高中英语语法填空常考点精讲精练汇编

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派生词部分


语法填空中有些单词变形侧重于考查构词法，主要是派生构成法。
派生法（derivati on）是英语中重要的构词法，它借助在词干上加词缀的办法来构成新的单词。一个单词的基本部分称
为 词干（stem），加在词干前面的部分称为前缀（prefix），加在词干后面的部分成为后缀（suffi x）。一般来说，前缀改变
词义，后缀改变词性。如：在repayment（偿还）一词中，pay付 钱，是词干；re-有“返还”之意，是前缀，改变词义；-ment
是后缀，改变词性为名词。 英语中派生词很多。这里我们只能把常考的派生词按词缀进行归类练习，以提高我们掌握、识记单词的能力。 把课本生
词表中的生词记牢才是备考的上策。


第 1 讲 常见前缀
1. This may sound ____ (convenient), but English people
are used to doing so.
2. Meanwhile, the editor was getting ____(patience), for the
magazine would soon go to press.

3. If they stay in a museum too long, a feeling of boredom
will build up, leading eventually to ____(patience) and
fatigue.

4. My motto also makes me become an ____ (depend)
person.

5. Faridabad is very poor and most people don’t have air
conditioners or even electric fans. Besides, electricity is
often cut off____ (expect).
6. Something ____ (believe) happened on the plane.
7. Do not carry too much money or ____ (necessity) credit
cards.
8. Although ____ (able) to publish at that time, he
circulated(使传阅) three photocopied collections of his
work.
9. The student or any other person, may come back to his
work tired and ____ (interested).
10. People were ____ (familiar) with this product at the
beginning, and made many guesses at how it was
produced.
11. Staring out of the window, my mother complained about
the ____ (responsible) and cruel person who left his dog
with us.




第 2 讲 常见名词后缀
1. To my____ (amaze), Life of France and Italy seemed
more pleasant and relaxing than that of Toronto.
2. I love Jack a lot but we are getting into a lot of ____
(argue) about our wedding plans.
3. Similar____ (arrange)also exists in some British schools.
4. 【2016全国Ⅱ】Then, handle the most important tasks
first so you’ll feel a real sense of______ (achieve).
5. 【2016全国Ⅲ】Some people think that the great Chinese
scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479
B.C., influenced the______ (develop) of chopsticks.
6. When you stand in front of the mirror, it will use the
technology to make its own ____ (judge) of your body
type.
7. In ____ (conclude), wise choices and full preparations
are reliable measures to reach our goals.
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8. I think it necessary for us to discuss this problem with
our parents before we make a final ____ (decide).
9. I think they were all better worth visiting than many
other ____ (attract).
10. 【2016全国Ⅰ】But for tourists like me, pandas are its top
______ (attract).
11. There are two new hotels here under ____ (construct).
12. He has made great ____ (contribute) to the development
of our company.
13. Since news broke, netizens have praised Tian for his
____ (devote) to teaching his students and his ability to
think out of the box.
14. Researchers argue that people have too high ____
(expect) of the power of saying sorry.
15. He has received three similar ____ (invite) so far.
16. But the hardest part lay in my oral ____ (present) from
my memory— for to read from the paper was not
allowed.
17. Knowing that, my mum and I made careful
____ (prepare) for the celebration.
18. However, the collector said it was one of his valuable
_______ (possess) and he could not let it go. possessions
19. Not only have the fables themselves lived for nearly
1500 years, but ____ (express) from them have entered
various languages.
20. I couldn’t see a sad ____ (express) on his face.
21. Some people whose ____ (intend) is to make big money
appreciate being given any chance to multiply their
income
22. Now let me give you a brief ____ (describe) of his
experience.
23. The pressure helps us learn the true meaning of ____
(compete) before we step into society.
24. The ____ (explain) was simple but very unusual.
25. That smile is what gives him the ____ (determine) to
love himself.
26. For example, when people used dogs for hunting, the
dogs would not eat what they caught without ____
(permit).


