二怎么写-英语鬼故事
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2019年6月大学英语四级真题及答案完整版(卷二)
Part I Writing
【题干】Directions: For this part, you are allowed
30 minutes to write a news report
to your
campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm
organized by your Student Union.
You should
write at least 120 words but no more than180
words.
【答案】An Impressive Activities-Visiting
In order to help us students to enrich life
and broaden horizon, the Student Union
organized a meaningful activity on last
weekend--visiting the local farm, by which
we
grasped much useful knowledge about agriculture.
The farm we visited is located in the suburb
of Beijing and far away from our school,
which
covers an area of 1000 square feet. Along with
native foods like rice and
potatoes, the
farmers on the farm grow many organic vegetables,
including corn,
cucumbers, tomatoes and so
forth. Besides, the farm breeds a host of local
species
such as dairy cattle, geese, chicken
by modern scientific technique. One of the most
impressive things for us is that by means of
green farming methods, the problem of
environmental pollution has been effectively
alleviated.
This outdoors activity has a
really deep impression for us. Not only did it get
us
closer to the nature and relieve pressure
from us, it also enhance our professional
knowledge about husbandry technology.[page]
PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you
will hear three news reports. At the end of each
news report, you will hear two or three
questions. Both the news report and then
questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the
best
answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and
D).Then mark the corresponding
letter on
Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre.
News 1
(1) A 9-year-old Central
California boy braved strong currents and cold
water to
swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz
Island and back.
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A California television station in Fresno
reported Tuesday that James Savage set
a
record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey
to the former prison.
The TV station reported
that by completing the swim, the fourth-grader
student from
Los Banos broke a record
previously held by a 10-year-old boy.
James
said that waves in the San Francisco Bay hitting
him in the face 30 minutes
into his swim made
him want to give up.
(2) His father said he
had offered his son $$100 as a reward. To encourage
his
struggling son, he doubled it to $$200.
James pushed forward, making it to Alcatraz
Island and back in a little more than
two
hours.
Alcatraz is over a mile from the
mainland.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the
news report you have just heard.
Question 1.
What did the boy from Central California do
according to the report?
A)He set a record be
swimming to and from an island.
B)He
celebrated ninth birthday on a small island.
C)He visited a prison located on a faraway
island.
D)He swam around an island near San
Francisco.
答案:A
Question 2. What did the
father do to encourage his son?
A)He doubled
the reward.
B)He cheered him on all the way.
C)He set him an example.
D)He had the
event covered on TV.
答案:A
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News 2
On the
1st of January, new regulations will come into
effect which eliminate an annual
leave bonus
for people who put off marrying until the age of
23 for women, and 25
for men, the South China
Morning Post reports. (3) The holiday bonus was
designed
to encourage young people to delay
getting married in line with China’s one child
policy. But with that policy now being
abolished, this holiday incentive is no longer
necessary, the government says.
In
Shanghai, a young couple at a marriage
registration office told the paper that
they
decided to register their marriage as soon as
possible to take advantage of
the existing
policy, because an extra holiday was a big deal
for them. In Beijing,
one registration office
had about 300 couples seeking to get married the
day after
the changes were announced, rather
than the usual number of between 70 and 80. (4)
But one lawyer tells the paper that the
changes still have to be adopted by local
governments and these procedures take time, so
people who are rushing to register
for
marriage can relax.
Questions 3 and 4 are
based on the news report you have just heard.
Question 3: What was the purpose of the annual
leave bonus in China?
A)To end the one-child
policy.
B)To encourage late marriage.
C)To
increase working efficiency.
D)To give people
more time to travel.
答案:B
Question 4: What
do we learn about the new regulations?
A)They
will not be welcomed by young people.
B)They
will help to popularize early marriage.
C)They
will boost China’s economic growth.
D)They
will not com into immediate effect.
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答案:D
News 3
(6) Everyone loves a good house party, but the
cleaning up the next morning isn’
t as
enjoyable.
(5) Now, however, a New Zealand-
based startup company aims to bring messy homes –
and even splitting headaches – back to normal.
The properly-named startup
Morning-After Maids
was launched about a month ago in Auckland by
roommates Rebecca
Foley and Catherine Ashurst.
