statues2012年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案

2021年1月8日发(作者：崔桐)
2012年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案
Section ASection B
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements.
Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest
possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.
Questions 47 to 54 are based on the following passage.
A key process in interpersonal interaction is that of social comparison, in that we evaluate
ourselves in terms of how we compare to others. In particular, we engage in two types of comparison.
First, we decide whether we are superior or inferior to others on certain dimensions, such as
attractiveness, intelligence, popularity, etc. Here, the important aspect is to compare with
an appropriate reference group. For example, modest joggers should not compare their performance
with Olympic standard marathon (马拉松) runners. Second, we judge the extent to which we are
the same as or different from others. At certain stages of life, especially adolescence, the
pressure to be seen as similar to peers is immense. Thus, wearing the right brand of clothes
or shoes may be of the utmost importance. We also need to know whether our thoughts, beliefs
and ideas are in line with those of other people. This is part of the process of self-validation
whereby we employ self-disclosures to seek support for our self-concept.
People who do not have access to a good listener may not only be denied the opportunity
to heighten their self-awareness, but they are also denied valuable feedback as to the validity
and acceptability of their inner thoughts and feelings. By discussing these with others, we
receive feedback as to whether these are experiences which others have as well, or whether they
are less common. Furthermore, by gauging the reactions to our self-disclosures we learn what
types are acceptable or unacceptable with particular people and in specific situations. On
occasions it is the fear that certain disclosures may be unacceptable to family or friends that
motivates an individual to seek professional help. Counsellors will be familiar with client
statements such as: “I just couldn’t talk about this to my husband.”, “I really can’t let
my mother know my true feelings.” Another aspect of social comparison in the counselling context
relates to a technique known as normalising. This is the process whereby helpers provide
reassurance to clients that what they are experiencing is not abnormal or atypical (非典型的),
but is a normal reaction shared by others when facing such circumstances. Patient disclosure,
facilitated by the therapist, seems also to facilitate the process of normalising.
47. To evaluate ourselves, the author thinks it important for us to compare ourselves with
_______.
48. During adolescence, people generally feel an immense pressure to appear _______.
49. It is often difficult for people to heighten their self-awareness without _______.
50. What can people do if they find what they think or say unacceptable to family or friends?
51. Counsellors often assure their clients that what they experience themselves is only
参考答案 47. others
答案：关键词 evaluate ourselves
迅速定位到第一段第一句话 所以答案是 others
48. similar to peers
答案：关键词 adolescence
迅速定位到第一段中间 所以答案是 similar to peers.
49. a good listener
答案：关键词 self- awareness
迅速定位到第二段第一句 所以答案是a good listener
50. They seek professional help
答案：关键词 unacceptable to family or friends
迅速定位到第二段第七行 所以答案是They can seek professional help.
51. a normal reaction
答案：关键词 Counselors 和assure
迅速定位到 第二段倒数第三行 所以答案是a normal reaction
ection B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions
or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with
a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Amid all the job losses, there’s one category of worker that the economic disruption has
been good for: nonhumans.
From self-service checkout lines at the supermarket to industrial robots armed with saws
and taught to carve up animal bodies in slaughter-houses, these ever-more-intelligent machines
are now not just assisting workers but actually kicking them out of their jobs.
Automation isn’t just affecting factory workers, either. Some law firms now use artificial
intelligence software to scan and read mountains of legal documents, work that previously was
performed by highly-paid human lawyers.
“Robots continue to have an impact on blue- collar jobs, and white-collar jobs are under
attack by microprocessors,” says economics professor Edward Leamer. The recession permanently
wiped out 2.5 million jobs. U.S. gross domestic product has climbed back to pre-recession levels,
meaning we’re producing as much as before, only with 6% fewer workers. To be sure, robotics
are not the only job killers out there, with outsourcing (外包) stealing far more jobs than
automation.
Jeff Burnstein, president of the Robotics Industry Association, argues that robots actually
save U.S. jobs. His logic: companies that embrace automation might use fewer workers, but that’s
still better than firing everyone and moving the work overseas.
It’s not that robots are cheaper than humans, though often they are. It’s that they’re
better. “In some cases the quality requirements are so exacting that even if you wanted to
have a human do the job, you couldn’t,” Burnstein says.
Same goes for surgeons, who’re using robotic systems to perform an ever-growing list of
operations—not because the machines save money but because, thanks to the greater precision
of robots, the patients recover in less time and have fewer complications, says Dr. Myriam Curet.
Surgeons may survive the robot invasion, but others at the hospital might not be so lucky,
as iRobot, maker of the Roomba, a robot vacuum cleaner, has been showing off Ava, which could
be used as a messenger in a hospital. And once you’re home, recovering, Ava could let you talk
to your doctor, so there’s no need to send someone to your house. That “mobile telepresence”
could be useful at the office. If you’re away on a trip, you can still attend a meeting. Just
connect via videoconferencing software, so your face appears on Ava’s screen.
Is any job safe? I was hoping to say “journalist,” but researchers are already developing
software that can gather facts and write a news story. Which means that a few years from now,
a robot could be writing this column. And who will read it? Well, there might be a lot of us
hanging around with lots of free time on our hands.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
52. What do we learn from the first few paragraphs?
A) The over-use of robots has done damage to American economy.
B) It is hard for robots to replace humans in highly professional work.
C) Artificial intelligence is key to future technological innovations.
D) The robotic industry has benefited from the economic recession.
53. What caused the greatest loss of jobs in America?
A) Using microprocessors extensively.
B) Moving production to other countries.
C) The bankruptcy of many companies.
D) The invasion of migrant workers.
54. What does Jeff Burnstein say about robots?
A) They help companies to revive.
B) They are cheaper than humans.
C) They prevent job losses in a way.
D) They compete with human workers.
55. Why are robotic systems replacing surgeons in more and more operations according to
Dr. Myriam Curet?
A) They save lots of money for the patients.
B) They beat humans in precision.
C) They take less time to perform a surgery.
D) They make operations less painful.
56. What does the author imply about robotics?
A) It will greatly enrich literary creation.
B) It will start a new technological revolution.
C) It will revolutionize scientific research.
D) It will be applied in any field imaginable.
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
You’ve now heard it so many times, you can probably repeat it in your sleep. President
Obama will no doubt make the point publicly when he gets to Beijing: the Chinese need to consume