gotten2013年12月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)

2021年1月9日发(作者：宦乡)
2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)
PartIWriting(30minu tes)
Directions
：
Forthispart
，
you areallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthe
picturebelow
．
Youshouldstartyouressaywitha briefaccountoftheimpactoftheInternet
onlearning andthenexplainwhyeducationdoesn’tsimplymeanlearnin gtoobtain
uldwriteatleastl20wordsbutn0
．
morethanl80words
．
PartIIListeningComprehens ion(30minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissec tion,
endofeachconversation,e
achquestionthe rewillbea
thepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmar kedA),B),C)andD),anddecide
rkthecorrespondingle tteronAnswerSheetIwithasingle
linethroughthecen tre.
1.A)Thewomanisnowworkinginakindergarten.B)Themanwillsoonstartabusinessofhisown.
C)The manwouldliketobeahighschoolteacher.
D)Thewomani sgoingtomajorinchildeducation.
2.A)Thefurniture hastoberearranged.
B)Thesoundequipmenthastobese tup.
C)Theconferenceroomhastobecleaned.
D)Th evideomachinehastobechecked.
3.A)Sheisexhausted .
B)Sheisnear-sighted.
C)Shecannotfinishwork intime.
D)Shecannotgostraighthome.
4.A)Thewo manistooparticularaboutfood.
B)Hewouldratherhav eamealanhourlater.
C)Thewomanshouldorderherfood quickly.
D)Heusuallyprefersice-creamtosandwiche s.
5.A)Heisnotagoodmechanic.
B)Hedoesn'tkeep hispromises.
C)Hespendshissparetimedoingrepairs .
D)Heisalwaysreadytoofferhelptoothers.
6.A) Samhasabigfamilytosupport.
B)Samisnotinterested intraveling.
C)Thepayofferbythetravelagencyisto olow.
D)Theworkhoursinthetravelagencyaretoolong .
7.A)Internationaltrade.
B)Productdevelopme nt.
C)Financialconsulting.
D)Domesticretaili ng.
8.A)Goonabusinesstrip.
B)LookforajobinMi ami.
C)Makeaticketreservation.
D)Takeavacati on.
Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouh avejustheard.
9.A)ItislocatedonRoute18.
B)It hasaninterestingmuseum.
C)Itisabeautifullittlet own,
D).ItliessevenmileseastofNewton.
10.A)T heyareinoppositedirections.
B)Theyarefifty-five milesapart.
C)Theyarequiteclosetoeachother.
D)TheyarealongdrivefromNorwalk.
11.A)Theyarecon nectedbyRoute7.
B)Theyarecrowdedwithtourists.C)Theyhavelotsofoldhouses.
D)Theyhavemanyrarr plants.
Questions12to15arebasedontheconversatio nyouhavejustheard.
12.A)Bringhimuptodateonthecu rrentsituationinMilan.
B)Informhimofthearrangem entsforhistripinItaly.
C)Fetchthedocumentssigne dbyMrGartner,
D)AccompanyMrGartnertotheLinateai rport.
13.A)About8:30.
B)About6:30.
C)Abo ut5:30.
D)About4:15.
14.A)MrGartnerfromMilan .
B)GianniRivaatMegastar.
C)Thecompany'ssale srepresentative.
D)GavinfromtheChamberofCommerc e,
15.A)Travelagent.
B)Businessmanager.
C )Secretary.
D)Saleswoman,
SectionB
Direct ions:Inthissection,ndofeachpassage,youwill
epas sageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce,Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthef ourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)and
D).Thenmarkthecorre spondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethrough the
centre.
PassageOne
Questions16to19are basedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
16.A)Shehada desiretohelpothers.
B)Shewantedtofindoutmoreabo utit.
C)Sheneededsomeoverseasexperience.
D)S hewasinterestedinfarming.
17.A)Carryoutacultura lexchangeprogram.
B)Workonanagriculturalproject .