Aside from cleaning up, the two will also cook
breakfast
and even get coffee and painkillers
for recovering merrymakers. Although they’
re
both gainfully employed, they fit cleaning jobs
into their nights and weekends
(which is when
their service is in most demand anyway).
(7)
Besides being flooded with requests from across
the country, Foley and Ashurst
have also
received requests from the US and Canada to
provide services there. They
are reportedly
meeting with lawyers to see how best to take the
business forward.
Questions 5 to 7 are based
on the news report you have just heard.
Question 5: What is the news report mainly
about?
A)Cleaning service in great demand all
over the world.
B)Two ladies giving up well-
paid jobs to do cleaning.
C)A new company to
clean up the mess after parties.
D)Cleaners
gainfully employed at nights and weekends.
答案:C
Question 6: What is a common problem
with a house party?
A)It takes a lot of time
to prepare.
B)It leaves the house in a mess.
C)It makes party goers exhausted.
D)It
creates noise and misconduct.
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答案:B
Question
7: What are Rebecca Foley and Catherine Ashurst
planning to do?
A)Hire an Australian lawyer.
B)Visit the U.S. and Canada.
C)Settle a
legal dispute.
D)Expand their business.
答案:D
Section B
Directions: In this
section, you will hear two long conversations. At
the end of
each conversation, you will hear
four questions. Both the conversation and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the
best
answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and
D). Then mark the corresponding
letter on
Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre.
Conversation 1
W: Kyle, how did
your (8) driver's theory exam go? It was
yesterday, right?
M: Yes, I prepared it as
much as I could, but I was so nervous since it was
my second
try. The people who worked at the
test center were very kind, though. We had a
little
conversation which calmed me down a
bit, and that was just what I needed. Then, after
the exam, they printed out my result, but I
was afraid to open it until I was outside.
It
was such a relief to pass.
W: Congratulations!
I knew you could do it! (9) I guess you
underestimated how
difficult it would be the
first time, didn't you? I hear a lot of people
make that
mistake and go in underprepared. But
good job in passing the second time. I'm so
proud of you. Now all you have to do next is
your road test. Have you had any lessons
yet?
M: (10) Yes, thanks. I'm so happy to be
actually on the road now. I've only had two
driving lessons so far and my instructor is
very understanding. So I'm really
enjoying it
and I can't wait for my next session although the
lessons are rather
expensive. Twenty pounds an
hour, and the instructor says, I'll need about 30
to
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40 lessons in
total. That's what--six to eight hundred pounds!
(11) So this time
I'll need to make a lot more
effort and hopefully will be successful the first
time.
M: Well, good luck!
Questions 8 to
11 are based on the conversation you have just
heard.
Question 8. What did the man do
yesterday?
A)He had a driving lesson.
B)He
got his driver’s license.
C)He took the
driver’s theory exam.
D)He passed the driver’s
road test.
答案:C
Question 9. Why did he
fail the exam the first time?
A)He was not
well prepared.
B)He did not get to the exam in
time.
C)He was not used to the test format.
D)He did not follow the test procedure.
答案:A
Question 10. What does the man say
about his driving lessons?
A)They are tough.
B)They are costly.
C)They are helpful.
D)They are too short.
答案:B
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Question 11. What
does the man hope to do next?
A)Pass his road
test the first time.
B)Test-drive a few times
on highways.
C)Find an experienced driving
instructor.
D)Earn enough money for driving
lessons.
答案:A
Long conversation 2
M:
Emma, I got accepted to the University of Leeds.
Since you're going to university
in England,
(12) do you know how much it is for international
students to study there?
W: Congratulations!
Yes, I believe for international students, you'll
have to pay
around 13,000 pounds a year. It's
just a bit more than the local students.
M:
Ok, so that's about 17,000 dollars for the tuition
and fees. (13) Anyway, I'm
only going to be
there for a year doing my masters, so it's pretty
good. If I stayed
in the US, it'd take two
years and cost at least 50,000 dollars in tuition
alone.
(14) Also, I have a good chance of
winning a scholarship at Leeds, which will be
pretty awesome, the benefits of being a music
genius.