第 3 讲
1. Drawn in simple black and white, Tuzki（兔斯基）doesn’t
seem ____ (impress) at first sight.
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27. Once you reach that point in life, happiness and ____
( satisfy ) can’t be too far away.
28. ____ (honest) is the best policy.
29. More and more students would drop out of school if their
personal ____(safe) could not be guaranteed.
30. The reasons for its ____ (popular) are the music’s fast
pace and rhythmic beat.
31. I know your ____(curious) is driving you mad!
32. It gives us a strong heart and teaches us to step forward
no matter what the ____ (real) is.
33. After two earlier____ (marry)，she married Vincent Astor
in 1953 again.
34. Hello Kitty is all about ____ (happy) and friendship and
fun.
35. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to
remember not only the sick, aged, and orphaned, but also
friends, relatives and neighbors whose ____(friend) and
helpfulness we have enjoyed.
36. As she more and more studied the photo, she began to
see the sadness and ____ (lonely) in his eyes.
37. These young ____ (employ), who are enthusiastic about
cars, know that quality comes first.
38. The line has a ____ (long) of 174 km.
39. Eventually, I went home with my car full of groceries
and my heart full of ____(warm) and kindness.
40. Shawn tried to decide whether to admit the ____ (true).
41. On Tuesday, you build up ____ (strong) in your legs by
doing deep knee bends.
42. 【2014陕西】 On June 27, 2012, the Jiaolong reached a
____（deep）of 7, 062 meters in the Pacific Ocean.
43. Culture shock can happen immediately upon your ____
(arrive) in the country.
44.
If they stay in a museum too long, a feeling of ____
(bore) will build up

45. He looked so happy when he enjoyed the _____ (free) of
running on the grass.
46. When people pet animals, their blood (press) and heart
rates go down.
常见形容词后缀
2. Keeping a diary in English is an ____ (effect) way to
improve our English writing ability.

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3.
There is no ____ (effect) vaccine or treatment currently
available for Ebola.

4.
For others, working in a ____ (create) environment with
other people makes them happier.

5.
Human beings are ____ (competition) animals and we
decide to evaluate each other.

6. They give off ____ (poison) gases.
7. My classmates attended ____ (vary) events such as
running, high jump and long jump.
8. So many people are so ____ (anxiety) to “get in” on a
“ground floor opportunity”, as if the opportunity will do
all the work that’s impossible.
9. Almost all the fables he wrote are ____ (humor) and
entertaining, appealing to people of all ages.
10. Unlike his father, he had better luck in business and
showed more ____ (finance) sense.
11. London is a world ____ (culture) capital and is home to
many museums, galleries, banks, libraries, and sporting
events.
12.
【2008广东】This proverb is saying we have to let things
go in their ______ (nature) course. natural。



第 4 讲
1. Later, actors, musicians, dancers and singers from all
over the world came over to give ____ (perform).
2. Unfortunately, many people can only see a camel’s
outstanding ____ (perform), but few understand its
preparations made for it.
3. This festival is a holiday of great ____ (significant) and
the one with the longest history.
4. Besides an attractive ____ (appear), tiny houses can also
boast unique practical features.
5.
While most manage to cover the short ____ (distant), a
handful are stuck inside the railway tracks that lie
between the ocean and popular park.

6. An old woman fell over at the ____ (enter) and hit her
head on the ground.
7.
When we are feeling stressed there is a tendency to turn
to others for some____ (assist).

8. Next day I saw an ad for a sales ____(assist) in a local
bookshop and put my house on the market.
9. The ____ (present) of both suggests at least the
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13. 【2015全国Ⅱ】As ______ (nature) architects, the Pueblo
Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls
needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
14.
____ (tradition), water would be collected and poured
only on family members as a symbolic way to ensure
good luck in the coming year.

15.
They do not waste people’s time with conversations or
other activities that have no visible ____ (benefit) result.

16.
The name Big Ben ____ (origin) referred to the Great
Bell within the tower

17. I’ve realized that trying to get everything done in a ____
(limit) time means that nothing can be done properly.
18. He was born in a poor family, and only received a ____
(limit) education in his childhood.
19. He is a ____ (talent) artist.
20. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw one of my
sons was ____ (miss)
连变或成对词缀
possibility of life.
10. Some even awarded prizes to ____ (participate) who
could perform this feat in a natural and effortless way.
11. 【2014陕西】 The advertisement for engineers in the
local paper attracted many____(apply).
12. His continual ____ (present) on instant messaging
platforms like QQ and WeChat has made him a true icon
(偶像、标志) of the internet generation.
13. The expert refused to teach him because he feared that
the youth would not have the ____ (patient) to learn.
14. Deep worry began to destroy my ____ (confident).
15. . It’s ____ (evidence) that it will do great harm to society.
16. 【2014全国Ⅰ】Just be ______ (patience).
17.
Nevertheless, apologies might be an important social tool
as they reaffirm（重新确认）the ____ (exist) of rules that
need to be observed.