C)LearnPortuguese.
D)TeachEnglish.
18.A )Shefounditdifficulttosecureajobinherowncountry.B)ShewantedtorenewhercontactwiththePeaceCorps.C)ShewasinvitedtoworkasanEnglishteacher.
D)Sh ecouldnotgetthecountryoutofhermind.
19.A)Byteac hingadditionalEnglishclasses.
B)Bywritingstorie sforAmericannewspapers.
C)Byworkingparttimefort hePeaceCorps.
D)Bydoingoddjobsforlocalinstituti ons.
PassageTwo
Questions20to22arebasedonthe passageyouhavejustheard.
20.A)Timespentexercisi ng.
B)Timespentworking.
C)Timespentonleisure activities.
D)Timespentwithfriendsandfamily.
21.A)Reading.
B)SurfingtheWeb.
C)Eatingout.
D)WatchingTV.
22.A)Driving.
B)Gardening.
C)Goingtothepub.
D)Visitingfriends.
Pass ageThree
Questions23to25arebasedonthepassageyou havejustheard.
23.A)Thecardriverwastryingtoavoi dhittingarabbit.
B)Thecardriverwaspartlyrespons iblefortheaccident,
C)McLaughlinwastalkingtohis managerwhiledriving.
D)McLaughlin'scarelessness resultedinthecollision.
24.A)Hecrashedintoacarp arkedthere.
B)Heknockeddownseveralmailboxes.
C)Hetoredownthecompany'smaingate.
D)Hedidserio usdamagetoaloadedtruck.
25.A)Hewilllosehisjob.< br>B)Hewillhavetopaydamages.
C)Hewillbefinedhea vily.
D)Hewillreceiveretraining.
SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,epassageisreadfor
the firsttime,
secondtime,youarerequiredtofillinthe blankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.
Finall y,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldche ckwhatyouhavewritten.
WhenCaptainCookaskedthech iefsinTahitiwhytheyalwaysare26,theyreplied,
kAm ericanswhytheyeatwithknivesandforks,orwhytheirmen< br>wearpants27
skirts,orwhytheymaybemarriedtoon lyonepersonatatime,wearelikelytoget28and
veryun informativeanswers:it''sthewayit'sdone.
it'sthe 29Oreven,Idon'sonfortheseandcountlessotherpatterns of
socialbehavioristhattheyare__30bysocialnorms --sharedrulesorguidelineswhich
31howpeople
o rm(
遵守
)to
,wearemuchmorelikelyto
ldno tbesurprisedifastranger
triedtoshakehandswhenyo uwereintroduced,butyoumightbealittle34iftheybowed,
hoftheseotherformsofgreetingis
visitanother societywhosenormsare
different,wequicklybecomea warethatthingswedothisway,theydothatway.
PartⅢ
ReadingComprehension(40minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,requiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordba nkfollowingthepassage:Readthe
oiceinthebankisid entifiedbya
markthecorrespondingletterforeachit emonAnswerSheet2withasingleline
notuseanyofthew ordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Questions36to45areba sedonthefollowingpassage.
Whatdoesittaketobeawe ll-trainednurse?Theanswerusedtobetwo- yearassociate's
orfour-yearbachelor'henursingsh ortage36,agrowing
numberofschoolsandhospitalsar eestablishingprogramsthatenablecollege
graduate swithnonursing37tobecomeregisterednurseswithonlyay earorsoof38
training.
In1991,therewereonly40 fast-trackcurricula;lis
ColumbiaUniversity'tsea rntheirbachelorofsciencein
hostayonforan39twoye arscanearnamaster'sdegreethat
40themasnurseprac titioners(
执业护士
)orclinicalnursespecialists.
Manystudentsarerecent41;ardron,32,a
2004gra duateofColumbia'sprogram,wasapremedicalstudentinco llegeandthenworkedfor
apharmaceutical(
药物的)mbia,hewas__42__asanurse
tnurseswereinhigh43 anditlookedlikeareallygood
opportunity,,Ididn't wanttobeinschoolforthatlong.