W: (14) Yeah, I heard you're a
talented piano player. So you're doing a post-
graduate
degree now? I'm still in my last year
graduating next June. Finally I'll be done
with my studies and can go on to earn in loads
of money.
M: Are you still planning on being a
teacher? No money in that job then?
W: You'd
be surprised. (15) I'm still going to be a
teacher. But the plan is to work
at an
international school overseas after I get a year
or so of experience in England.
It's better
paid and I get to travel, which reminds me I'm
late for my class and
I've got some documents
I need to print out first. I'd better run.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the
conversation you have just heard.
Question 12.
What does the man want to know?
A)Where the
woman studies.
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B)The acceptance rate at Leeds.
C)Leeds’
tuition for international students.
D)How to
apply for studies at a university.
答案:C
Question 13. What is the man going to do?
A)Apply to an American university.
B)Do
research on higher education.
C)Perform in a
famous musical.
D)Pursue postgraduate studies.
答案:D
Question 14. What might qualify the
man for a scholarship at Leeds University?
A)His favorable recommendations.
B)His
outstanding musical talent.
C)His academic
excellence.
D)His unique experience.
答案:B
Question 15. What is the woman planning to do
after graduation?
A) Do a master’s degree.
B) Settle down in England.
C) Travel
widely.
D) Teach overseas.
答案:D
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Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear
three passages. At the end of each passage,
you will hear three or four questions. Both
the passage and the questions will be
spoken
only once. After you hear a question, you must
choose the best answer from
the four choices
marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the
corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1 with a
single line through the centre.
Short passage
1
Scientists have identified thousands of
known ant species around the world. And only
a
few of them bug humans. Most ants live in the
woods or out in nature, there they
keep other
creatures in check, distribute seeds and clean
dead and decaying materials
from the ground.
(16) A very small percentage of ants do harm to
humans. But those
are incredibly challenging
to control. They are small enough to easily slip
inside
your house, live in colonies that
number in the tens of thousands to the hundreds
of thousands, and reproduce quickly. That
makes them good at getting in and hard
to kick
out. Once they settle in, these insects start
affecting your home. In addition
to biting
ants, other species can cause different kinds of
damage. (17)Some, like
carpenter ants can
undermine a home structure, while others interfere
with
electrical units. Unfortunately our homes
are very attractive to ants because they
provide everything the colony needs to
survive, such as food, water and shelter.
So
how can we prevent ants from getting into our
homes? (18)Most important of all,
avoid giving
ants any access to food, particularly sugary food
because ants have
a sweet tooth. We also need
to clean up spills as soon as they occur and store
food
in airtight containers. Even garbage
attracts ants, so empty your trash as often
as
possible, and store your outside garbage in a
lidded can well away from doors
and windows.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage
you have just heard.
Question 16. What does
the passage say about ants?
A) They help
farmers keep diseases in check.
B) Many
species remain unknown to scientists.
C) Only
a few species cause trouble to humans.
D) They
live in incredibly well-organized colonies.
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答案:C
Question
17. What do we learn from the passage about
carpenter ants?
A) They are larger than many
other species.
B) They can cause damage to
people’s homes.
C) They can survive a long
time without water.
D) They like to form
colonies in electrical units.
答案:B
Question 18. What can we do to prevent ants
from getting into our homes?
A) Deny them
access to any food.
B) Keep doors and windows
shut.
C) Destroy their colonies close by.
D) Refrain from eating sugary food.
答案:A
Passage 2
(19) My research focus is on
what happens to our immune system as we age. So
the
job of the immune system is to fight
infections. It also protects us from viruses,
and from autoimmune diseases. We know that as
we get older, it’s easier for us to
get
infections. So older adults have more chances of
falling ill. This is evidence
that our immune
system really doesn’t function so well when we
age. In most of our
work, when we’re looking
at older adults who’ve got an illness, we always
have
to have health controls. So we work very
closely with a great group of volunteers
called the ‘One Thousand Elders’. These
volunteers are all 65 or over, but in good
health. (20) They come to the university to
provide us with blood samples, to be
interviewed, and to help us carry out a whole
range of research. (21) The real impact
of our
research is going to be on health in old age. At
the moment, we’re living
much longer. Life
expectancy is increasing at two years for every
decade. That means
an extra five hours a day.
