九曲黄河万里沙下一句：剑桥雅思4阅读解析test1

2020年11月30日发(作者：孙维世)
Test1
Question 1
答案：FALSE
关键词：media
定位原文：第1段第3句“In the face of the frequent and often vivid media coverage…”;“Despite
the extensive coverage in the popular media of the destruction of rainforests…”
解题思路：这两段当中的 frequentvividextensivecoverage等词都说明媒体对于热带雨林的现状
十分关注，并做了广泛报道。
Question 2
答案：FALSE
关键词：childrenclassroom
定位原文：第2段第3句“These ideas may be developed by children absorbing ideas through the
popular media。”这些观点可能是学生从大众媒体中获得的。
解题思路：这句话证明学生也从大众媒体中吸取有关热带雨林的观点，而并不是只从课堂中得到相关
知识。
Question 3
答案：TRUE
关键词：pure mistaken
定位原文：第2段第1句“Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about
‘pure’, curriculum science.”
解题思路：这句话是题干的同义替换，学生关键需要掌握“harbour”在这里的意思等于“hold”。
Question 4
答案：TRUE
关键词：frameworkeasier
定位原文：第2段第2句“These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated
into a multifaceted，but organized, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, some
of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification.”
解题思路：解这题的关键是要明白题干中的“easier to change”和文中的“accessible to
modification”是同义替换。
Question 5
答案：FALSE
关键词：yesno
定位原文：第4段第2句“Secondary school children were asked to complete a questionnaire
containing five open-form questions.”
解题思路：Open- form指简答题，与yesno直接矛盾。
Question 6
答案：NOT GIVEN
关键词：more likely than
定位原文：第5段第4句“More girls (70%) than boys (60%) raised the idea of rainforest as
animal habitats.”
第6段第1句“Similarly, but at a lower level, more girls (13%) than boys (5%) said that
rainforests provided human habitats.”
解题思路： 虽然这两句话分别将男生女生作了比较，但是比较内容并不是关于热带雨林破坏的错误观
点 ，所以此题属于并不存在的比较关系。
Question 7
答案： TRUE
关键词：follow on from
定位原文：第6段第2句“These observations are generally consistent with our previous studies
of pupils’ views about the use and conservation of rainforests…”
解题思路：“ previous”一词是先前的意思，证明在此研究之前，人们也就学生对热带雨林的看法做
了研究， 因此本文所提到的调査是在这些研究之后进行的。
Question 8
答案：NOT GIVEN
关键词：primarysecond
解题思路：文中直到最末尾也从未提到这项研究是否会继续，所以此题属于无中生有。
Question 9
答案：M
关键词：where rainforests
定位原文：第4段第6句“The commonest responses were continents or countries: Africa (given
by 43% of children), South America (30%), Brazil (25%).”
解题思路：根据对应句信息可选出答案为M。
Question 10
答案：E
关键词：importancerainforests
定位原文：第9段第1句…the majority of children simply said that we need rainforests to
survive.
解题思路：根据对应句信息可选出答案为E。
Question 11
答案：G
关键词：reasonloss
定位原文：第7段第2句“...more than half of the pupils(59%)identified that it is human
activities which are destroying rainforests,...”
解题思路：根据对应句信息可选出答案为G。
Question 12
答案：P
关键词：importantprotected
定位原文：第5段第2句“The dominant idea, raised by 64% of the pupils, was that rainforests
provide animals with habitats.”
解题思路：根据对应句信息可选出答案为P。
Question 13
答案：J
关键词：uncommonissue
定位原文：第9段第2句至第3句“Only a few of the pupils(6%)mentioned that rainforest
destruction may contribute to global warming. This is surprising considering the high level of
media coverage on this issue.”
