editions初中英语从句(全)

2021年1月9日发(作者：汪奠基)
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
宾语从句
1.语述问跟 随陈述语序如：They want to know
题born.
where he was
What is wrong with you = what is the matter
with you
这个句子不变语序。
I just wander what it is that makes him so
excited.
2.时态< br>如果主语是现在时态，从句的时态可以根据实际情
况而定
She tells me that she
She tells
yesterday.
主语为过去时态，从句的时态一定要用相对应的过
will come tomorrow.
prize
（tense）
me that she wonthe first
去的某种时态。
She told me she would won the first prize
year.(过去将来时
She told me she had beenin Beijing
years.（过去完成时）
从句为客观真 理、定义、公理、定理时，用一般现
在时
The teacher
around the sun.
said that the earthtravels
for 3
next
3.连词:在句子中不作为成分的时候，可以省略。
但是有些情况下th at不能省略：
当动词后，宾语从句不止一个时，第二个起that不
能省略。
The y know(that)
had no money.
当that从句被短语或者词组与谓语动词分开时不
能省略。
he was honest and thathe
I noticed ，for the first time,that our
teacher was wearing a hat.
It 作形式宾语，that 从句做真正宾语时
He finds it necessary that he should learn
foreign languages.
在wonder/doubt/be sure /certain
I wander that he failed.
和if之间的区别
I don’t know whether or notwe will
examination this week.
I don’t know whether/ifwe will have an
have an
之后不能省略
（我很惊讶他失败了）
examination or not this week.
介词后面的宾语从句不能用if
当whether 后面紧跟着or not 时只能用whether.
在动词discuss /doubt
They are discussing
后面只能用whether.
whether the meeting
should be held.
引导
The modern city was beautiful
land ten years ago.
in what was a waste
4.否定转由think ,believe ,imagine ,suppose
移
等词引导的时
候，要将宾语从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。< br>5.例句We must pay attention to (A) makes mistakes.
matter who matter whom
表语从句
1.可以连接表语从句的系动词有be，
look ,feel ,sound ,seem ,spear.
在表语从句中没有任何意义，但是不能省略。
The reason is that……．
3.在表语从句中不能用if作为连词。但是可以用whether和as if
引导。
The question is
It looks
whether he is able to do it .
使用了虚拟语气)as if it would rain.(
原因 is/was because +
It is because the weather was bad.
is/ was why +结果
It is why he was failed.
6.特殊的表语从句
Jane is no longer what she was four years ago.
主语从句
主语从句中that不能省略。
1.常用句It’s a pity that
型
……．
……
…..
……
It’ｓlikely/ possible that
It seems/happened/spears that
It is said/known/believed/hope that
2.例句It‘s believed that God created the people.
Whether God created the world remains to be
seem.
同位语从句
1.定义当两个指向同一事物的句子成分放在同等 位置时，
个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子，
叫前者的同位语。
Let’ｓ you and me go for a walk.
一
后者就
2.标志词Fact,
idea ,news ,question ,saying ,possibility ,tr
uth ,belief ,hope promise ,suggestion ,advice
He got the news from Mary that the meeting
was put off.
I have no idea at all
spending their ho lidays.
有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，
而是被别的词隔开。
where they are
3.连接词（不能省）
The idea that the earth is around
one.
is not a new
He must answer the question whether he agrees
to it or not.
3.疑问词
Next comes the questions what you want to put
in the box.
Nobody can explain the mystery
disappeared.
My question how I shall get in touch with him
has not been answered.
why he suddenly
其他从句还有定语从句(关键)，状语从句。
定语从句：
一 、结构
先行词+关系词+从句
二、关系词
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词
关系 代词：that ，which ，who ,whom ,whose
关系副词：where (=in/on/at
which) ,when (=in/on which)
which) ，why (= for
例句：
1. The man who/that is standing here is Tom.
man that/who/whom/或者省略 he is talking to is Tom.
3. The man to whom he is talking is Tom.(
格并且不能省略)
4. The man , whose father is a teacher went abroad.
of whom is a teacher went abroad.
介词后必须加宾
man ,the father
man, of whom the father is a teacher went abroad.
总结：……., whose +n…．和….., the n of which(指
物)/whom(指人)…以及…, of which/whom then 这三个 句型可以
相互转换。
三、只能用that不能用which的情况
1.既有人又有物： the teachers and the schools that
2.有不定代词或者有不定代词修饰时：
I will tell you everything that
I will tell you all the things that
…．
…．
…．
3.最高级修饰或者序数词修饰时：
The most beautiful flowers that
The first man that
4.避免重复
Who is the man that is standing here
Which is the book that I like
5.有only/very/just then
He is the only one
This is the only book
6.先行词充当表语时
Tom isn’t the boy
boy在句子中作为表语)
Tom isn’t what he used to b e.(
四、只用which不能用that的情况
1.非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开的一般是 非限制性定语从句）
These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have
表语从句)
that he used to be.(定语从句，先行词
修饰时
is fit for …
…
…．
that/who
that I want to buy.
not borne any fruit.
2.介词后用which
There are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are
new.
3.避免重复
The clock is that which tells the time.
五、只用who不用that
1.先行词为指人的代词：those
all ,one ,ones ,someone ,anyone ,no one
Those who win the game will get the prize.
All who went there spoke highly of the park.
be 中先行词为人是只用who
There is an old man who wants to see you.
六、特殊的关系词as
引导限制性定语从句时， 一定充当主语或宾语或者表语。
She wear the same coat as her sister usually does.
,