卑微英语单词学习[01]

2021年1月16日发(作者：倪国琏)
单词学习
where
疑问副词,意为”哪里”,就地点进行提问,放在句首。
-Where are the books? They are on the desk.
I live in Beijing. → Where do you live?
The children are on the playground.(就划线部分提问)
____ ____ the children?
pal
作名词,意为”好朋友,伙伴 ”,相当于friend,多用于口语中,
有时用于构成合成词,表示在某方面关系密切的朋友.
Jim is our old pal. 吉姆是我的老朋友.
I want to have a pen pal. 我想有一个笔友.
We have a pen ____ in America. We often write to each
other.
A pal B pals C friends D man
from
介词, 构成词组 be from,意为”从…来,是….人,来自于…”,相
当于come from,皆表示某人来自某一地方,后接地名,be
from 与come from 构成的句子其否定句和疑问句形式不
同
I am from America 我来自美国.
= I come from America.
He isn’t from China. 她不是中国人.
= He doesn’t come from China.
Is she from Australia? 她是澳大利亚人吗?
=Does she come from Australia?
(1) 表示时间,意为自…,从…
I stay here from my childhood. 我从孩提时代就住在这
儿
(2) 表示场所,意为从…
Don't jump from the tree. 不要从树上跳下来
He fell from his bike. 他从自行车上摔下来
(3) 表示数量,顺序,意为从…
My daughter can count from one to one undred.
我女儿能从1数到100.
(4) 表示距离,意为从…离开
My school is 2 kilometers from my home.
我学校离我家2公里远
(5)表示出处,由来,意为从…,自…,出自….
I got a letter from a friend in Sichuan.
我收到了来自四川朋友的一封信
(6)表材料,意为由…(做成)
Paper is made from wood. 纸是木头做的.
(7) from 可构成很多习惯用语:
from house to house 挨家挨户
from hand to hand 一手转一手
from head to foot 从头到脚
from morning to tonight 从早到晚
from beginning to end 自始至终
from now on 从现在起
from then on 从那时起
-Where is your sister from? -She ____ from Canada.
A are B does C do D is
Canada
意为加拿大其首都为Ottawa(渥太华)
My friend is from Canada.
(1) 形容词为Canadian.加拿大的,加拿大人的.
She is a Canadian girl. 她是个加拿大女孩.
(2) Canadian 作名词,意为加拿大人其复数形式为
Canadians.
We are Canadians. 我们是加拿大人.
____ come from ______.
A Canada, Canada B Canadas, Canadian
C Canadians, Canada D Canadian, Canadian
the United States
意为美国可略写为 the US, 另一种写法为 自the
United Sates of America, 略作 the USA, 或是 America.
My pen pal is from the United States. 我的笔友来自美国
= My pen pal is from the US.
=My pen pal is from the USA.
=My pen pal is from America.
the United States为专用名词,首字母必须大写.
the United Kingdom = the UK 英国
He is from the U______ S_______.
His wife is from the U_____ K_____.
country
作名词,意为国家,祖国为可数名词,其复数为countries.
与the 连用,表示国民也可表示乡下,郊外,农村
China is a large country. 中国是个大国.
The country like him very much. 全国人民都喜欢他.
-Where do you live? 你住在哪里?
-I live in the country. 我住在农村.
We students should serve our country.
我们学生应该为我们的祖国服务
a developing country 发展中国家
a developed country 发达国家
China is a developing c________.
live
作不及物动词,意为居住不能直接跟地点名词,其后应< br>跟表示地点的状语,当接表示地点的名词时,需加相应的介
词.当接表示地点的副词时,其后则不 加任何介词.
I live in Beijing and my mother lives in Shanghai.
我住在北京,我妈妈住在上海.
-Where do you live? 你住在哪里?
-I live here. 我住在这里.
live in … 住在…,后接表示国家城市等大地方的名词.
live at… 住在….后接小地方.
live on… 以…为食
live to be… 活到…
live & stay
live 指长期居住, stay 为短期停留.
-Where does your uncle ______?
-He _______ in Beijing.
A live, live B lives, lives C live, lives D lives, live
language
作名词,意为语言构成词组
the spoken language 口语
the written language 书面语
foreign language 外语
body language 肢体语言
-What _____ can you speak? -Chinese.
A language B country C life D people
Australia
国家名称,意为澳大利亚其形容词为Australian. 意为
澳大利亚(人)的也可作名词,意为澳大利亚人
I'm from Australia. 我来自澳大利亚.
This is an Australian boy. 这是一个澳大利亚男孩.
_______ come from _______.
A Japan, Japanese B Canadians, Canada
C Australian, Australia D Chinese, Chinese
world
作名词,意为世界构成词组.
all over the world = around the world 全世界
the world of today 今日世界
the World Bank 世界银行
in the world 在世界上
The world becomes smaller and smaller because of the
Internet. 因为互联网,世界变得越来越小.
