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英语六级阅读解析第二套Section A
The pacific island nation of palau has become home to the sixth largest marine world. the new marine
reserve, now the largest in the pacific, will--26-- no fishing or mining. Palau also established the world, first
shark sanctuary in 2009.
The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres-80 percent -of its maritime --27--,
Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
for full protection, that's the highest percentage of an--28 --economic zone devoted to remaining 20 percent
of the palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and small-scale-- 29-- fishing businesses
with limited exports.
emengesaujr in a statement.
palaurecognise as 31 to our survival. we want to lead the way in restoring the health of the occan for future
generation
Palau has only been an_ 32 nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental protection. it is
home to one of the world's finest marine ecosystems, with more than 1,300 species of fish and 700 species of
coral.
Senator hokkonsbaules lead 33 of the palau national marine sanctuary act, said the sanctuary will help build
a- 34 future for the palauan people by honoring the conservation traditions of our past
centuries-old custom of
give fish 35 an opportunity to replenish(补充).
解析：英语六级考试阅读 第一项是15选10，15选10的题目做题的第一步是将题目中的15个单词进
行词性分类，我们按照 5类来分，名词，动词，形容词，副词，和分词，因为分词做的成分有很多
种，所以我们必须将其单独分 成一类，而且分类的内容里面会出现交叉分类，什么意思呢，就是我
们俗称叫做一词多性和一词多意，因 为有的单词可能有多种词性和词义，我们也最好分门别类的标
记一下。以下是我对15个单词词性和词义 的划分和添加。
A)allocate动词：分配
B) celebrities名词复数：名人，名声
C)commercial形容词：商业的
D)communities名词复数：社区，社会，团体
E)essential形容词：必需的，基本的；名词：必需品
F)exclusive形容词：独家的，专有的，唯一的
G)independent形容词：独立的
H) indulge动词：纵容，满足
I)permit动词：使…有可能，准许；名词：许可证
J)secure动词：保护，获得；形容词：安全的，牢固的
K) solitary形容词：独立的，孤立的，唯一的
L)spectacle名词：奇观，壮观的场面
M)sponsor动词：资助；名词：捐助人
N)stocks名词：股票
O)territory名词：领土，地方
名词：celebrities, communities, spectacle, sponsor, stocks, territory, permit
动词：allocate, indulge, permit, secure, sponsor
形容词：commercial, essential, exclusive, independent, solitary, secure
The pacific island nation of palau has become home to the sixth largest marine world. the new marine
reserve, now the largest in the pacific, will—26(permit)— no fishing or mining. Palau also established the
world, first shark sanctuary in 2009.
解析：根据上下文，will后面填动词原形，所以在动词里 面选择，根据语义，新海洋保护区将不准许
钓鱼和采矿，更为合理。
The tiny island nation has set aside 500,000 square kilometres-80 percent -of its maritime —27(territory)—,
for full protection, that's the highest percentage of an—28(exclusive)—economic zone devoted to remaining
20 percent of the palau seas will be reserved for local fishing by individuals and small-scale--
29(commercial)— fishing businesses with limited exports.
解析：maritime是形容词，后面必须是名词，所以在名词里面选择，由于前面有square kilometres，
所以后面语义27最好是填写土地territory
28这个空前 方是an，后面是经济特区，所以中间必须填写元音字母开头的形容词，devoted表示专用
于，所 以根据语义就是exclusive
29前面是形容词，后面是名词，中间应该是形容词，busin ess是商业所以选择commerical
—30(communities)—have been among the hardest hit by the threats facing the ocean,
emengesaujr in a statement.
解析：30后面是动词，前方虽 然有一个名词，但是其他词性不能填此空，island后面只能是名词，而
且是have been，所以在名词中选择名词复数communities
31(essential) to our survival. we
want to lead the way in restoring the health of the occan for future generation
解析：a s后面可以填写名词或形容词，这里面名词含义和这里都不匹配，所以形容词只剩下essential
是可以
Palau has only been an_ 32(independent) nation for twenty years and has a strong history of environmental
protection. it is home to one of the world's finest marine ecosystems, with more than 1,300 species of fish
and 700 species of coral.
解析：32前面是an，后面是名词 ，然后中间是形容词，而且必须是元音开头，还剩两个，一个独立
的，一个孤立的，后面是名词国家，前 面填“独立的”更好。所以选independent
Senator hokkonsbaules lead 33(sponsor) of the palau national marine sanctuary act, said the sanctuary will
help build a- 34(secure) future for the palauan people by honoring the conservation traditions of our past”.
解析：lead是形容词，后面of，前面应该 填一个名词，所以这里面填写的是名词，而且是前面人名
的同位语，所以是一个人物名词sponsor
34前方是a，后面是名词，所以填写形容词更好，形容词只剩下一个secure，稳定的，安全的
these include the centuries-old custom of
species in order to give fish 35(stocks) an opportunity to replenish(补充).
