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定语从句的用法
撰稿:郭素清 审稿:白雪雁
【概念引入】
欣赏含有定语从句的名言:
Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.
笑是太阳,它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。
Don’t trust the first sign that you see.
不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。
All is not gold that glitters.
发光的未必都是金子。
Nothing is impossible to the man who has will.
世上无难事,只怕有心人。
God helps those who help themselves.
自助者天助。
【用法讲解】
一、定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修 饰的词叫做先行
词,定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.
这是他给我的生日礼物。
Do you know everybody who came to the party?
你认识来宴会的每一位吗?
This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.
这是毛主席曾经居住的地方。
二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。【高清课堂:Relative clauses with “who”】
I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics.
我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。
These are musicians who make us happy.
这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。
People who eat a balanced diet are healthier.
平衡饮食的人是健康的。
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?
你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗?
Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
你想见的李先生已经来了。
3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
她妈妈病了的那个女孩今天呆在家。
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
我认识他的父亲是教授的那个男孩。
4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
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