18. In conclusion, wise choices and full preparations are

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____ (rely) measures to reach our goals.
19. Something ____ (believe) happened on the plane.
20. Staying healthy when traveling can help to ensure your
trip is a happy and ____ (enjoy) one.
21. Wood became very expensive and hard to get, so the
Chinese had to either find a substitute for their ____
(value) wood, or learn how to use it better.
22. 【2013广东】That would be a very______ ( reason )
thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small
village like ours.
23. 【2007广东】But even more ______ (value) are the
lessons learned in extra-curricular activities in school
.

personal stories____ (cheer).
29. On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question,
which left me ____(speech) for a second.
30. With the order from the ground, the plane ____ (success)
landed at the nearest airport.
31. The researchers suggest that after a ____ (stress) day,
simply doing something as small as holding the door
open for someone else and carrying someone’s bags can
give you mood a boost.
32. Nobel had never been to school or university, but had
studied privately and became a ____ (skill) chemist and
excellent linguist.
33. To some a dog is a ____ (faith) hunter and to others he is
merely a decoration.
24.
【2015全国Ⅱ】In addition to their simple beauty, what
makes the adobe dwellings（土坯房） admirable is their
______ (able) to “air condition” a house without using
electric equipment.

25. With an online study format, the tests and notes can be
____ (access) with just a mouse click from your home
computer.
26. In conclusion, wise choices and full preparations are
____ (rely) measures to reach our goals.
27. During his career Harrison’s ____ (responsible) is to
approve large quantities of the sweet ice cream.
28. The old people there were talkative and they told us their

34.
【2014辽宁】I cannot control my body well. My legs
become______ (pain).

35.
I plan to finish my year with a ____ (joy) marriage and
plan for my own family life.

36. ____ (need) to say, he got poor marks in all subjects.
37. I felt extremely upset when the news came that the
earthquake had led to extensive and severe damage in
your county, causing loss of lives and leaving many
people ____ (home).
38. The applicant may not know that he actually has the
required ____ (qualify).


第 5 讲 其他
一些单词的其他词性形式并不是加词缀构成，而是改变了其中的 字母或字母组合，或添加或去掉一些字母。这样的单词
需要专门去记。

1. During our visit, the home was filled with ____ (laugh).
2. This ____ (lose) was very bad for the country, of course,
but it turned out to be very good for the food.
3. Actually, children learn violence ____ (behave) from
adults or from what they see on television or on the
Internet.

4. 【2009广东】But Jane knew from past experience that
her ______ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her
father.
5. In Senior One, he was an ____ (energy) boy who wanted
to become a player in the school basketball team.

6. Smiling with ____ (relieve), he set off again on the
donkey's back.
7. I have a strong____ (believe) that one day Chinese
students can buy these tickets, too.
8. The cat is not for ____ (sell).

9. She expressed her disgust at the program by writing a
letter of ____ (complain).
10. He was hardworking and ____ (energy) energetic.
11. There has been no ____ (respond) to his remarks from
the government.
12. The island offers such a wide ____ (vary) of scenery and
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wildlife.
13. In your ____ (young), adolescence may fill you with
unrealized desires and send you into deeper puzzlement.
14. The editor at once sent the journalist a telegram
informing him to find out the exact number of steps and
the ____ (high) of the wall.

