xes高中英语状语从句讲解汇总

2021年1月14日发(作者：路术淳)
在句子中起状语作用的从句叫状语从句。状语从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。状
语 从句可以分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、原因状语从
句、目的状语从 句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句等。
一，方式状语从句
引导状语从句的连词和词组有：as,as if,as though等。
留意：①as if/though从句经常用虚拟语气，
表示
与事实相反。
She always talked to me as if she were mysister.
②有时从句也可用称述语气，
表示
所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。
He treats me as if I am a stranger.
③从句有时可以省略某些成分。
The wounded soldier cried as(he were)in great pain.
④as if/though也可以引导表语从句。.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if
it______.[N95]
broken broken been broken
【简析】当as if引导 虚拟语气的句子时，假如主句与从句的谓语动词同时发生，从句用一般
过往时；假如从句谓语动词发生在 主句谓语动词之前，从句用过往完成时。该题主句与从句
的谓语动词同时发生，
表示
与 现在事实相反，故答案为C。
二，比较状语从句
引导比较状语从句的连词和词组有：than, as…as…, not so…as…, the+比较级…, the+比较级等
A hare can walk faster than a tortoise runs.
She is as tall as her mother (is).
留意：有时在than从句中，若有省略，所使用的代词的格不同，含义不同。
She respects him more than I.她比我更尊敬他。
She respects him more than me.她尊敬他甚于尊敬我。
☆比较while, when, as
1）as, when （正当）引导短暂性动作的动词。例如：
Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我一刹车，有一个
人向我走来。
下。
2）从句表示随时间推移连词能用as，不用when 或while。例如：
As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。
A, 形容词和限定动词连用时的比较
It’s darker today than it was yesterday．
今天比昨天天色昏暗。
He doesn’t pay as much tax as we do／as us．

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他没我们交的税款多。
He spends more than he earns．
他花的比挣的多。
注意：that＋形容词是一种口语形式，表示“那么……”：
—Will it cost￡100？
—No，it won’t cost as much as（all）that．It won’t be（all）that expensive．／It won’t be as
expensive as that．
—要花100英镑吗？
—不，花不了那么多。没那么贵。
that＋形容词结构有时用于口语中表示very（很）的意思。
B, 副词和限定动词连用时的比较
He didn’t play as well as we expected／as well as you（did）．
他打得不如我们预料的好／你打得好。
He sings more loudly than anyone I’ve ever heard／than anyone else （does）．
他唱得比我听到的任何人唱得都响／比任何人都声音响。
You work harder than he does／than him／than I did at your age．
你比他干得卖劲／我在你这个年龄时干得卖劲。
C 形容词和不定式或动名词连用时的比较：
通常两者都可使用，但动词不定式常常用于特定的动作，动名词则用于一般情况
It’s sometimes as cheap to buy a new one as（it is）（to）repair the old one．
Buying a new one is sometimes as cheap as repairing the old one．
有时买一个新的跟修理旧的一样便宜。
He found that lying on the beach was just as boring as sitting in his office．
He found lying on the beach just as boring as sitting in his office.
他发现躺在沙滩上和坐在办公室里一样没趣／烦人。
He thinks it（is）safer to drive himself than（to）let me drive．
He thinks that driving himself is safer than letting me drive．
他认为自己开车要比让我开车更安全些。
D,上 面C所述的这种比较句式中，如as／than前面用的是动词原形，则常在as／than后面
用动词 原形而不用动名词。与此相同，如as／than前面用的是动名词，则在其后面一般也使
用动名词，而 不用动词原形，见前面的例子。位于as／than之前的限定动词＋this／that／
which 后面多跟动名词，虽也可跟动词不定式：
I’ll deliver it by hand；this will be cheaper than posting it．
我自己送过去，这样比邮寄要便宜。
He cleaned his shoes，which was better than doing nothing．
他把自己的鞋擦了，这总比无事可做好。
E,动词原形与would rather／sooner连用Most people would rather work than starve．
多数人宁可工作也不愿挨饿。

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I would resign rather than accept him as a partner．
我宁可辞职也不愿接受他为合伙人。
三，引导时间状语从句的连词和词组有：
引导时间状语从句的连词和词组有：when,while,as(与……同 时),
before,whenever,since(自从……),once,till,until,immed iately,as soon …as, the moment,every
time, after,by the time, hardly…when…(一……就……),no sooner…than…等。
Some one called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ______I could answer the
phone.[N2000]

【简析】有人 半夜给我打电话，但是我还未来得及接，电话便挂断了。可见答案为D，before
含义为“在……之 前”。
do you want a new job______you’ve got such a good one already?[N98]

【简析】答案为D。此 处when引导一个时间状语从句，其含义为“既然”，相当于since。该
句句意为：既然你已有了 这样一份好工作，为什么还想要一份新工作呢？
3.―I’m going to the post office.
―______you’re there,can you get me some stamps?[N99]