解析：give N1 N2，所以35必须是名词，fish stocks鱼类的固定搭配，所以选项stocks
英语六级阅读解析第二套Section B
Data sharing: an open mind on open date
[ A] It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and
experimental methods publicly available and transparent. a spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the
science community, and is the only way, say advocates, to address a'crisis' incience whereby too few
findings are successfully reproduced. furthermore, they say, it is the best way for researchers to gather the
range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends.
[B] the open-data shift poses a confusing problem for junior researchers. on the one hand,the drive to share is
gathering official steam. since 2013, global scientific bodies have begun to back politics that support
increased public access to the other hand,scientists disagree about how much and when they
should share date,and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate science and make it more
robust, or to introduce vulnerabilities and more journals and make it more robust,or to introduce
vulnerabilities and more journal and founders adopt data-sharing requirements, and as a growing
number of enthusiasts call for more openness, junior researchers must find their place between adopters and
those who continue to hold out, even as they strive to launch their own careers.
[C] one key challenge facing young scientists is how to be open without becoming scientifically vulnerable.
they must determine the risk of jeopardizing a job offer or a collaboration prosal from those who are wary of-
or unfamiliar with -open science. and they must learn How to capitalize on the movement's benefits such as
opportunities for more citations and a way to build a reputation without the need for conventional metrics,
such as publication in high-impact journals.
[D] some fields have embraced open data more than others. researchers in psychology, a field rocked by
findings of irreproducibility in the past few years, have been especially vocal sup-porters of the drive for
more-open science.A few psychology journals have created incentives to increase interest in repair open
science. a few psychology journals have created incentives porters of the drive for me lucible science -for
example, by affixing an
psychologist brian nose executive director of the center for open science, the average data- sharing rate for
the journal Psychological science, which uses the badges, increased tenfold to 38% from 2013 to 2015.
[E] founders, too, are increasingly adopting an open-data policy .several strongly ergement,and some
require,a date-management plan that makes data available .The us national science foundation is among
these, some philanthropic (慈善的) founders, including the bill Gates foundation in Seattle, Washington, and
the well come trust in London, alopen data from their grant recipients.
[F] but many young researchers, especially those who have not been mentored in open science .are uncertain
about whether to share or to stay te students and postdoes,who often are working on their lab
head's grant may have no choice if their supervisor or another senior opposes sharing.
[G] some fear that the potential impact of sharing is too high, especially at the early stages of a career.
Everybody has a scary story about someone getting scooped(被抢先),”says new York university astronomer
David Hogg. those fears may be a factor in a lingering hesitation to share data even when publishing in
journals that mandate it.
[H] researchers at small labs or at institutions focused on teaching arguably have the most to lose when
sharing hard-won data.
says terry mcglynn, a tropical biologist at California state university,Dominguez hills.
to share data because it's a bigger fraction of hats happening in my lab.
[I] researchers also point to the time sink that is involved in preparing data for others to the data
and associated materials appear in a repository(存储库), answering questions and handling complaints can
take many hours.
[J] the time investment can present other problems. in some cases, says data scientist karthik Ram, it may be
difficult for junior researchers to embrace openness when senior colleagues many of whom head selection
and promotion teesht ridicule what they may view as misplaced energies.
embracing the idea of open datad code makes traditional academics uncomfortable,
seems to be that open advocates don't spend their time being as productive as possible.
[K]an open-science stance can also add complexity to a collaboration. kateratliff, who studies social attitudes
at the university of Florida, gainesville, says that it can seem as if there are two camps in a field- those who
care about open science and those who don't .
i'll want to make the data open?'-when talking with somebody about an interesting research idea,
[L]despite complications and concerns, the upsides of sharing can be significant. forexample,when
information is uploaded to a repository, a digital object identifier(DOI)is assigned. Scientists can use a DOT
to publish each step of the research life cycle, not just the final paper. In so doing, they can potentially get
three citations- one each for the data and addition to the paper itself. and although some say that
citations for software or data have little currency in academia,they can have other benefits.
[M] many advocates think that transparent data procedures with a date and time stamp will protect scientists
from being scooped.
plagiarism(剽窃).
secreta - in charlottenlund, denmark. hogg says that scooping is less of a problem than many think.
cases i'm familiar with didn't involve open data or code,
[N] Open science also offers junior researchers the chance to level the palying field by gaining better access
to crucial date. rossmounce, a postdoc studying evolutionary biology at the university of Cambrige ,UK, is a
vocal champion of open science, partly because his fossil others' data. he says that more openness in science
could help to discourage what some perceive as a common practice of shutting out early-career scientists'
requests for data.
[O] communication also helps for those who worry about jeopardizing a collaboration, he says,Concerns
about open should be discussed at the outset of a study.
have to establish a clear understanding of expectations for who owns the data, at what point they go public
and who can do what with them, he says.
[P] in the end, sharing data, software and materials with colleagues can help an early -career researcher to
gain recognition-- a crucial component of success.
titusbrown,a genomics(基因组学) researcher at the university of Califomia, davis,.
you have to be relevant and achieve some level of public recognition. anything you do that advances your
presence- especially in a larger phere, outside
the communities you know- is a net win.”
