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初中英语定语从句
一．定语从句的理解：
用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语：
a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red
I know the girl. The girl is in red. (两个简单句) →I know the girl who is in red.（定语从句）
This is a dream. The dream will never come true.
→This is a dream which/that will never come true.
The dog has been found. The dog was lost. → The dog which/that was lost has been found.
This is the card. I’ve just received the card. → This is the card which / that I’ve just received.
定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子
关系代词的选用：
关系代词
who
whom
which
that
whose
指代
人
人
物
人、物
人、物
在定从中所做的成分
主、宾
宾
主、宾
主、宾
定语
关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
（一）关系代词引导的定语从句
指人，在从句中做主语、宾语。
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
(3)Did you see the man who/whom/that/- I talked with just now?
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
(3)Is this the doctor that（whom）you talked about yesterday？这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗？
(4)The letter that（which）I received yesterday was from my father．昨天我收到的信是我父亲寄来的。
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
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