I want to make sure that older adults are still
able to
enjoy their old age, and that they’re
not spending time in hospital with infections,
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feeling unwell
and being generally weak. (21) We want people to
be healthy, even
when they’re old.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage
you have just heard.
Question 19. What is the
focus of the speaker’s research?
A) The
function of the human immune system.
B) The
cause of various auto-immune diseases.
C) The
viruses that may infect the human immune system.
D) The change in people’s immune system as
they get older.
答案:D
Question 20. What are
the volunteers asked to do in the research?
A)
Report their illnesses.
B) Offer blood
samples.
C) Act as research assistants.
D)
Help to interview patients.
答案:B
Question
21. What does the speaker say will be the impact
of his research?
A) Strengthening people’s
immunity to infection.
B) Better understanding
patients’ immune system.
C) Helping improve
old people’s health conditions.
D) Further
reducing old patients’ medical expenses.
答案:C
Passage 3
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When Ted Camarda started teaching 14 years ago
at Killip elementary, he didn’t know
how to
manage a classroom and was struggling to connect
with students. (22)He noticed
a couple of days
after school, that a group of kids would get
together to play chess.
“I know how to play
chess, let me go and show these kids how to do
it”, he said.
Now Camarda coaches the school’s
chess team. The whole program started as a safe
place for kids to come after school.
(23)And this week, dozens of those students
are getting ready to head out to Nashville,
Tennessee to compete with about 5000 other
young people at the Super Nationals of
Chess.
The competition only happens every four years and
the last time the team went,
they won the
third place in the nation. Camarda says chess
gives him and his students’
control. (24)The
school has the highest number of kids from low
income families.
Police frequent the area day
and night. As two months ago, a young man was shot
just
down the street, Camarda likes to teach
his students that they should think about
their move before they do it. The lessons
prove valuable outside the classroom as
well.
Many parents see these lessons translate into the
real world. (25)Students
are more likely to
think about their actions and see whether they
will lead to
trouble.
Questions 22 to 25
are based on the passage you have just heard.
Question 22 What did Ted Camarda notice one
day after he started teaching at Killip
elementary?
A) His students had trouble
getting on with each other.
B) A lot of kids
stayed at school to do their homework.
C) His
students were struggling to follow his lessons.
D) A group of kids were playing chess after
school.
答案:D
Question 23 What are dozens
of students from Camarda’s school going to do this
week?
A) Visit a chess team in Nashville.
B) Join the school’s chess team.
C)
Participate in a national chess competition.
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D) Receive
training for a chess competition.
答案:C
Question 24 What do we learn about the
students of Killip elementary?
A) Most of them
come from low-income families.
B) Many have
become national chess champions.
C) A couple
of them have got involved in crimes.
D) Many
became chess coaches after graduation.
答案:A
Question 25 What have the students learned
from Camarda?
A) Actions speak louder than
words.
B) Think twice before taking action.
C) Translate their words into action.
D)
Take action before it gets too late.
答案:B[page]
Part Ⅲ Reading
Section A
The center of American automobile innovation
has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles
away.
It has _____(27)from Detroit to Silicon Valley,
where self-driving vehicles
are coming into
life.
In a _____(28)to take production back to
Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced
_____(29)that could make their state the best
place in the country, if not the world,
to
develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the
road.
_____(30)in auto research and
development is under attack from several
states and countries which desire to
_____(31)our leadership in transportation. We
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can't let
happen,
recently introduced.
If all four
bills pass as written, they would _____(33)a
substantial update of
Michigan's 2013 law that
allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in
limited
conditions. Manufacturer would have
nearly total freedom to test their self-driving
technology on public roads. They would be
allowed to send groups of self-driving
cars on
cross-state road trips, and even set on-demand
_____(34)of self-driving cars,
like the one
General Motors and Lyft are building.
Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the
state ready for the commercial
application of
self-driving technology. In _____(35), California,
home of Silicon
Valley, recently proposed far
more _____(36)rules that would require human
drivers
be ready to take the wheel, and
commercial use of self-driving technology.