Thefast-tracktrend fillsaneed,butit'salsocreatingsome44betweennewcome rs
estillatthebedside45thesekidswithsuspicion,s aysLinda
Pellico,,howcantheydo
itquicker?The answeristheydon't.
A)additional
B)applied
C)demand
D)excessive
E)experience
F)expo res
G)graduates
H)operations
I)promote
J)qualifies
K)specialized
L)tension
M)tr ained
N)view
O)worsens
SectionB
Direct ions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithte nstatementsattachedtoit.
fytheparagraph

thequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron
A nswerSheet2.
Theriseofthesharingeconomy
A)La stnight40,000peoplerentedaccommodationfromaservice thatoffers250,000roomsin
30,ir
bedswereprovi dedbyprivateindividuals,ndguestswere
matchedupb yAirbnb,tslaunchin2008morethan4
millionpeopleha veusedit—emostprominent
exampleofahugeneweconom yinwhichpeoplerentbeds,cars,boatsandother
asset sdirectlyfromeachother,co-ordinatedviatheinternet.
B)Youmightthinkthisisnodifferentfromrunningabe d-and-breakfast(
家庭旅店
).owninga
timeshare (
分时度假房
)hnologyhasreduced
transactioncos ts,makingsharingassetscheaperandeasierthanever—and thereforepossible
changeistheavailabilityofmore dataaboutpeopleandthings,
theinternet,
renti ngasurfboard,apowertooloraparkingspacefromsomeonee lsewasfeasible,butwas
idesand
SnapGoodsmatch upownersandrenters;smartphoneswithGPSletpeopleseew herethe
nearestrentablecarisparked;socialnetwor ksprovideawaytocheckuponpeopleandbuild
trust;an donlinepaymentsystemshandlethebilling.
What'smi neisyours,forafee
C)Justaspeer-to-peerbusinesse slikeeBayallowanyonetobecomearetailer,sharingsites let
individualsactasanadhoc(
临时的
)taxiser vice,car-hirefirmorboutiquehotel(
精品酒店
)
elworksforitems
thatareexpensivetobuyandarewide lyownedbypeoplewhodonotmakefulluseofthem.
Bedro omsandcarsarethemostobviousexamples,butyoucanalsor entcampingspacesin
Sweden,catesofthesharing
economyliketoputit,accesstrumps(
胜过
)ownersh ip.
D)RachelBotsman,theauthorofabookonthesubjec t,saystheconsumerpeer-to-peerrental
marketalone isworth$$rdefinitionsofthesharingeconomyinclude
peer-to-peerlendingorputtingasolarpanelonyourroofa ndsellingpowerbacktothegr/d
(
电网
).Anditi snotjustindividuals:thewebmakesiteasierforcompanie storentout
spareofficesandidlemachines,coreofth esharingeconomyispeoplerenting
thingsfromeachot her.
E)Such(
合作的
)make
sayshostsinSanF ranciscowhorentouttheirhomesdo
soforanaverageof 58nightsayear,making$$9,erswhorenttheirvehiclestoothersusingRelayRidesmakeanaverageof$$250amonth;s omemakemorethan$$1,000.
Renters,meanwhile,payles sthantheywouldiftheyboughttheitemthemselves,orturn edtoa
reareenvironmentalbenefits,too:
rentin gacarwhenyouneedit,ratherthanowningone,meansfewerc arsarerequiredand
fewerresourcesmustbedevotedto makingthem.
F)Forsociablesouls,meetingnewpeople bystayingintheirhomesispartofthecharm.