There are many countries _____ the world.
A on B in C after D of
French
(1) 作名词,意为法语不可数名词,
构成词组 speak French.
-Can you speak French? 你会说法语吗?
-Yes, a little. 是的, 会一点.
(2) 作名词时,还可表示法国人常与the搭配, 是法国人
的总称.
The French are said to have a sense of beauty.
据说法国人有欣赏美的感受力.
(3) 作形容词,意为法国的,法国人的,法语的
She is French. 她是法国人.
表示一个法国人要用a Frenchman/Frenchwoman.
He is a Frenchman. 他是一个法国人.
Lucy is a girl from _____. She can speak _____.
A French, France B France, French
C French, French D France, France
have/there be
(1) have 表示某人拥有某物或某物归某人所有其第三
人称单数形式为has.
(2)there be 表示某处有某人或某物是一个倒装句,be后
面的名词作主语,当主语是单数或不可数名词时用is,是 复数
时用are,这称为就近原则.
There is a book on the desk.在桌子上有一本书.
There are two pens in the pencil-box.
在铅笔盒里有两支钢笔
There is some milk in the glass. 在玻璃杯里有一些牛奶.
I have some apples and oranges. 我有一些苹果和橘子.
Tom has a bother. 汤姆有一个哥哥.
My brother _____ a pen and a pencil in the pencil-box.
favorite
作名词,意为最喜欢的人(物),特别喜欢的人(物)
作形容词,意为喜爱的,特别中意的前面常用物主代词等
限定词来修饰.
My favorite food is hamburgers.
我最喜欢的食物是汉堡包.
Math is my favorite subject. 数学是我最喜爱的科目.
Eggs are my favorite. 我最喜欢鸡蛋.
What's your/his/her favorite…? 意为你最喜欢的…是什
么?表示最喜欢还可用like… best 来表示.
What's your favorite subject? 你最喜欢什么科目?
= What subject is your favorite?
= What subject do you like best?
My father's favorite fuit is oranges.
我父亲最喜欢的水果是桔子
= Oranges are my father's favorite.
= My father likes oranges best.
My favorite food is eggs.(改为同义句)
I _____ eggs _____.
English
名词,意为英语,英国人当表示英语时,为不可数名词,
常与speak连用,表示英国人时 作可数名词,其单复数一样;
作形容词,意为英国(人)的,英语的可作表语和定语.
I speak English very well. 我英语说得很好.
-What language can you speak? 你会说什么语言?
-I can speak English. 我会说英语.
My pen pal is English. 我的笔友是英国人.
My teacher can speak English. (就画线部分提问)
_____ _____ can your teacher _____?
want
作动词,意为想,想要相当于would like,其后可接名词作
宾语,可接不定式作宾语,也可接sb to do sth.
I want a new bike. 我想要一辆新自行车.
He wants to go to Beijing. 他想去北京.
My mother wants me to be a doctor.
我妈妈想让我成为一名医生.
(1)feel like 意为想,想要相当于want,但其后接名词或动
名词作宾语,不可接动词不定式.
I feel like playing football. 我想踢足球
He feels like a new book. 他想要一本新书.
(2)think 意为想,认为,思考与want不同,后常接代词或从
句作宾语.
I think he is a good student. 我认为他是一个好学生.
He thinks it difficult to learn English.
他认为学习英语很难.
Tom wants his mother _____ a new computer for him.
A buys B buy C to buy D buying
interesting
作形容词,意为有趣的,令人感兴趣的在句中可作表语
和定语.
The film is very interesting. 这部电影很有趣.
I have an interesting book. 我有一本有趣的书.
(1)interested意为感兴趣的常构成词组,be interested
in,u意为对…感兴趣其主语多为人.而interesting的主语
多为物.
I am interested in the film. 我对这部电影感兴趣.
The book is very interesting. 这本书很有趣.
(2)有类似区别的还有exciting/excited,
surprising/surprised
That is an ______ movie.
A interest B interested C interesting D interests
a little/little/a few/few
(1) a little 意为一点儿后接不可数名词,表示肯定.
(2) little 意为几乎没有后接不可数名词,表示否定.
(3) a few意为一些后接可数名词复数,表示肯定.
(4) few意为几乎没有后接可数名词复数,表示否定.
There's little coffee in the bottle. 瓶里几乎没有咖啡了.
She only eats a little ice cream every day.
她每天只吃一点点冰淇淋.
I have few friends. I'm new here.
我几乎没有朋友,我是新来的.
There are a few books in the bag.
在书包里有一些书.
Don't worry, we have _____ time.
A a little B little C a few D few
like
(1) 作动词,意为喜欢,爱好无进行时态.
①like sb/sth 意为喜欢某人或某物
I like my mother. 我爱我妈妈.
My father likes eggs. 我父亲喜欢吃鸡蛋.