解题思路：根据对应句信息可选出答案为J。
Question 14
答案：B
关键词：title
定位原文：无
解题思路：从文章第二段开始，一 直在围绕孩子对热带雨林容易产生错误的理解，因此本文重点应该
放在孩子对热带雨林遭破坏状况的观点 上，故要选择一个带有孩子的标题。
Question 15
答案：taste buds
关键词：taste
定位原文：第1段第5句“Similarly, although at least some cetaceans have taste buds, the nerves
serving these have degenerated or are rudimentary.”
解题思路：根据定位句信息，可知答案是taste buds。
Question 16
答案：baleen whales
关键词：stereoscopic vision
定位原文：第3段第3句“However，the position of the eyes so restricts the field of vision
in baleen whales that they probably do not have stereoscopic vision.”
解题思路：根据定位句信息，可知答案是baleen whales。
Question 17
答案：forward downward (IN EITHER ORDER)
关键词：Dolphins, porpoises
定位原文：第4段第1句“On the other hand, the position of the eyes in most dolphins and
porpoises suggests that they have stereoscopic vision forward and downward.”
解题思路：根据定位句信息，可知答案是forward和downward。
Question 18
答案：(the) freshwater dolphin(s)
关键词：forward and upward
定位原文：第4段第2句“Eye position in freshwater dolphins, which often swim on their side
or upside down while feeding, suggests that what vision they have is stereoscopic forward and
upward.”
解题思路：根据关键词定位，可知答案为freshwater dolphin(s)。
Question 19
答案：(the) water
关键词：bottlenose dolphin
定位原文：第4段第3句“By comparison, the bottlenose dolphin has extremely keen vision in
water. Judging from the way it watches and tracks airborne flying fish, it can apparently see
fairly well through the air- water interface as well.”
解题思路：题干中的exception al和文中的extremely是同义替换，所以根据定位句答案应该为water。
Question 20
答案：(the) lower frequencies
关键词：most large baleen
定位原文：第6段第3句“Large baleen whales primarily use the lower frequencies and are often
limited in their repertoire.”
解题思路：根据定位句信息，可知答案是(the) lower frequencies。
Question 21
答案：bowhead humpback (IN EITHER ORDER)
关键词：song-like
定位原文：第6段第4句“Notable exceptions are the nearly song-like choruses of bowhead whales
in summer and the complex, haunting utterances of the humpback whales.”
解题思路：根据song- like定位到该句话，可知答案为bowhead和humpback。
Question 22
答案：touchsense of touch
关键词：mating
定位原文：第2段第3句“This contact may help to maintain order within a group, and stroking
or touching are part of the courtship ritual in most species.”
解题思路：这里的mating和文中的courtship ritual是同义替换，所以答案应为touch或者sense of
touch。
Question 23
答案：freshwater dolphin(s)
关键词：upside downeating
定位原文：第4段第2句“Eye position in freshwater dolphins, which often swim on their side
or upside down while feeding...”
解题思路：根据定位句信息，可知答案是freshwater dolphin(s)。
Question 24
答案：airborne flying fish
关键词：followunder the water
定位原文：第4段第3句“By comparison, the bottlenose dolphin has extremely keen vision in
water. Judging from the way it watches and tracks airborne flying fish, it can apparently see
fairly well through the air-water interface as well.”
解题 思路：题目中的“follow”和文中的“tracks”是同义替换，根据定位句信息，可知答案是airb orne
flying fish。
Question 25
答案：clear water(s)clear open water(s)
关键词：habitatgood visual ability
定位原文：第5段第句“For example, vision is obviously more useful to species inhabiting clear
open waters than to those living in turbid rivers and flooded plains.”
解题思路：根据定位句信息，可知答案是clear open water(s)。
Question 26
答案：(the) acoustic sense
关键词：bestcetaceans
定位原文：第6段第1句“Although the senses of taste and smell appear to have deteriorated,
and vision in water appears to be uncertain, such weaknesses are more than compensated for by
cetaceans’ well- developed acoustic sense.”
解题思路：根据定位句信息，可知答案是acoustic sense。
Question 27
答案：C
关键词：first paragraph
定位原文：第1段第1句“From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people
can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and
other surfaces in space.”
