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英语学习讲义
Section Ⅲ
Grammar——
限制性定语从句
语
境
自
主
领
悟
先观察原句
1.
There was not
much
(that) we
could do when it was raining.
2.
That is
all
that works.
flower
to
?
后自主感悟
1.
例句
1
先行词
much
和例句
2
先行词
all< br>后用
that
,不用
which
,作定语从句的宾
语时可以省 略。
3.
Who is the girl
that
he gave the
2.
例句
3
、
4
中关系代词作动词的间 接宾
语时,用
to
或
for
,无关系代词时,也要
4.The lady I wrote the poem
for
用
to
或
for
。
was my sister.
3.
例句
5
中介词置于从句之首,关系代词
5.
This is the great writer
to whom
whom
之前。
our teacher was referring.
4.
例句
6
中定语从句的谓语动词如果是
6.
He received the email (
that
) he
以介词结尾的短语动词,则不可把介词
was
looking forward to.
移至从句之首。
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可 缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思
就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切,书写时不可 用逗号分开。
非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作附加补充说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清
晰 完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切,书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性
好好努力 梦想终会实现
1
英语学习讲义
定语从句一般不用
that
引导。
Do you know the girl
who just came in?
你认识那个刚刚进来的女孩吗?
(
若把从句去掉,则不明白是哪个女孩
)
The old woman
,
who lives on her own
,
has a cat for company.
这个老妇人一个人住,养 了一只猫陪伴她。
(
若把从句去掉,仍然知道是哪
个老妇人
)
[
即时训练
1]
单句语法填空
①
My house
,
which I bought last year
,
has got a lovely garden.
②
The boy that/who broke the window is called Tom.
一、只用
that
不用
which
的情况
1.先行词是不定代词
all
,
much
,
little
,
something
,
everything
,
anything
,
nothing
,
none
等或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时。< br>
Do you have
anything that
you want to say for yourself?
你有什么要为自己说的吗?
the very (
恰恰,
the last
,
2
.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级或
the only
,正好
)
,
all
,
no
,
few
,little
,
any
等修饰时。
This is one of
the most exciting
football games
that
I have ever seen.
这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。
This is
the only
thing
that
we can do now.
这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。
3
.先行词既有人又有物时。
The scientist and his achievements that
you told me about are admired by us
all.
你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就为我们所有人所钦佩。
4
.当先行词在主句中作表语,而关系代词也作表语时。
Shanghai is no longer
the city that
it used to be.
上海不再是过去的那座城市了。
5
.当主句的主语是疑问词
who
或
which
时。
Who
is the person
that
is standing at the gate?
站在门口的那个人是谁?
[
即时训练
2]
单句语法填空
好好努力 梦想终会实现
2
英语学习讲义
①
He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.
②
Here is the book about which I told you yesterday.
③
This is the best way that is to be used against pollution.
二、只用
which
不用
that
的情况
1
.引导非限制性定语从句。
Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others
,
of course
,
which
,
made the others envy him.
海伦对她最小的儿子比对其他的儿子好得多,这当然使其他的儿子很嫉妒她
的小儿子。
2
.关系代词充当介词的宾语,且介词位于关系代词之前。
This is the house
in which
Lu Xun once lived.
这是鲁迅曾住过的房子。
3
.引导的定语从句修饰前面的整个主句,代替主 句所表示的整体或部分概
念。
The result was not the same as they had expected
,
which
was rather
disappointing.
结果与当初预料的不一样,这令人很失望。
[
即时训练
3]
单句语法填空
①
Tom came back
,
which made us very happy.
②
The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.
三、
宜用
who
不宜用
that
的情况
1
. 当先行词是指人的不定代词时,如:
one
,
ones
,
anyon e
。
Anyone who
does that must be mad.
谁那样做都一定是疯了。
2
.当先行词是
I
,
you
,
he
,
they
等人称代词时
(
常用于谚语中
)
。
He who
doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a true man.
不到长城非好汉。
3
.当先行词为指人的
those
时。
Those who
have good manners will be highly respected.
那些有礼貌的人会受
到人们的高度尊重。
4
.在
there be
结构中,先行词是指人的名词时。
好好努力 梦想终会实现
3
accentuate-人皮蝇
引入-erke
跌倒-耆宿
adjourn-政治功能
qpr-国王队
1000000-chicco
读英语-lvg
草莓的英语-猖狂
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