大厦英文-风起云涌是什么意思
2013年6月英语六级阅读理解Setion B1原文答案及点评(沪江网校版)
2013年6月英语六级考试阅读理解Section B1原文答案及点评,由沪江
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Part IV Reading Comprehension
Section
B-1原文+答案+点评
Section B
Directions: There
are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is
followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of
them there are four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should
decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on
Sheet 2 with a single
line through the center.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following
passage.
''Depression'' is more than a serious
economic downturn. What
distinguishes a
depression from a harsh recession is paralyzing
fear--fear of the unknown so great that it
causes consumers,
businesses, and investors to
retreat and panic. They save up cash
and
desperately cut spending. They sell stocks and
other assets. A
shattering loss of confidence
inspires behavior that overwhelms
the normal
self-correcting mechanisms that usually prevent a
recession from becoming deep and prolonged: a
depression.
Comparing 1929 with 2007-09,
Christina Romer, the head of
President Obama's
Council of Economic Advisers, finds the initial
blow to confidence far greater now than
then. True, stock prices fell
a third from
September to December 1929, but fewer Americans
then owned stocks. Moreover, home prices
barely dropped. From
December 1928 to December
1929,total household wealth
declined only 3%.
By contrast, the loss in household wealth
between December 2007 and December 2008 was
17%. Both
stocks and homes, more widely held,
dropped more. Thus
traumatized (受到创伤),the
economy might have gone into a free
fall
ending in depression. Indeed, it did go into free
fall. Shoppers
refrained from buying cars,
appliances, and other big-ticket items.
Spending on such
2008’s third quarter, a
20% rate in the fourth. And businesses
shelved
investment projects.
That these huge declines
didn’t lead to depression mainly reflects,
as
Romer argues, counter-measures taken by the
government.
Private markets for goods,
services, labor, and securities do mostly
self-correct, but panic feeds on itself and
disarms these stabilizing
tendencies. In this
situation, only government can protect the
economy as a whole, because most individuals
and companies are
involved in the self-
defeating behavior of self-protection.
Government’s failure to perform this role in
the early 1930s
transformed recession into
depression. Scholars will debate which
interventions this time--the Federal Reserve’s
support of a failing
credit system, guarantees
of bank debt, Obama’s “stimulus” plan
and bank
Regardless, all these complex measures had the
same
psychological purpose: to reassure people
that the free fall would
stop and, thereby,
curb the fear that would perpetuate (使持久)a
free fall.
All this improved
confidence. But the consumer sentiment index
remains weak, and all the rebound has occurred
in Americans'
evaluation of future economic
conditions, not the present.
Unemployment
(9.8%) is abysmal (糟透的),the recovery's strength
unclear. Here, too, there is an echo from the
1930s. Despite
bottoming out in 1933,the
Depression didn't end until World War
II. Some
government policies aided recovery; some hindered
it.
The good news today is that the bad news
is not worse.
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答
52. Why
do consumers, businesses and investors retreat and
panic in times of depression?
A) They
suffer great losses in stocks, property and other
assets.
B) They find the self-correcting
mechanisms dysfunctioning.
C) They are
afraid the normal social order will be paralyzed.
D) They don't know what is going to happen
in the future.
53. What does Christina Romer
say about the current economic
recession?
A) Its severity is no match for the Great
Depression of 1929.
B) Its initial blow to
confidence far exceeded that of 1929.
C) It
has affected house owners more than stock holders.
D) It has resulted in a free fall of the
prices of commodities.
54. Why didn’t the
current recession turn into a depression
according to Christina Romer?
A)
The government intervened effectively.
B)
Private markets corrected themselves.
C)
People refrained from buying durables and big-
ticket items.
D) Individuals and companies
adopted self-protection measures.
55. What
is the chief purpose of all the countermeasures
taken?
A) To create job opportunities.
B) To curb the fear of a lasting free fall.
C) To stimulate domestic consumption.
D) To rebuild the credit system.
56.
What does the author think of today’s economic
situation?
A) It may worsen without further
stimulation.
B) It will see a rebound
sooner or later.
C) It has not gone from
bad to worse.
D) It does not give people
reason for pessimism.
【总评】这是一篇经济社会类文章。文章首先解释了什
么是经济萧条,以及
经济萧条与经济衰退之间的区别。第二段列举了很多数据和事例来比较
20
07-2009和1929这两个时期的经济表现。第三段指出2007-2009年
的经济衰退没有最
终导致经济萧条的主要原因是政府采取了一系列应对措施。
第四段进一步指出20世纪30年代初期,由
于政府没能扮演好经济干预这一
角色,最终导致经济衰退演变成了经济萧条。同时本段还强调:政府的干
预
措施均有一个共同的目的:使人们恢复信心,相信经济不会无止境地下滑。
最
后作者总结说,虽然当前的经济形势非常糟糕,但是好消息是没有进一步
恶化。
【参考答案】:
52. D) They don't know what is
going to happen in the future.
53. B) Its
initial blow to confidence far exceeded that of
1929.
54. A) The government intervened
effectively.
55. B) To curb the fear of a
lasting free fall.
56. C) It has not gone from
bad to worse.