英语中宾语从句定语从句用法及例句总结(完整)

宾语从句用法及其例句
宾语从句用法
时态：
1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。
2.主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。
一、宾语从句的连接词
从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,
if和whether引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句.
He told me (that he would) go to the college the next year
他告诉我他明年上大学.
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否还会有公交车.
Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.
没人知道他是否会通过考试.
连接代词
连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever,
whatever, whichever等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏？
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell
phone?
你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?
连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenev er,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?
你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.

没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.
二、动词的宾语从句
大多数动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are strong
er.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us that they would help us through the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.

我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?
你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:
make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn th
em in.
在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的 时候,则需要用it
做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .
我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.
I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.
我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.
我每天写日记成了习惯.
We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about t
his mater.
我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it
这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.
I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.
我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.
He will have it that our plan is really practical.

他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我们认为你会同意我们的.
When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.
开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替
We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.
我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.
三、介词的宾语从句
用wh- 类的介词宾语从句
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent u
p into space.
这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work wit
h a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
四、形容词的宾语从句
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sor ry,afraid,s
atisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别
① if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,car e,wond
er,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.

③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④ 在不定式前只能用whether.
（如：I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。）
⑤ 避免歧异时,我们常用whether而不用if.
六、哪些宾语从句不可以省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,pro ve,mean,state,feel,hold等动
词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以 上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个th
at不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
七、宾语从句的否定转移


宾语从句的反意疑问句
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imag ine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,
并且主句的 主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,
其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句 一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come
to my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?

如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形
式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?
八、宾语从句的时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know wha
t country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea whe
n he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读<<老人与海>>.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to
put down the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老师昨天说月亮绕着地球转.
当宾语从句的引导词是w ho,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能
按正常语序安 排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this y
ear?
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
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宾语从句（版本二）
学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。
1.连接词
1．从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。

2．从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在 whether … or not 结
构中不能用 if 替换。
3．从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,wh en,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、
副词作连接词。
注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他
2.判断时态情况：
1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。
2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一
般现在时。
eg:
1. The teacher told the children that the sun＿＿＿＿ round.
A. was B. is C. were D. are
2. I believe that our team＿＿＿＿ the basketball match.
A. win B. won C. will win D. wins
3. I don’t know＿＿＿＿ to visit the old man.
A. whether B. if C. that D. who
soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple( )the villagers u
sed as a school.
where which which where
答：选B，动词re ach后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，where不可，which引导
宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个 …”而此句中并非疑问含义，不知道哪一座庙宇，而是
用what从句表陈述含义，意“过去的一座旧庙 宇”；temple后为对其修饰的定语从句，
用关系代词which代替，并在从句中作动词used 的宾语，use sth. as…“把…用作…

宾语从句用作宾语。如：
Do you know where he lives?
定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。如：
The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是Joh
n.
This is the man whom he is looking for.
Do you know the girl who is in red?
语 法~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~
3.宾语从句的用法
引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外：
（1）介词宾语从句的that不省略

（2） and连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略。
He told me that he had two sons and that they both had gone to colle
ge.
（3）在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that不省略。
I heard it said that he had gone abroad
We found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time
r ,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：
（1）whether从句中有or not
（2）whether从句做介词宾语
Everything depends on whether you agree with us
3.许多带复合宾语的句子，宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it做形式宾语。结
构常是：
主语+动词+it+形容词名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句
We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone
4.宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序
False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。
Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible.

Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two ho
urs.
Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.
Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.

C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。
Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English teacher.
Good: I don’t think he likes the English teacher.
D 主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；具体细节请看第一部分。
False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.
Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.
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宾语从句（版本三）
宾语从句，在复合句中作宾语，位于及物动词后。
eg．
Tell him which class you are in ．
Do you know what he likes？

注：
(1)主、从句时态一致：
主句谓语过去时，从句相应过去时；
He answered that he was listening to me.
主句谓语现在时，从句时态任所需；
eg． He says (that) he will leave a message on my desk.
They know (that) he is working hard.
具体过去永不变，真理格言现在时；
eg．He told me that he was born in 1980.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
（2）否定前移，及完成反意问句
在think believe suppose guess imagine expect等动 词后跟宾
语从句否定式时，应转移到主句上去，完成反意问句时，应与从句主、谓保持一致。
（ 注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称）
eg． I don't think you are right ,are you ?
I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?
（3）运用虚拟语气的情况
在表示：
建议 suggest 、advise、propose;
要求demand 、desire、request；
决定 decide;
命令 order、command、require;
坚决主张 insist;
等动词后跟宾语从句，用（should）+v．（虚拟语气）
eg． I suggested that you（should）study hard．
He ordered that we should go out at once．
（4）宾语从句后置情况
如果宾语从句后有宾语补语，用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句后置
eg．You may think it strange that he would live there．
（5）宾从中that不可省略的情况
宾语从句that常可省略，但在以下情况下不能省略