26、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
nce
ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
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icant
r
itted
【答案】H
27、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
nce
ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
icant
r
itted
【答案】A
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28、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
nce
ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
icant
r
itted
【答案】G
29、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
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nce
ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
icant
r
itted
【答案】D
30、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
nce
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ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
icant
r
itted
【答案】I
31、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
nce
ation
ed
e
ent
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ctive
icant
r
itted
【答案】N
32、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
nce
ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
icant
r
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itted
【答案】J
33、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
nce
ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
icant
r
itted
【答案】E
34、【题干】_____.
【选项】
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st
nce
ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
icant
r
itted
【答案】B
35、【题干】_____.
【选项】
st
nce
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ation
ed
e
ent
ctive
icant
r
itted
【答案】K[page]
Section B
Make Stuff, Fail, And Learn
While You're At It
[A] We've always been a
hands-on, do-it-yourself kind of nation. Ben
Franklin, one
of America's founding fathers,
didn't just invent the lightning rod. His
creations
include glasses, innovative stoves
and more.
[B] Franklin, who was largely self-
taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't
really an exception when it comes to American
making and creativity.
[C] The personal
computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive
innovation of
Silicon Valley grew, in part,
out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer
Club,
Which was founded in a garage in Menlo
Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members
—
including guys named Jobs and Wozniak — started
making and inventing things they
couldn't buy.
[D] So it's no surprise that the Maker
Movement today is thriving in communities
and
some schools across America. Making is available
to ordinary people who aren't
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tied to big
companies, big defense labs or research
universities. The maker
philosophy echoes old
ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and
even ancient
Greek philosophers, as we pointed
out recently.
[E] These maker spaces are often
outside of classrooms, and are serving an
important
educational function. The Maker
Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which
is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are
rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and
a lot
of the practices that they pioneered that have
been forgotten or at least put
aside. A maker
space is a place which can be in a school, but it
doesn't look like
a classroom. It can be in a
library. It can be out in the community. It has
tools
and materials. It's a place where you
get to make things based on your interest and
on what you're learning to do.
[F] Ideas
about learning by doing have struggled to become
mainstream educationally,
despite being old
concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and
Aristotle, and in
the American Contcxt, Ralph
Emerson, on the value of experience and self-
reliance.
It's not necessarily an efficient
way to learn. We learn, in a sense, by trial and
error. Learning from experience is something
that takes time and patience. It's very
individualized. If your goal is to have
standardized approaches to learning, where
everybody learns the same thing at the same
time in the same way, then learning by
doing
doesn't really fit that mold anymore. It's not the
world of textbooks. It's
not the world of
testing.
[G] Learning by doing may not be
efficient, but it is effective. Project-based
learning has grown in popularity with teachers
and administrators. However,
project-based
learning is not making. Although there is a
connection, there is also
a distinction. The
difference lies in whether the project is in a
sense defined and
developed by the student or
whether it's assigned by a teacher. We'll all get
the
kids to build a small boat. We are all
going to learn about X, Y, and Z. That tends
to be one form of project-based learning.
[H] I really believe the core idea of making
is to have an idea within your head
— or you
just borrow it from someone — and begin to develop
it , repeat it and
improve it. Then, realize
that idea somehow. That thing that you make is
valuable
to you and you can share it with
others. I'm interested in how these things are
expressions of that person, their ideas, and
their interactions with the world.
[I] In some
ways, a lot of forms of making in school
trivialize(使变得无足轻重)making.
The thing that you
make has no value to you. Once you are done
demonstrating whatever
concept was in the
textbook, you throw away the pipe cleaners, the
cardboard tubes.
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[J] Making should be student-directed and
student-led, otherwise it's boring. It
doesn't
have the motivation of the student. I'm not saying
that students should not
learn concepts or not
learn skills. They do. But to really harness their
motivation
is to build upon their interest.
It's to let them be in control and to drive the
car.
[K] Teachers should aim to build a
supportive, creative environment for students
to do this work. A very social environment,
where they are learning from each other.
When
they have a problem, it isn't the teacher
necessarily coming in to solve it.
They are
responsible for working through that problem. It
might be they have to talk
to other students
in the class to help get an answer.
[L] The
teacher's role is more of a coach or observer.
Sometimes, to people, it sounds
like this is a
diminished rote for teachers. I think it's a
heightened role. You're
ereating this
environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids
doing different
things. You are watching them
and really it's the human behaviors you're looking
at. Are they engaged? A they developing and
repeating their project? Are they
stumbling
(受挫)? Do they need something that they don't have?
Can you help them
be aware of where they are?
[M] My belief is that the goal of making is
not to get every kid to be hands-on,
but it
enable us to be good learners. It's not the
knowledge that is valuable, It's
the practice
of learning new things and understanding how
things work. These are
processes that you are
developing so that you are able, over time, to
tackle more
interesting problems, more
challenging problems—problems that require many
people
instead of one person, and many skills
instead of one.
[N] If teachers keep it form-
free and student-led, it can still be tied to a
curriculum and an educational plan. I think a
maker space is more like a like a library
in
that there are multiple subjects and multiple
things that you can learn. What
seems to be
missing in school is how these subjects integrate,
how they fit together
in any meaningful way.
Rather than saying, ‘This is science, over here is
history,'
I see schools taking this idea of
projects and looking at: How do they support
children in higher level learning?
[O] I
feel like this is a shift away form a subject
matter-based curriculum to a
more experiential
curriculum or learning. It's still in its early
stages, but I think
it's shifting around not
what kids learn but how they learn.
36.【题干】A
maker space is where people make things according
to their personal
interests.
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【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】E
37.【题干】The teachers'
role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to
monitor
and facilitate during the process.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
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C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】L
38.【题干】Coming up with an idea of one's own or
improving one from others is key
to the
concept of making.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
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F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】H
39.【题干】Contrary to
structured learning, learning by doing is highly
individualized.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
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I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】F
40.【题干】America is a nation known for the idea
of making things by oneself.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
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M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】A
41.【题干】Making will be boring
unless students are able to take charge.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】J
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42.【题干】Making can
be related to a project, but it is created and
carried out
by students themselves.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】G
43.【题干】The
author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker
space into a school
curriculum.
【选项】
A.A
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B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】N
44、【题干】The maker
concept is a modern version of some ancient
philosophical ideas.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
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F.F
G.G
H.H
I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】D
45.【题干】Making is not
taken seriously in school when students are asked
to make
something meaningless to them based on
textbooks.
【选项】
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
F.F
G.G
H.H
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I.I
J.J
K.K
L.L
M.M
N.N
O.O
【答案】I[page]
Section C
Passage One
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following
passage.
In the classic marriage vow(誓约),
couples promise to stay together in sickness and
in health. But a new study finds that the risk
of divorce among older couples rises
when the
wife-not the husband—becomes seriously ill.
struggling with the impact of their
disease while also experiencing the stress of
divorce,
Karraker and co-author Kenzie
Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717
marriages
from a study conducted by Indiana
University since 1992. At the time of the first
interview, at least one of the partners was
over the age of 50.
The researchers examined
how the onset(发生)of four serious physical
illnesses
affected marriages. They found that,
overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over
the period studied. The incidence of new
chronic(慢性的)illness onset increased over
time
as will, with more husbands than wives developing
serious health problems.
illness,Karraker
said. more likely to be widowed, and if they're
the noes
who become ill, they're more likely
to get divorced.
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While the study didn't assess why divorce in
more likely when wives but not husbands
become
seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible
reasons.
social expectations about caregiving
many make it more difficult for men to provide
care to sick spouses,
markets, especially
in older ages, divorced men have more choices
among prospective
partners than divorced
women.
Given the increasing concern about
health care costs for the aging population,
Karraker believes policymakers should be aware
of the relationship between disease
and risk
of divorce.
marital stress and prevent
divorce at older ages,she said. it's also
important
to recognize that the pressure to
divorce may be health-related and that sick
ex-wives may need additional care and services
to prevent worsening health and
increased
health costs.
46.【题干】What can we learn about
marriage vows from the passage?
【选项】
may
not guarantee a lasting marriage.
are as
binding as they used to be.
are not taken
seriously any more.
may help couples tide
over hard times.
【答案】A
47.【题干】What did
Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about
elderly husbands?
【选项】
are generally not
good at taking care of themselves.
can become
increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.
can develop different kinds of illnesses just like
their wives.
are more likely to contract
serious illnesses than their wives.
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【答案】B
48.【题干】What does Karraker say about women who
fall ill?