【简析】根据上下文可知B为最佳答案。While 指的是“在一段时间内”，表示从句的动作与
主句的动作同时发生，并且有延续的含义，因此从句所用的 谓语动词经常是延续性的。由于
you’rethere表示“当你在那里”，它和买邮票的动作同时进 行，故选用While。As意为“一边……
一边……”，分歧题意。
was worried because little Alice was ill,especially______Father was away in
France.[N94]

【简析】连词as可作“与……同时”讲，此时相当于 when或while，引导一个时间状语从句，
表示一个持续性的动作，侧重表示主句与从句的动作同 时发生。故答案为A，句意为：妈妈
着急由于小爱丽斯病了，尤其是当时她爸爸还远在法国。durin g也表示“在……期间”，但它
是介词，不能引导一个从句。
5.―What was the party like?
―Wonderful. It’s years______ I enjoyed myself so much.[M93]

【简析】该题考查句型“I tis/was+一段时间+since从句”的用法。留意since从句的谓语动词常
是短暂性的动 词，如：It’stwoyearssincehejoinedthearmy.（他参军两年了。）；若谓语 动词
是延续性的，翻译时应用它相反的含义，如该题中的enjoy便是延续性动词，所以该句句意为：我有好几年没有这么开心地玩了。故答案为D，since表示一段时间的出发点，意为“自
从 ……”。

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6, we had hardly got home when it rained.
我们刚到家就下起雨来了.
四，地点状语从句
地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。例如：
Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
五，原因状语从句
比较because, since, as和for：
1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。 当原因是显而易见
的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。例如：
I didn't go, because I was afraid. 我不去是因为我怕。
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 天气那么糟，旅行推迟了。
2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。
He is absent today, because / for he is ill. 他今天缺席，因为他病了。
He must be ill, for he is absent today. 他一定病了，所以今天缺席。
六，目的状语从句
表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest (以免，唯恐)， for fear that
（以免，唯恐）, in case（以防，万一）等词引导。例如：
You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. 你必须大点声，别人
就能听见了。
He wrote the name down for fear that（lest） he should forget it. 他写下了这个名字以免
以后忘记。
You’d better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 最好多穿点衣服，以防天发冷。
七，结果状语从句
结果状语从句也叫程度状语从句，常用的连词词组有：so…that…,such…that…,so that等。
留意：so that既引导结果状语从句，也引导目的状语从句，如何区别呢？
一是根据上下文的含义区别。
二是从形式上加以区别。
so that引导结果状语从句时，从句前经常用逗号隔开；sot hat引导目的状语从句，从句中常
使用may，might，can，could等情态动词。如：
He got up early, so that he caught the first bus.(结果状语从句)
He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.(目的状语从句)
结果状语从句常由so…that 或 such…that引导。so…that与such…that之间可以转换。
例如：
The boy is so young that he can't go to school. 这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school
八，条件状语从句

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连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。if 引导的条件句有真实条件句
和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。
unless = if not. 例如：
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 如果不太累，我们去散散步。
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.
典型例题
You will be late ___ you leave immediately.
A. unless B. until C. if D. or
答案A。句意：除非你立即走，否则你就回迟到的。可转化为 If you don’t leave immediately,
you will be late。B、D句意不对，or表转折，句子如为 You leave immediately or you will be
late.
九，让步状语从句
1）though, although引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连
用。例如：
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard. 虽然他很老了，但仍然努力地工作。
Though he is very old, yet he works very hard. 虽然他很老了，但仍然努力地工作。
2） as, though 引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。
例如：
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
虽然是个小孩，该做什么不做什么，他全知道。
3） ever if, even though 即使。例如：
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天气不好，我们也要去远足。
4） whether…or… 不管……都。例如：
Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 信不信由你，这确实是真的。
5） 疑问词或疑问词+后缀ever。例如：
No matter what happened, he would not mind. =Whatever happened, he would not
mind. 不管发生什么，他不在意。
替换：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever no matter how = however
注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.
（对）Whatever you say is of no use now. 你现在说什么也没用了。（Whatever you say
是主语从句）
（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,
（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。



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1. …. How long has this bookshop been in business? -- 1982.
A. After B. In C. From D. Since
2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _____________ Father
was away in France. A. as B. that C. during D. if
3. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
4. After the war, a new school building was put up __ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
5. — I am going to the post office. -- you’re there, can you get me some stamps?
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
6. You should make it a rule to leave things _________ you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. there
7. ____________ you’ve got the chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
8. We’ll have to finish the job, _____________.
A. long it takes however
C. long however it takes




B. it takes however long
D. however long it takes
9. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ____________
I could answer the phone. A. as B. since C. until D. before
10. The WTO cannot live up to its name _____________ it does not include a
country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though
11. The men will have to wait all day _________ the doctor works faster.

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