②like to do sth 意为喜欢做某事强调一次性的具体行为.
I like to swim this afternoon. 今天下午我想去游泳.
③like doing sth 意为喜欢做某事表示经常的,反复,习惯
性的动作.
We all like playing football. 我们都喜欢踢足球.
④like sb to do sth 意为喜欢某人做某事
My father likes me to keep clean. 我父亲喜欢我保持干
净(2)作介词,意为像…与be构成谓语.
The man is like my teacher. 那人像我的老师.
like love & enjoy
like是一般用语,语气弱,指对某人某事产生好感,意为喜欢
love意为爱, 热爱程度上比like深,多用于表示爱祖国,父
母等.一般情况下可与like互换.
enjoy强调享受某种乐趣,指因某事某物而感到愉悦,后接名
词,代词或动名词.
He likes English very much.他非常喜欢英语
I love my country. 我热爱我的国家
Come here and enjoy the big dinner. 过来享受丰盛晚餐
I like _____, but today I don't like _____.
A watching TV, watching TV B watch TV, to watch TV
C watching TV, to watch TV D to watch TV, to watch TV
with
作介词,在不同的短语中有不同的意思.
(1) 表示具有,带有
He is a boy with long hair. 他是个留长发的男孩.
(2) 表示使用某种工具或材料
I need a pen to write with. 我需要一支钢笔来写字.
(3) 表示和…一起
I often go to the movies with my friends.
我经常和朋友们一起去看电影.
(4) 表示伴随着
With these words, he left the room.
说着这些话,他离开了教室.
☆ with 引导的介词短语所修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词
的形式与被修饰的名词一致,类似的介词还有 but, like,
together with等.
Our teacher with us goes to the park every week.
我们和我们的老师每周都去公园.
I want a house _____ a big garden.
A in B of C with D for
in school/in the school
两词都有在学校之意,但侧重点不同.
in school 强调在学校学习
in the school 强调在学校里不一定在学习,强调地方.
☆有类似区别用法的还有:
in hospital 住院 at table 就餐
in the hospital 在医院里 at the table 在
桌子旁边
I study math and PE _____ school.
A in B in the C at D at the
post
作名词,意为邮件,邮递不可数名词.
I received a lot of post today. 今天我收到许多邮件.
(1) post office 邮局
(2) post 作动词,意为邮递
Did you post the letter? 你寄信了吗?
Can you p_____ this letter for me?
hotel
作名词,意为酒店,旅馆表示酒店等级多用class 或star
a first-class hotel 一流酒店
a five-star hotel 五星级酒店
There is a _____(旅馆)near the school.
bank
(1)作名词,意为银行
There is a bank near here. 在这附近有一家银行.
(2) 作名词,意为河岸,堤岸
There are many banana trees on both banks of the river.
在河的两岸有许多香蕉树.
My mother often puts money in a b_____.
street/way/avenue
(1) street意为街,街道多指市区内供车辆行人走的道路.
I like playing in the street. 我喜欢在街上玩.
(2) way意为道路具有广泛的意义,还可表示抽象意义的
路,路途,方法等.
Let me tell you the way to my home.
让我来告诉你到我家的路.
(3) avenue多指两侧有树的道路,或用来指城市中一侧或两
侧建筑物林立的大道.
There is a library on Fifth Avenue.
I live _____ Green Street.
A on B in C at D of
pay
作动词,意为付钱,支付构成以下词组:
(1) pay sb 付钱给某人
You should pay him. 你应该付钱给他.
(2) pay money for sth 为某物付钱
He paid 2 yuan for the book. 买这本书他花了2元钱.
(3) pay sb money for sth 为某物付给某人钱
I paid him ten dollars for the coat.
买那件上衣我付给了他10美元
(4) pay money to sb for sth为某物付给某人钱
He pays 40 yuan to the teacher for English lessons every
week. 他每周为英语课付给老师40元钱.
take spend cost pay
(1) take 用于表示花时间金钱等,其主语是物,或用以下句型:
It takes sb some time /money to do sth.意为做某事花了某
人多长时间或金钱
It takes me half an hour to get to school by bike.
骑自行车到学校花了我半小时的时间.
(2) spend的主语必须是人,构成句型:
spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth
spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth
My mother spent much time on newspaper.
Don't spend too much money buying toys.
(3) cost表示花费时间和金钱,其主语多为物或事.
The coat cost me ten dollars. 这件上衣花了我10美元.
(4) pay 指花费金钱,主语是人
My father paid two yuan for the book.
我父亲买那本书花了2元钱.
-Tom, how much did you _____ for the book?
-Five yuan.
A take B spend C cost D pay
near
(1)作介词,意为在…附近与far from反义
My house is near my school. 我家离学校很近.
The book is near the pencil-box. 那本书在铅笔盒附近.
(2)作副词,意为接近,亲近地,在近处