Curmudge ons(
倔脾气的人
)whoimaginethateveryrenterisamurd erercanstillstayat
ers,asthebackgroundchecks
carriedoutbyplatformowners,onlinereviewsandrating sareusuallypostedbybothparties
toeachtransactio n,whichmakesiteasytospotbaddrivers,bathrobe-thieve sand
gFacebookandothersocialnetworks,participan tscancheckeach
otheroutandidentifyfriends(orfri endsoffriends)nbuserhadher
remarkablethingishow wellthesystemusuallyworks.
Peeringintothefuture
G)Thesharingeconomyisalittlelikeonlineshopping ,whichstartedinAmerica15yearsago.
Atfirst,ingma deasuccessfalpurchasefrom,say,
Amazon,rly,using Airbnboracar-hireserviceforthe
,considereBay,Ha vingstartedoutas
apeer-to-peermarketplace,itisn owdominatedbyprofessionalsellers(manyof
whomsta rtedoutasordinaryeBayusers).Thesamemayhappenwithth esharingeconomy,
whichalsoprovidesnewopportunit iesforenterprise,Somepeoplehaveboughtcarssolelyto< br>rentthemout,forexample.
H),acar-hirefn'm,has ashareina
andDalmler,re,companiesmaydevelophybr id
(
混合的
)models,listingexcesscapacity(wh ethervehicles,)on
ast,newwaysofdoingthingsonlin ehavenotdisplacedthe
internetshoppingforced
Wal-martandTescotoadapt,soonlinesharingwillshakeup transport,tourism,
equipment- hireandmore.
i)om-rentersbesubjecttohoteltaxes, for
example?InAmst
someAmericancities,peer- to-peertaxiserviceshavebeenbannedafterlobbyingbytr aditional
geristhatalthoughsomerulesneedtobeupd atedtoprotectconsumers
fromharm,whorentout
r oomsshouldpaytax,ofcourse,
lighterrulesthattypi callygovernbed-and-breakfastsaremorethanadequate.< br>J)Thesharingeconomyisthelatestexampleoftheinter net'
emergingmodelisnowbiganddisruptive(
颠覆性 的
)enoughforregulatorsandcompanies
metostart caringabout
sharing.
gitemssuchascarsdoesgoo dtotheenvironment.
'ssuccessclearlyillustratest heemergenceofahugesharingeconomy.
48,Thema~
mostfrequentlyshareditemsarethoseexpensivetobuybut notfullyused.
ringeconomyhasapromisingfuture.sharingwillchangethewaybusinessisdoneintransport ation,travel,rentdls,etc.
52,Airbnbisawebsiteth atenablesownersandrenterstocompletetransactionsonl ine.
ringeconomyislikelytogothewayofonlineshopp ing.
antageofsharingisthatownersearnmoneyfromre ntingoutitemsnotmadefull
useof.55,Sharingappeal stothesociableinthattheycanmeetnewpeople.
Secti onC
Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestionsor
hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD). You
shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrvs pondingletteronAnswerSheet2with
asinglelinethro ughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions56to60areb asedonthefollowingpassage.
Inrecentyears,agrowi ngbodyofresearchhasshownthatourappetiteandfoodinta keare
influencedbyalargenumberoffactorsbesideso urbiologicalneedforenergy,includingour
eatingen vironmentandourperceptionofthefoodinfrontofus.
Studieshaveshown,forinstance,thateatinginfrontofth eTV(orasimilardistraction)
mplevisualcues,likep late
sizeandfighting,havebeenshowntoaffectporti onsizeandconsumption.
Anewstudysuggestedthatour short-termmemoryalsomayplayaroleinappetite.
Sev eralhoursafterameal,people'shungerlevelswerepredic tednotbyhowmuchthey'd
eatenbutratherbyhowmuchfo odthey'dseeninfrontoftheminotherwords,howmuch
t heyrememberedeating..
Thisdisparity(
差异
) suggeststhememoryofourpreviousmealmayhaveabiggerrom,a
professorofexperimentalpsychologyattheU niverityofBristol.
isn'
identifiedan
inde pendentroleformemoryforthatmeal,'hatthe
relatio n_shipbetweenhungerandfoodintakeismorecomplexthanw ethought.
