迥然不同的观点的陈述来
阐明对英国人以天气为寒暄内容的见解。
(2020·江西九校联考，E)
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family,
friends, neighbors，even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost
seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in
1858 by William Farr，who wrote that widowers(鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying
than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as
seven years to a man's life and two to a woman's. The effect holds for all causes of death，
whether illness, accident or self-harm.
Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite
of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can
expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart.
Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a
divorced man who doesn't smoke. There's a flip_side，however，as partners are more
likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse's death，and caring
for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.
Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people，
Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks
have similar effects.
So how does it work? The effects are complex，affected by socio-economic factors，
healthservice provision ，emotional support and other more physiological (生理
的)mechanisms. For example，social contact can boost development of the brain and
immune system，leading to better, health and less chance of depression later in life. People
in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological
benefits of a supportive partner.
A life partner，children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The
ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says：“People are
interconnected，so their health is interconnected.”
善于交际和拥有良好的婚姻关系和社会关系网络是长寿的良方。
17．Linda Waite's studies support the idea that ________.
A. older men should quit smoking to stay healthy
B. marriage can help make up for ill health
C. the married are happier than the unmarried
D. unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life
答案：B。事实细节题。由第2段第2、3句“Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has
found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years
longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes
more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn't smoke.”可知
答案。
18．It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 5, Para. 2) refers to ________.
A. the disadvantages of being married
B. the emotional problems arising from marriage
C. the responsibility of taking care of one's family
D. the consequence of a broken marriage
答案：A。推理判断题。由第2段后半部分的“as partners are more likely to become ill or
die in the couple of years following their spouse's death, and caring for a spouse with
mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.” 可推断出说的是婚
姻的副作用，故答案为A。
19．What does the author say about social networks?
A. They have effects similar to those of a marriage.
B. They help develop people's community spirit.
C. They provide timely support for those in need.
D. They help relieve people of their life's burdens.
答案：A。推理判断题。由尾段内容可推知A项正确。
20．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. It's important that we develop a social network when young.
B. To stay healthy，one should have a proper social network.
C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.
D. We should share our social networks with each other.
答案：B。推理判断题。由尾段尾句“People are interconnected, so their health is
interconnected.(人们是相互关联的，健康也是如此)”可推断出B项正确。
C8[2020·湖南卷]
Harvard researchers have created a tough, low-cost, biodegradable(可生物降解
的) material inspired by insects' hard outer shells. The material's inventors say it has a
number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly