celebrate的音标专业英语四级阅读 试卷147

2021年1月11日发(作者：胡灵)

专业英语四级（阅读）-试卷147

(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、 READING COMPREHENSION(总题数：11，分数：30.00)

V READING COMPREHENSION
_______________________________ __________________________________________________ _________
解析：
N AIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple- choice questions.
For each question, there are four suggested answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the
one that you think is the best answer.
________________________________ __________________________________________________ ________
解析：
Considering that industry analysts claim that hospital price calculations are arbitrary, we asked
hospitals nationwide a simple question; How do you calculate your sticker prices? Five declined
to comment or didn't provide an answer, leaving Murray Askinazi, senior vice-president and CFO
of Lawrence Hospital Center in Bronxville, New York, to offer this explanation; For an outpatient
MRI(核磁共振成像), as an example, his hospital calculates its charge based on such factors as
the cost of buying or leasing the machinery, the wear and tear on that machine, staff salaries,
the climate control and electric bill, cleaning costs, local competitive pricing, and other costs
related to the hospital's overhead, like malpractice insurance. Surprisingly, medical services
can vary wildly from one hospital to the next. The median charge for acute appendicitis admissions
at 289 medical centers and hospitals throughout California, for example, ranged from $$1, 529 to
almost $$183, 000, an Archives of Internal Medicine study reported in April. Within San Francisco
alone, the range between the lowest and highest charge was nearly $$172, 000. But hospital sticker
prices matter only to a limited extent because they typically get trumped(胜过)by a higher power:
the amounts that insurance companies are willing to pay for those services. The figures are
determined by a negotiated contract that dictates the rate at which the companies will reimburse
the hospital on the patient's behalf. In addition, the rates paid by Medicare and Medicaid,
Askinazi adds, often fail to cover the hospital's cost of providing the service in the first place,
which means some of those costs are often shifted to commercially insured patients. Now, all those
factors affect the math for one simple outpatient test. For an inpatient hospital stay, those
computations sprout into an intricate vine in which every service(from radiology to
pathology)generates its own charges. The hospital also has facility charges, covering room and
board, certain room-use fees(such as the operating room), and nursing services, all of which get
consolidated into the bill sent to you and your insurance company. As technology advances, those
charges rise. Palmer had a client from Louisville, Kentucky, who was astonished to receive a charge
of $$45, 330 for a prostate surgery and an overnight stay(insurance would cover only $$4, 845).
The billing department told Palmer that the steep price was not only because it was a robotic
procedure but also because patients who receive the high-tech surgery shortly after the hospital
starts offering it are helping to recoup(偿还)the facility's equipment costs.（分数：6.00）
(1).Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph Three?（分数：2.00）
of the hospital costs will be covered by commercial insurance companies. √
insurance companies are willing to pay for all the charges.
al sticker prices usually get trumped by a high power from the hospital.
rate that insurance companies will pay is determined by themselves. < br>解析：解析：推理题。根据题干提示定位到第三段。该段最后部分提到，一部分医疗费用会由商业保险公司 支付，[A]
与文意表述一致，故为正确答案。[B]含有绝对词all，且所表述内容在文中并未提及 ，故排除；该段第一句提到了医院
标价问题的影响有限，因为另一个更加强大的因素对病人的影响更大： 保险公
司愿意为医疗服务支付的数额，由此可知，该因素并不是来自医院，而是来自保险公司，故排除 [C]；由该段第二句可
知，保险公司赔偿比率由公司和患者协商决定，所以排除[D]。
(2).An intricate vine in Paragraph Four refers to______.（分数：2.00）
difficulty for an inpatient hospital stay
huge amount of hospital charges
problem in calculating hospital charges
complexity of hospital charges √
解析：解析：语义题。根据题干提示定位到第四段第二句。an intricate vine的字面意思为“一棵错综复杂的葡萄藤”，
结合接下来的内容The hospital also has facility charges，covering room and board，certainroom—use fees…
可知，医院账单很复杂，而不是账 单价高，故[D]为正确答案，同时排除[B]。[A]和[C]在文中并未提及，故均排除。
(3).The example of Palmer's client in the last paragraph indicates that______.（分数：2.00）
technology applied in medical services is quite advanced
client spent $$45, 330 on a prostate surgery
improvement of technology may lead to the rise of hospital charges √
surgery was conducted by robots only
解析：解析：推理 题。根据题干提示定位到最后一段。由该段第一句可知，随着科技的进步，医院收费也随之上升，接
下来 所举的例子旨在论证这一主题，故[C]为正确答案。[A]属于断章取义，故排除；[B]的细节表述有误，4 5 330美元
的花费不仅包括手术费用，还包括住院费，故排除；[D]含有绝对词only，与文意 不符，故排除。
Conservationists on Tuesday appealed to countries to urgently address new threats to whales,
dolphins and other cetaceans(鲸类动物)as climate change opens up previously inaccessible areas
of the Arctic and industries move in to new areas. As emotional arguments broke out in the annual
International Whaling Commission's(IWC)conference between pro- and anti- whaling nations over the
right of small, aboriginal groups to hunt a few whales each year, WWF appealed to countries to
better regulate fishing and stop the oil and gas industries devastating populations. A few
thousand whales are killed each year because of whaling but 300, 000 whales, dolphins and other
cetaceans are killed just in fishing gear. Now the greater threat is from the oil and gas industries.
Cetaceans have so far been lucky because the Arctic has been mostly inaccessible but as climate
change develops new areas are opening up. These are some of the most important areas left for
whales and cetaceans, said Wendy Eliott, head of the WWF delegation to the meeting in Panama.
It is essential these issues are addressed by the IWC. But whaling governments like Norway,
Iceland and Japan refuse to acknowledge the conservation committee of the IWC and do not
participate. Shell plans to begin drilling operations in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas off Alaska
as early as this month, and other oil companies are planning new off-shore drilling platforms
in the Russian far east near the feeding area of critically endangered western gray whales. There
are only an estimated 26 breeding females remaining and the oil-rich zone off Sakhalin Island
is the only place where they can teach their calves to feed, said Elliott. This could mark the
beginning of a massive oil exploration effort, she said. The IWC, which is regularly torn by
disputes, grants five-year permits to communities with a strong tradition of subsistence whaling.
This year, several Caribbean countries, including St. Vincent and the Grenadines, as well as the
USA, Russia and Denmark are asking approval from the commission for their annual quota of whales
to be renewed. Most whaling opponents do not try to block small-scale aboriginal hunts as they
do not threaten larger whale populations. While governments argue that the use of whales and
dolphins contribute to national food security, cultural preservation and sustainable livelihoods,
some are seen by conservationists as ill-disguised commercial whaling. On Monday, pro-whaling
countries led by Japan shot down a Latin American-led proposal to create a no-kill zone for whales
in the southern Atlantic Ocean. Argentina, Brazil, South Africa and Uruguay put forward a proposal
whaling
as measure symbolic largely a whales, for zone no-kill a Atlantic southern the declare to
ended there long ago. Thirty-eight countries voted in favor of the measure and 21 voted against,
with two abstentions. Under commission rules, proposals need to enjoy a consensus of 75% support
for approval.（分数：6.00）
(1).According to the passage, the heated disputes in the annual IWC conference were about______.（分数：
2.00）
urgency of handling new threats to whales
small native groups' right of whale hunting √
poor management of fishing
drilling of oil in Arctic
解析：解析：细节题. 文章第二段第一句提到，在国际捕鲸委 员会的年度大会上，支持与反对捕鲸的国家围绕原住民小
团体每年少量捕鲸的权利展开了激烈的争论，所 以选[B]。[A]“处理对鲸鱼新威胁的紧迫性”在第一段中有所提及，但
这是环保人士于周二呼吁各 国所做的事情，故排除；[C]“捕鱼业管理不善”和[D]“在北极勘探石油”在第二段最后一
句中有 所提及，但这是世界自然基金会呼吁各国改进的地方，并非会议争论的问题，因此均可排除。
(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the responsibilities of IWC?（分数：2.00）
regulate whales hunting.
make whales adapt to climate change. √
grant whaling permits.
renew annual quota of whales.
解析：解析：细节题 。第三段中虽然提到气候变化，但指的是随着气候变化活跃起来，北极新开发的地区将逐渐开放，
并未表 明国际捕鲸委员会的责任是让鲸鱼适应天气的变化，所以[B]为正确答案。第二段第一句和第四段第一句都表明
国际捕鲸委员会负责管理捕鲸，因此排除[A]；由第六段第一句可知，国际捕鲸委员会可以给予一些团 体五年的捕鲸许
可证，故排除[C]；第六段第二句提到一国家请求委员会批准其年度捕鲸配额的延期， 故排除[D]。
(3).We can learn from the passage that the proposal about the no-kill zone was______.（分数：2.00）
√
ed
ned
in the air
解析：解析：推理题。文章倒数第二段第一句表明，以日本为首 的支持捕鲸的国家否决了在南大西洋设立禁猎区的提案，
由此可知[A]为正确答案。如果不熟悉短语s hot down，也可以从文章最后一段做出推断，即根据委员会的规定，提案需
有75％的成员国“ 一致”支持才能通过，而该段第一句表明，有38个国家投票支持该提案，21个国家反对，2个国家
弃 权，由此推知，该提案的支持率大约是62％，低于75％，由此可知该提案“被否决了”。
Alzheimer's disease has no cure. There are, however, five drugs—known and approved—that can
slow down the development of its symptoms. The earlier such drugs are administered, the better.
Unfortunately, the disease is usually first noticed when people complain to their doctors of memory