Thesefindingsechoearlierresearchthats uggestsourperceptionoffoodcansometimes
trickour body'2011study,forinstance,peoplewhodrankthe
sa me380-calorie(
卡路里
)milkshakeontwoseparateoc casionsproduceddifferentlevelsof
hunger-related hormones(
荷尔蒙
),dependingonwhethertheshake's labelsaiditcontained
er,theparticipantsreported feelingmorefullwhentheythought
they'dconsumedah igher-calorieshake.
Whatdoesthismeanforoureatin ghabits?Althoughithardlyseemspracticaltotrick
f mdingsdohighlightthebenefitsoffocusingonourfoodand
avoidingTVandmultitaskingwhileeating.
Theso -calledmindful-eatingstrategiescanfightdistractiou sandhelpuscontrolour
appetite,
Brunstromsays .
saidtobeafactoraffectingourappetiteandfoodint ake?
A)Howweperceivethefoodweeat.
B)whatingr edientsthefoodcontains.
C)Whenweeatourmeals.
D)Howfastweeatourmeals.
uldhappenatmealtimeify ourememberedeatingalotinthepreviousmeal?
A)Youw ouldprobablybemorepickyaboutfood.
B)Youwouldnot feellikeeatingthesamefood.
C)Youwouldhaveagooda ppetite.
D)Youwouldnotfeelsohungry.
welearnf romthe2011study?
A)Foodlabelsmaymisleadconsumer sintheirpurchases.
B)Foodlabelsmayinfluenceourb ody'sresponsetofood.
C)Hungerlevelsdependonone' sconsumptionofcalories.
D)Peopletendtotakeinalo tmorecaloriesthannecessary.
esBrunstromsuggestw edotocontrolourappetite?
A)Trickourselvesintoea tingless.
B)Choosefoodwithfewercalories.
C)C oncentrateonfoodwhileeating.
D)Pickdishesofther ightsize.
themainideaofthepassage?
A)Eatingd istractionsoftenaffectourfooddigestion.
B)Psych ologicalfactorsinfluenceourhungerlevels.
C)Ourf oodintakeisdeterminedbyourbiologicalneeds.
D)Go odeatinghabitswillcontributetoourhealth.
Passag eTwo
Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassa ge.
Asasocietywemightwanttorethinkthetimeandmon eyspentoneducation,sothatthese
y,bothhighschool sand
collegescanprepareindividualsfortheever-ch angingrolesthatarelikelytobeexpectedof
them.
Highschooldegreesofferfarlessinthewayofpreparatio nforworkthantheymight,orthan
manyothernationscu rrentlyoffer,urage
studentstogo
ontocollegew hethertheyarepreparedornot,orhaveaclearsenseofpurp oseorinterest,
andnowhavethehighestcollegedropo utrateintheworld.
Wemightlooktoothercountriesfo rmodelsofhowhighschoolscanofferbettertraining,aswellasthedevelopmentofaworkethic(
勤奋工作的美德
)andtheintellectualskillsneeded
mendHarvard's20 11to
Prosperityreportformoreattentiontothehalf( thosewhodonotgoontocollege)
andideasabouthowtoa ddressthisissue.
Simultaneously,conomy
where professionalroleschangerapidlyandmanycollegestuden tsarepreparingfor
positio~_sthatmaynotevenexist yet,theskillsetneededisonethatpreparesthemforchang e
andcontinuedlearning.
Learningtoexpresside aswellinbothwritingandspeech,knowinghowtofindinfor mation,
andknowinghowtodoresearchareallsolidbac kgroundskillsforawidevarietyofroles,and
suchtra to
continuetovaluebroadpreparationinthinkingski llsthatwillserveforalifetime.
