党章考试内容英语中形容词的用法

2021年1月2日发(作者：程通)
一、
形容词的定义

英语中形容词的用法

形容词用来修饰名词或代词, 表示人或 事物的性质, 状态,和特征。 二、
形容词的用法：

1. 作定语，一般放在名词之前, 不定 代词 something，anything，
nothing， everything 等之后。 eg. It’s a sunny day today. 今天是个阳
光灿烂的日子。
She has a red coat. 她有一件红色的外套。 Would you like something
hot to drink？ 你想喝点热饮料 吗？ I have something important to tell
you. 我有重要的事要告诉你。 Is there anything interesting in the film.
电影里有什么有趣的内容吗？ There is nothing dangerous here. 这儿一
点都不危险。
2. 作表语，放在系动词的后面。 eg. He looks happy today. 他今天显
得很高兴 I feel very tired after playing football. 踢球之后我觉得很累。
3. 形容词用作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。 eg. Don’t keep the door
open. 别让门敞着。 His success made him happy. 他的成功让他感到
幸福。
4.某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词， 表示一类人。 常见的形容词
有：good bad, rich poor, young old, deaf blind, black white,
living dead 等。 eg. The old often think of old things. 老年人经常回想
往事。
The new always take the place of
the old. 新生事物总是会取代旧的事物。
5.多个形容词修饰一个名词时，其顺序为: 限定词（冠词→指示代词→形
容词性物 主代词）→数词→描绘性形容词（大小、长 短、高低、形状 、 年
龄、新旧 、颜色 ） →国籍→地区→出处→物质材料→用途→类 别 + 名词
A small round table 一张小圆桌 A tall white building 一幢高大的白色建
筑物 A famous American medical school 一个非常著名的美国医学院
day they crossed the _______ bridge behind the palace. A.
old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese
stone old
2. ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao? ---- It was great. We
visited some friends，and spent the _____ days at the seaside. A. few last
sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last
三、副词

1.副词的作用: 用来修饰动词.形容词.其它副词.全句或 名词词组及句子
用 法 例 My mother is out The girl there is my friend He runs fast 句作
表语 作定语 作状语 作宾补
I found him outside
2.有许多副词是对应的形容词 加ly构成 如: strong strongly real really
词尾是y的要把y变为i再加 ly, 如:busy busily happy happily
以e结尾的,大部分直接加-ly, 如:wide widely brave bravely
有几个特殊的要去e后再加-ly或y, 如:true –truly terrible --terribly
good的副词是well. well 也可作形容 词用，但只有唯一的意思＝healthy
健康的 hard 既是形容词也是副词,作形容词 是“困难的”＝difficult，作副
词是 “努力地”。 hardly的意思是“几乎不”它和hard 没关系

用词的适当形式填

1 hard hardly 1 He works very __________. He __________ has a rest
on Sunday. (hard) Luckily
2 __________, he didn’t fail in the exam.(luck) surprised
3 He was so __________ that he couldn’t surprising believe this
__________ news. (surprise) either
4 He won’t do it. I won’t do it, __________. (too)well
5 Mr. Green is feeling __________ enough to go to work. (good)
more friendly
6 The old man looks very _______________ than you think. (friend)
heavy
7 This box is not so ______ as that one. (heavy) highest
8 Lucy jumped __________ of the four. (high)
形容词和副词 比较级和最高级的构成

规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词

1) 一般情况加 – er 或 – est
fast – faster – fastest high – higher – highest clever – cleverer –
cleverest
规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词
2) 以字母 e 结尾加 –r 或 –st
fine – finer – finest late – later – latest nice – nicer – nicest
规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词
3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写加 –er 或 –est
fat – fatter – fattest big – bigger – biggest thin – thinner –
thinnest
规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词
4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y
为 i 加 –er 或 –est
early – earlier – earliest easy – easier – easiest lucky – luckier –
luckiest
规则变化
部分双音节和多音节词

在词前加 more 或 most
slowly - more slowly - most slowly easily - more easily - most easily
carefully - more carefully
- most carefully
不规则变化

goodwell – better – best manymuch – more – most
little – less – least far – farther – farthest ( far – further – furthest )
badbadlyill – worse – worst
形容词和副词
比较级和最高级的用法


1)表示两者（人或事物）的比较时 用比较级
，通常用连词
than 引导， 表示“较·”或“更···一些”的意 · · 思
*This cake is more delicious than that one.
*Li Lei jumped farther than Jim (did).

2) 表示三者或三者以上（人或事物） 的比较用最高级
，
最高级的前面一般要 加定冠词the，后面可带of（in,among） 短语来说明
比较的范围
*Shanghai is the biggest city in China. *Lucy sings (the) best of all.
*He is the most careful among us.

3) 在表示
“和··一样··” 和 · · · · “不及··” 这类概念时，可以
用 · · “as+原级+as” 和 “not as（so） +原级+as”的句型 *Our teacher
is as busy as before.
*He does not run so (as) fast as I.