36. astronomerdavidhogg doesn't think scooping is as serious a problem as generally thought.
[M] many advocates think that transparent data procedures with a date and time stamp will protect scientists
from being scooped.
plagiarism(剽窃).
secreta - in charlottenlund, denmark. hogg says that scooping is less of a problem than many think.
cases i'm familiar with didn't involve open data or code,
解析：信息匹配点
astronomerdavidhogg doesn't think scooping=hogg says that scooping
is as serious a problem as generally thought=is less of a problem than many think
37. some researchers are hesitant to make their data public for fear that others might publish something
similar before them
[G] some fear that the potential impact of sharing is too high, especially at the early stages of a career.
Everybody has a scary story about someone getting scooped(被抢先),”says new York university astronomer
David Hogg. those fears may be a factor in a lingering hesitation to share data even when publishing in
journals that mandate it.
解析：信息匹配点
some researchers are hesitant to make their data public for fear that=those fears may be a factor in a lingering
hesitation to share data even when publishing in journals that mandate it
Everybody has a scary story about someone getting scooped(被抢先)=Everybody has a scary story about
someone getting scooped(被抢先)
38. some psychology joumals have offered incentives to encourage authors to share their data.
[D] some fields have embraced open data more than others. researchers in psychology, a field rocked by
findings of irreproducibility in the past few years, have been especially vocal sup-porters of the drive for
more-open science.A few psychology journals have created incentives to increase interest in repair open
science.a few psychology journals have created incentives porters of the drive for me lucible science -for
example, by affixing an
psychologist brian nose executive director of the center for open science, the average data- sharing rate for
the journal Psychological science, which uses the badges, increased tenfold to 38% from 2013 to 2015.
解析：信息匹配点
some psychology joumals=A few psychology journals
have offered incentives to encourage authors to share their data.=have created incentives to increase interest
in repair open science.
39. there is a growing demand in the science community that research data be open to the public.
[A] It is a movement building steady momentum: a call to make research data, software code and
experimental methods publicly available and transparent. a spirit of openness is gaining acceptance in the
science community, and is the only way, say advocates, to address a'crisis' incience whereby too few
findings are successfully rmore, they say, it is the best way for researchers to gather the
range of observations that are necessary to speed up discoveries or to identify large-scale trends.
解析：信息匹配点
there is a growing demand in the science community=is gaining acceptance in the science community=a call
that research data be open to the public=a spirit of openness+to make research data, software code and
experimental methods publicly available and transparent
40. sharing data offers early-career researchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation
[P] in the end, sharing data, software and materials with colleagues can help an early -career researcher to
gain recognition-- a crucial component of success.
titusbrown,a genomics(基因组学) researcher at the university of Califomia, davis,.
you have to be relevant and achieve some level of public recognition. anything you do that advances your
presence- especially in a larger phere, outside
the communities you know- is a net win.”
解析：信息匹配点
sharing data=in the end, sharing data, software and materials with colleagues
offers early-career researchers the chance to build a certain level of reputation
=can help an early -career researcher to gain recognition
41. data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work, thus leading to more citations
[L]despite complications and concerns, the upsides of sharing can be significant. forexample,when
information is uploaded to a repository, a digital object identifier(DOI)is assigned. Scientists can use a DOT
to publish each step of the research life cycle, not just the final paper. In so doing, they can potentially get
three citations- one each for the data and addition to the paper itself. and although some say that
citations for software or data have little currency in academia,they can have other benefits.
解析：信息匹配点
data sharing enables scientists to publish each step of their research work=Scientists can use a DOT to
publish each step of the research life cycle, not just the final paper
thus leading to more citations=In so doing, they can potentially get three citations
42. scientists hold different opinions about the extent and timing of data sharing
[B] the open-data shift poses a confusing problem for junior researchers. on the one hand,the drive to share is
gathering official steam. since 2013, global scientific bodies have begun to back politics that support
increased public access to the other hand,scientists disagree about how much and when they
should share date,and they debate whether sharing it is more likely to accelerate science and make it more
robust, or to introduce vulnerabilities and more journals and make it more robust,or to introduce
vulnerabilities and more journal and founders adopt data-sharing requirements, and as a growing
number of enthusiasts call for more openness, junior researchers must find their place between adopters and
those who continue to hold out, even as they strive to launch their own careers.
解析：信息匹配点
scientists hold different opinions about=scientists disagree about
the extent and timing of data sharing=how much and when they should share date
43. potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to and discussed by all participants at
the beginning of a joint research project
[O]communication also helps for those who worry about jeopardizing a collaboration, he says,Concerns
about open should be discussed at the outset of a study.
have to establish a clear understanding of expectations for who owns the data, at what point they go public
and who can do what with them, he says.
解析：信息匹配点
potential problems related to data sharing should be made known to=communication also helps for those
who worry about jeopardizing a collaboration=Concerns about open
should be discussed at the outset of a study=discussed by all participants at the beginning of a joint research
project
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