Students
lengt heningpathtoadulthoodappearsexacerbated(
恶化
)byparentalinvolvementinthe
herisinginvestmenti ncollegeeducation,parentalconcernisnot
surprisi ng,butlearningwhereandwhentointervene(
干预
)w illhelpstudentstakemore
ownershipoftheoutcomeso ftheseincreasinglycostlyeducations.
ndofeducati ondoestheauthorthinkisideal?
A)Itbenefitsthegre atmajorityofthegeneralpopulation.
B)Itpreparess tudentstomeetthefutureneedsofsociety.
C)Itencou ragesstudentstolearnthroughouttheirlives.
D)Ite nsuresthatstudents'expectationsaresuccessfullyfulf illed.
estheauthorsayistheproblemwithpresenthig hschooleducation?
A)Ignoringtheneedsofthosewhod on'tgotocollege.
B)Teachingskillstobeusedrighta ftergraduationonly.
C)Givinglittleattentiontoth osehavingdifficultylearning.
D)Creatingthehighe stdropoutrateinthedevelopedworld.
aracterizesak nowledgeeconomyaccordingtothepassage?
A)Peopleh avetoreceivehighereducationtoqualifyforaprofession alposition.B)
Studentsmajoringinliberalartsusua llyhavedifficultysecuringajob.
C)Newpositionsar econstantlycreatedthatrequirepeopletokeeplearning.
D)Collegesfmdithardtoteachstudentshowtocopewit hthechangingeconomy.
estheauthorthinkaliberalar tscollegeshouldfocuson?
A)Solidbackgroundknowle dgeinaparticularfield.
B)Practicalskillsurgentl yneededincurrentsociety.
C)Basicskillsneededfor changeandlifelonglearning.
D)Usefulthinkingskil lsforadvancedacademicresearch.
ggestiondoesthea uthoroffertoparents?
A)Rethinkingthevalueofhigh ereducation.
B)Investingwiselyintheirchildren's education.
C)Helpingtheirchildrentobringtheirta lentintofullplay.
D)Avoidingtoomuchintervention intheirchildren'seducation.
PartIVTranslation(3 0minutes)
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed3 0minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseinto
uldw riteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.
许多人喜欢中餐。在中国，烹饪不仅被 视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备
的中餐既可口又好看。烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别 很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总
是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养
(nutritio n)
。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努
力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中 餐既味美又健康。
2013
年
12
月大学英语四级考试真题
Part IWrting
答案与详解
(
第
l
套
)
范文点评< br>PartIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
1．
M
：
AfterMghschool
，
I'dliketog otocoHegeandmajorinbusinessadministration
．
W
：
ButI'dratherspendmycollegedaysfundingout howchildrenlearn
．
Q
：
Whatdowelearnfr omtheconversation?D)
。
2
．
W
：
I severythingreadyfortheconference?
M
：
The onlythinglefttodoissetupthemicrophonesandspeakers< br>．
They’Ubehereinafew
minutes
．
Q
：
Whatpreparationshaveyettobemade?B)
。
3
．
W
：
Isitalmosttimetogohomenow?I'mso tired
．
Icanhardlyseestraight
．
M
：
Justafewmoreminutes
．
thenwecan90
．Q
：
Whatisthewolnall’sproblem?A)
。
4
．
W
：
I'mnotsurewhatI'minamoodfor
．
Ice-creainorsandwiches?Theyarebothreallygood< br>here
．
M
：
Themoviestartsinanhour．
Andwestillhavetogetthereandpark
．
Soj ustmakea
decision
．
Q
：
Whatdoesthe manmean?C)
。
5.W:Tomsaidhewouldcometorepairo ursolarheaterwhenhehastime.
M:Heoftensaysheiswi llingtohelp,butheneverseemstohavetime.
Q:Whatdo esthemanimplyaboutTom?B)o
6.W:SoyouknowthatSamt urneddownthejobofferedbythetravelagency?
M:ehad acceptedit,hewouldn'tbeabletomake