答案：

第 1 讲 常见前缀
1. inconvenient。这可能听起来不方便，但是英国人习惯于这样做。
2. impatient。get后面跟形容词。impatient没有耐心的。
3. impatience。to后面跟名词。impatience没耐心，名词。
4. independent。独立的，自力更生的。
5. unexpectedly。出乎意料地，修饰动词cut off，用副词。
6. unbelievable。令人难以置信的事情发生在那个飞机上。
7. unnecessary。没有必要的。credit card信用卡。
8. unable。不能够。
9. uninterested。学生或者其他任何人可能回到工作上，疲惫不堪，毫无兴趣。
10. unfamiliar。不熟悉的。
11. irresponsible。不负责任的。cruel残暴的。
第 2 讲
1. amazement。to my amazement使我惊奇的是。
2. argument。争吵，争论。去-e加-ment。链接：arguing， truly，valuable。
3. arrangement。similar后面跟名词。
4. achievement。a sense of achievement成就感。此处achievement是不可数名词。
5. development。影响着筷子的发展。
6. judgement judgment。本词两种写法都正确。
7. conclusion。in conclusion总之。
8. decision。决定，是decide的名词。
9. attractions。景点，是可数名词。
10. attraction。虽然pandas用的复数，但是熊猫也只是一个方面。
11. construction。under construction在建设中。
12. contributions。contribution是可数名词。make a contribution to或者make contributions to。
13. devotion。忠诚。奉献。
14. expectations。expectation作“期望”讲时常用复数。
15. invitations。邀请信，请帖。
16. presentation。呈现，介绍，演示。
17. preparations。make preparations for做准备，此时preparation要用复数。
18. possessions。物品，所有物，同belongings相近。
19. expressions。短语，习语。
20. expression。表情。
21. intention。目的，意图。
22. description。描述，描写。
23. competition。竞赛，比赛。
24. explanation。explain变为名词时ai要变为a。
25. determination。决心，决定。
26. permission。允许。不要写成permition。
27. satisfaction。满意，satisfy的名词。to one’s satisfaction使某人满意的是。
常见名词后缀
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28. Honesty。作主语要用其名词形式。
29. safety。是safe的名词形式。
30. popularity。后面谓语 是are，主语是reasons，所以不能把popularity写成复数。
31. curiosity。好奇心。
32. reality。现实。
33. marriage。结婚，婚姻。
34. happiness。幸福。
35. friendship friendliness。friendship友谊，friendliness友好。
36. loneliness。孤独，寂寞。
37. employees。employee雇员，employer雇主。
38. length。a length of一段长度。
39. warmth。温暖。
40. truth。事实，真相。
41. strength。力量。
42. depth。深度。
43. arrival。onupon arrival刚一到。
44. boredom。烦闷，无聊。
45. freedom。自由。
46. pressure。blood pressure血压。
第 3 讲
1. impressive。令人印象深刻的。雄伟的，壮观的。
2. effective。有效的。
3. effective。有效的。vaccine疫苗。currently目前。
4. creative。创造性的。
5. competitive。好竞争的
6. poisonous。有毒的。
7. various。各种各样的。
8. anxious。焦虑的。
9. humorous。幽默的。
10. financial。金融的，经济的，财政的。
11. cultural。文化的。
12. natural。自然的。natural course自然过程。
13. natural。natural architects自然建筑师。
14. Traditionally。修饰句子用副词。
15. beneficial。有益的，有好处的。
16. originally。最初地，起源地。修饰动词refer用副词。
17. limited。有限的。
18. limited。有限的。
19. talented。有才华的。
20. missing。丢失的，不见的。
第 4 讲
1. performance。表演，表现。
2. performance。表演，表现。
3. significance。of great significance意为very significant非常重要的，有重要意义的。
4. appearance。外表，外貌。
5. distance。距离。distant遥远的。
连变或成对词缀
常见形容词后缀
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6. entrance。入口处。
7. assistance。帮助，不可数名词。
8. assistant。助手。
9. presence。出现，在场。present出席的，在场的。
10. participants。参与者。参加比赛的人。
11. applicants。申请人。
12. presence。出现，名词。他不断出现先即时信息平台QQ和微信上，这使他成为互联网一代的标志。
13. patience。害怕青年人没有学习的耐心。
14. confidence。信心。
15. evident。 明显的。
16. patient。有耐心的。
17. existence。存在。
18. reliable。可以信赖的。
19. unbelievable。难以置信的。
20. enjoyable。高兴的，愉快的。
21. valuable。有价值的。
22. reasonable。合理的。
23. valuable。倒装句。The lessons learned …are even more valuable.。
24. ability。前面有their，所以要用名词。
25. accessedaccessible。可以得到的，能够接近的。
26. reliable。可以信赖的。
27. responsibility。责任。
28. cheerfully。欢乐地，愉快地。
29. speechless。无言以对的。
30. successfully。修饰动词要用副词。
31. stressful。有压力的。
32. skillful。技术高超的，灵巧的。skilled经过培训掌握技术的。
33. faithful。忠诚的，忠实的。
34. painful。疼痛的。-ful有“充满”之意。helpful; careful。
35. joyful。快乐的。
36. Needless。needless to say不用说。
37. homeless。无家可归的。
38. qualification。资质，资历。
第 5 讲
1. laughter。laughter笑声；laugh笑（名词或动词）。
2. loss。损失。lost是形容词
3. behavior。行为，不可数名词。
4. choice。选择，choose的名词。
5. energetic。精力充沛的。
6. relief。宽慰，放松。
7. belief。信念，信条。
8. sale。卖。
9. complaint。抱怨，投诉。
10. energetic。精力充沛的。
11. response。回应，回答，回音。
12. variety。a wide variety of 种类繁多的。
13. youth。青年。adolescence青春期。
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其他

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14. height。高度。

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