【选项】
are more likely to be
widowed.
are more likely to get divorced.
are less likely to receive good care.
are less likely to bother their spouses.
【答案】B
49.【题干】Why is it more difficult for men to
take care of their sick spouses according
to
Karraker?
【选项】
are more accustomed to
receiving care.
find it more important to
make money for the family.
think it more
urgent to fulfill their social obligations.
expect society to do more of the job.
【答案】A
50.【题干】What does Karraker think is also
important?
【选项】
ng marital stress on
wives.
izing old couples's relations.
ing
extra care for divorced women.
men pay for
their wives' health costs.
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【答案】C
Passage
Two
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the
following passage.
If you were like most
children, you probably got upset when your mother
called you
by a sibling's(兄弟姐妹的)name. How
could she not know you? Did it mean she loved
you less?
Probably not. According to the
first research to tackle this topic head-on,
misnaming
the most familiar people in our life
is a common cognitive(认知的)error that has
to do
with how our memories classify and store familiar
names.
The study, published online in April in
the journal Memory and Cognition, found that
the name is not random but is invariably
fished out from the same relationship
pond:
children, siblings, friends. The study did not
examine the possibility of deep
psychological
significance to the mistake, says psychologist
David Rubin,
does tell us who's in and who's
out of the group.
The study also found that
within that group, misnamings occurred where the
names
shared initial or internal sounds, like
Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical
resemblance between people was not a factor.
Nor was gender.
The researchers conducted five
separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some
of
the surveys included only college students;
others were done with a mixed-age
population.
Some asked subjects about incidents where someone
close to them—family
or friend—had called them
by another person's name. The other surveys asked
about
times when subjects had themselves
called someone close to them by the wrong name.
All the surveys found that people mixed up
names within relationship groups such
as
grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly
ever crossed these boundaries.
In general, the
study found that undergraduates were almost as
likely as old people
to make this mistake and
men as likely as women. Older people and this
mistake and
men as likely as women. Older
people and women made the mistake slightly more
often,
but that may be because grandparents
have more grandchildren to mix up than parents
have children. Also, mothers may call on their
children more often than fathers,
given
traditional gender norms. There was no evidence
that errors occurred more when
the misnamer
was frustrated, tired or angry.
51.【题干】How
might people often feel when they were misnamed?
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【选项】
ed.
y.
ed.
erent.
【答案】B
52.【题干】What did David Rubin's research find
about misnaming?
【选项】
is related to the
way our memories work.
is a possible
indicator of a faulty memory.
occurs mostly
between kids and their friends.
often causes
misunderstandings among people.
【答案】D
53.【题干】What is most likely the cause of
misnaming?
【选项】
r personality traits.
r spellings of names.
r physical
appearance.
r pronunciation of names.
【答案】D
54.【题干】What did the surveys of more
than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming?
【选项】
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more often than
not hurts relationships.
hardly occurs across
gender boundaries.
is most frequently found
in extended families.
most often occurs
within a relationship groups.
【答案】D
55.【题干】Why do mothers misname their children
more often than fathers?
【选项】
suffer more
frustrations.
become worn out more often.
communicate more with their children.
generally take on more work at home.
【答案】C[page]
Part IV Translation
【题干】灯笼
起源于东汉,最初主要用于照明。在唐代,人们用红灯笼来庆祝安定的生活,
从那时起,灯笼在中国的许
多地方流行起来。灯笼通常用色彩鲜艳的薄纸制作,形状和尺寸
各异。在中国传统文化中,红灯笼象征生
活美满和生意兴隆,通常在春节、元宵节和国庆等
节日期间悬挂。如今,世界上许多其他地方也能看到红
灯笼。
【答案】Lanterns, which originated from the
East Han Dynasty, was first used for
lighting.
In the Tang Dynasty, they were used to celebrate
the peaceful life. From
then on, lanterns have
become popular in various parts of China. A
lantern is usually
made of thin papers of
various colors, shapes and sizes. Red lanterns
symbolize happy
life and prosperous business
in traditional Chinese culture and thus are hung
up
during holidays and festivals such as the
Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival and
National Day. Today, red lanterns can be seen
in many places of the world.
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