解题思路：根据定位句可知，说的是盲人能够理解ou tlines和perspectives的使用。故正确答案为
C。
Question 28
答案：C
关键词：surprisedblind woman
定位原文：第1段第3-5句“This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman
in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning.
To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig.1). I was taken aback. Lines of
motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration.”
解 题思路：这段话说到让作者惊讶的是一个盲人女性决定靠自己的能力绘出正在旋转的轮椅。故正确
答案为 C选项。
Question 29
答案：A
关键词：Part1 blind subjects
定位原文：第5段第4句“Evidently, however, the blind not only figured out meanings for each
line of motion，but as a group they generally came up with the same meaning at least as frequently
as did sighted subjects.”
解题思路：从“not only…but…came up with the same meaning as least as frequently as did sighted
subjects” 可以得出A选项正确。这里并没有说比sighted subjects会好，所以D选项是不对的。
Question 30
答案：E
关键词：无
定位原文：Part1第4段最后一句“Subjects assumed that spokes extending beyond the wheel's
perimeter signified that the wheel had its brakes on...”
解题思路：这段话恰好说明辐条超出了车轮的周界是使用了刹车，所以正确答案为E。
Question 31
答案：C
关键词：无
定位原文：Part1第4段最后一句“...and that dashed spokes indicated the wheel was spinning
quickly.”
解题思路：这句话的意思是虚线辐条表示车轮在快速转动，故正确答案为C。
Question 32
答案：A
关键词：无
定位原文：Part1第4段第2句“Most guessed that the curved spokes indicated that the wheel
was spinning steadily…”
解题思路：这句话的意思是曲线辐条表示车轮在稳定的转动，故正确答案为A。
Question 33
答案：pairs
关键词：Part2a set of word
定位原文：Part2第2段第1句“We gave a list of twenty pairs of word of words to sighted
subjects...”
解题思路：此空要求填一个名词，而词库中只有associations, pairs, shapes, words四个词是名词，
从意思上判断，words和shapes显然不太合适， 最后只能填pairs。
Question 34
答案：shapes
关键词：abstract
定位原文：Part2第3段最后一句“Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes
as sighted people do.”
解题思路：Abstract是形容词，空里要求填个名词。从对应句可以看出改名词为shapes。
Question 35
答案：sighted
关键词：circlesofthardsquare
定位原文：Part2第3段第1句“All our subjects deemed the hardsquare circle soft and the
square hard.”
解题思路：虽然在这句话中没有出现sighted这个词，但是根据上一整段的内容推测，此处的 subjects
指得是sighted subjects.
Question 36
答案：sighted
关键词：51%
定位原文：Part2第3段第4句。And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square.(See
Fig.2.)
解题思路：这题依然没有出现sighted这个词，但是同上题，根据上文可以推测出这里的voluntee rs
指的是sighted subjects。
Question 37
答案：deep
关键词：51%
定位原文：Part2第3段第4句。And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square.(See
Fig.2.)
解题思路：根据定位句可知，这里填的词应该是deep。
Question 38
答案：blind
关键词：repeatedvolunteers
定位原文：Part2第3段第5句“When we tested four totally blind volunteers using the same
list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects.”
解题思路：这句话是说被测试者是blind volunteers，故正确答案为blind。
Question 39
答案：smilar
关键词：choices
定位原文：Part2第3段第7句“He made only one match differing from the consensus, assigning
'far' to square and 'near' to circle.”
解题思路：“Consensus”是共识的意 思，从这句话我们可以知道盲人们对如何搭配基本可以达成一致
意见。
Question 40
答案：B
关键词：conlusion
定位原文：Part2第3段最后一句“Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes
as sighted people do.”
解题思路：这句话刚好是B选项的同义替换，意思是我们能够推断出盲人诠释abstract shapes与视
力正常的人是一样的。