-
2020小学英语期末考试知识点大全
基础知识
1.字母:26个字母的大小写
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
2.语音:元音的发音
5个元音字母:A E I O U
12个单元音:
■ 前元音:[i:] [?] [e] [?]
■ 中元音:[?:] [?]
■ 后元音:[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u:] [?] [?]
■ 双元音(8个)
■ 合口双元音[ai] [ei] [au] [?u] [?i]
■ 集中双元音[i?] [ε?] [u?]
3.词汇:词汇量,近反义词
4.句子:大小写,标点符号
语法知识
名词:名词单复数,名词的格
(一)名词单复数
■ 一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed- beds
■ 以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus- buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,
watch-watches
■ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加-es,如:family- families,
strawberry-strawberries
■ 以“f 或 fe”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives
■ 不规则名词复数:
man-men,
woman-women,
policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen,
mouse-mice
child-children,
foot-feet,
tooth-teeth,
fish-fish,
people-people,
Chinese-Chinese,
Japanese-Japanese
不可数名词的复数就是原形:
paper,juice, water, milk, rice, tea
(二)名词的格
(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:
■ 单数后加 's 如: Lucy's ruler, my father's shirt
■ 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 ’ 如: his friends' bags
■ 不以s 结尾的复数后加's children's shoes
■ 并列名词中,如果把 's加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:
Tom and Mike's car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
■ 要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加's, 如:
Tom's and Mike's cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2) 表示无生命东西的名词通常用“of +名词”来表示所有关系:
如:a picture of the classroom a map of China
冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类
(1) 不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle
元音开头的可数名词前用an :
an egg / an apple / an orange
(2) 定冠词:the
the egg / the plane
(3) 用法:
定冠词的用法:
■ 特指某(些)人或某(些)物:The ruler is on the desk.
■ 复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.
■ 谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren't at school.
■ 在序数词前:John's birthday is February the second.
■ 用于固定词组中:in the morning / afternoon / evening
不用冠词的情况:
■ 专有名词前:China is a big country.
■ 名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:
This is my baseball.
■ 复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can't swim. They are teachers.
■ 在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It's Sunday.
■ 一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
■ 球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays
chess at home.
但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.
■ 学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.
■ 在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.
■ 固定词组中:at noon at night by bus
代词、形容词、副词
代词:人称代词,物主代词
形容词,副词:比较级,最高级
(一)、形容词的比较级
(1) 形容词比较级在句子中的运用:
两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词 than。比较级前
面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中
可用宾格)。
(2) 形容词加er的规则:
■ 一般在词尾加er
■ 以字母e 结尾,加r
■ 以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er
■ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。
(3) 不规则形容词比较级:
good-better,
beautiful-more beautiful
(二)副词的比较级
(1) 形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)
■ 在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
■ 副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
(2) 副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:
well-better, far- farther)
数词:序数词、基数词
(1) 1-20
one,two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven,
twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nieen,
twenty
(2) 21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。
23→twenty-three,
34→thirty-four,
45→forty—five,
56→fifty-six,
67→sixty-seven,
78→seventy-eight,
89→eighty-nine,
91→niy-one
(3) 101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;
586→five hundred and eighty-six,
803→eight hundred and three
(4) 1,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为
thousand. 第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion
1,001→ one thousand and one
18,423→ eighteen thousand four hundred and twenty-three
6,260,309→ six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred
and nine
750,000,000,000→ seven hundred and fifty bilion
序数词
(1) 一般在基数词后加 th
eg. four→fourth, thirteen→thirteenth
(2) 不规则变化
one→first,
two→second,
three→third,
five→fifth,
eight→eighth,
nine→ninth,
twelve—twelfth
(3) 以 y 结尾的十位整数,变 y 为 ie 再加 th
twenty→twentieth,
forty→fortieth,
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
本文更新与2021-01-08 19:40,由作者提供,不代表本网站立场,转载请注明出处:https://www.bjmy2z.cn/gaokao/503087.html