4) 可用
much, still, a little, even, far,three years等表示程度的状语
来 修饰比较级 *She is much taller than . *He is three years older
than I. *This problem is a little more difficult than the other one.

5)几种比较级的使用句型

1.“ 比较级 + and + 比较级 ” 表示“ 越来越·· ” · ·
*Your English is getting better and better.
你的英语越来越好了。 *These days more and more people are learning
English.
现在学英语的人越来越多了。
2. “the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示“ 越··就越·· ” · · · · *The more,
the better. 越多越好。
*The busier he is, the happier he feels.
他越忙越高兴。
3.“ more (less) than ”表示 “不止，不到” *She is more than thirty.
她三十多岁了。 *The lightest weighs less than 50 kilograms.
最轻的不到五十公斤。
4.“more or less”表示“差不多， 或多或少” *The problem is more
or less solved.
这个问题差不多已经解决了。
*Is it straight? – More or less.
它直吗？ – 差不多吧。

6)注意点

1. 形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词最高级前可省略
2.在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后 常用one，that，those等词来
替代前 面提到过的名词 *This pen is shorter than that one. *The
weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.
3.用or连接两项需作比较的内容 时，须用比较级；若or连接三项或 三
项以上的内容时，则须用最高级
*Who is taller, Mary or Jane?
*Which is biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?

7)掌握几种同义句转换

1. He is taller than any other student in his class.
2. = He is taller than the other students in his class. = He is taller
than any of the other students in his class. = He is the tallest
(student)in his class.
3. I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English.
4. The box is too heavy for him to carry. = The box is so heavy that
he can’t carry it. = The box is not light enough for him to carry.
c
Exercises
选择
(A )1 Who gets home usually ____ in your family? A. the latest B.
later C. early D. as late
(B )2 The more we looked at the picture, ____. A. we like it less B.
the less we liked it C. better we liked it D. it looked better
(B )3 What a pity. Lucy ran ____ than Lily. A. a few more slowly B. a
little more slowly C. much more slowly D. little slowlier
( B)4 Don’t worry. Your baby is looked after ____ here, the nurse
are very ____. A. careful, carefully B. carefully, careful C. care, careless D.
careless, care
( C)5 The idea became ____ . He wanted to try ____. A. strangly, it
out B. strangly, out it C. strange, it out D. strange, out it
( C)6 Beijing is ____ biggest cities in China. A. the first B. one of C.
the second D. second
C 7、The bread is ____ than these cakes A、very delicious B. much
delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious
C 8. Lin Tao jumped ____ in the long jump in the school sports
meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far
9. When they met in the hotel . They talked A and laughed ______
y B. happy C. happier D. happiest
D is _____ season in Beijing ? B. better C. best D.
the best
11. I think Yao ming the famous basketball player , he will be ____
new Star in NBA D A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest
12. In our city it’s ____
in July ,but it is even ____ D in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C.
hotter hot D. hot hotter
13. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the C second ______ island in
china A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest D
14. An elephant is ____ than a tiger A. heavy B. very heavy C. the
heaviest D. heavier
15. A horse is ______ than a dog C heavy B. more heavier C.
much heavier
16. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . D She is _____ B.
careful C. carefully D. careless
17. Which subject is _____ , physics or C chemistry ? sting B.
most interesting C. More interesting D. the most interesting
18. He is A enough to carry the heavy box ___ B. stronger
C. much stronger . D. the strongest
19. Li lei often talks A but does _____ so ___ everyone says he is a
good boy A. less more B. few much C. more little D. little many
20. When the famous singer started to sing , A everyone began to
shout very ____ B. loud y D. high
形容词练习：
21. This coat is a bit too B for me. Do you have a size in blue.? A.
small, big B. small, bigger C. small, bigger D. small, big
22. He is so tired that he fell D as soon as he lay down. A. sleep B.
sleeping C. sleepy D. asleep
23. If I had A , I’d go to Egypt and have a book at the Great
Pyramid. A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a
holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough
24. He works very A . He has a rest on Sundays. A. hard, hardly B.
hardly, hard C. hard, hard D. hardly, hardly
25. July and August are the D months in a year. A. hot B. hotter C.
hotest D. hottest
26. –What do you think of the bridge? –I have never seen C
before? A. so a long one B. so long one
27. 30,000 dollars is a large amount of money, but it is C than we
need. A. far more B. very much C. far less D. very little
28. It’s kindB you to give me such great help. A. for B. of C. with D.
to
29. America is one of theC countries in the world. A. most develop
B. most developing C. most developed D. most development
30. John did D his brother in the exam. A. so badly as B. as good as
C. more careful than D. much more carefully than
31. Hearing the good news, Mary looked A and looked at us. A.
happy…happily B. happily…happy C. happy…happy D. happily…happily
32. China is larger than A in Asia. A. any other country B. any
country C. any other countries D. any countries