A．当主句谓语动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，可以省略第一个that，其
他不能省略。
eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get b
etter．
B．当it作形式宾语时
eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him．
C．当宾语从句前置时
eg．That our team will win，I believe．
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宾语从句（版本四）
一、定义和宾从例句分析
宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。
A 作动词的宾语:
I heard the news.
主语 谓语动词 名词作宾语
I heard that he would come here later on.
主语 谓语动词 一个句子作宾语---宾语从句
B 作介词的宾语:
He said nothing about the plan.
主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词 名词作介词的宾语
He said nothing about who broke the window last night.
主语 谓语动词 代词作动词的宾语 介词 一个句子作介词的宾语
二、带有宾语从句的复合句的构成
带有宾语从句的复合句就是用连接词把一个主句和一个宾语从句连接在一起。连
接词有：that(可省 略)，what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.
1 He suggested (that) we should clean the corridor every day.
宾语
2 He told me (that) he would leave Dalian airport at 8pm.
间接宾语 直接宾语
3 He told me where he was going to travel that summer.
间接宾语 直接宾语
4 He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.
who hadn’t passed the exam.
when she would leave this building.

why she cried last night.
where she was going to study.
which student was his partner in the short play.
if (whether) Tom could play basketball with him that morning.
how she managed to solve the problem.
why water flows from a high position to a lower position.
在例子4中，当主句是过去时 态时（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过
去完成时），从句根据不同情况必须使用过去时态的一 种，（大自然的现象和真理除
外）。
5 He is wanting to know what I can cook for dinner.
who broke the window yesterday.
when I can have a holiday.
why I failed the exam yesterday.
where I should have dinner with my friend tonight.
which book is the best one.
if (whether) I have passed the exam.
how my cat escaped from the room last night.
在例子5中 ，当主语是现在时态时（一般现在时，现在进行时，一般将来时，现
在完成时），从句可根据不同情况使 用各种时态。
三、注意
A 宾语从句必须用陈述语序。
False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。
Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossi
ble.
Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two ho
urs.
Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.
Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.

C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。
Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English teacher.
Good: I don’t think he likes the English teacher.
D 主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态；具体细节请看第一部分。
False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.
Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.

宾语从句的点点滴滴 宾语从句是英 语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它
是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句 。宾语从句做介词或及
物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：
一，引导词
A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope,
see, believe, agree, expect, hear , fe el等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在
从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省 略，但在大多数情况下还是
以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。
例：I told him that he was wrong.
l在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是
否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。
例：I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)
l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而
用it做形式宾语。
例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人
撒谎是错误的)
B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不
做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
例：I don’t know ifwhether he will come tomorrow.
The teacher asked ifwhether we had finished the experiment.
l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导
例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。
l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.
例：I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.
l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.
例：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.
C,由wh- 引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副
词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，
又在句中充当句子的成分。
例：Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语)
I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)
二，宾语从句的语序，
宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，即连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分
例：I believe that they will come soon.
He asked me whether I was a teacher.
They wanted to know what they can do for us.
二，宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，

既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。
主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的 时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之
前，则从句要用过去完成时态。
例:
1)She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she has finished her homework already.
She said that she had finished her homework already.
4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in English.
l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现
在时态。
例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
He told me that Japan is an island country.
lCould you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。
例：Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?
注意事项：
u由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。
例：She said: “I have been to England before.”
She said that she had been to England before.
She asked me: “Do you like maths?”
She asked me if I liked maths.
u宾语从句与简单句的交换。
由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同
一个人时， 可以用“疑问词+不定式
”做宾语的简单句结构。
例：I don’t know what I should do next.
I con’t know what to do next.
He didn’t know where he would live.
He didn’t know where to live.
DO SOME EXERCISES:
you see________?
A. what he’s reading B. what is he reading
C. what does he read D. he reads what
Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)
Do you know_____Jack _____from Japan?

3._What did your son say in the letter?
_He told me that he___ the Disney would the next day
visit B. has visited
C. is going to visit D. would visit
didn’t know__________
’s the matter the matter is
C. what was the matter D. what the matter was
dy called you just now,but I didn’t know____
were they B. who they were
C. who was it D. who it was
6.I want to know_____
is his name B. what’s his name
C. that his name is D. what his name is
7.---Could you tell me ___she is looking for?
---Her cousin,susan.
C .who
8.---What are you searching the Internet for?
---I’m trying to find out____.
is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLU
many persons have died in Iraq
to protect our environment
is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea
9. Do you know___________?(谁正在唱歌)
10. Do you know___________?(她正在和谁谈话)
11. Do you know___________?(昨天发生了什么事)
The keys: 1 A.2 if ,comes.3D. 4 C. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B
9 who is singing
10 who she is talking with
11 what happened yesterday
定语从句
定语从 句是用来修饰、描述或提供有关名词、代词或整个主句信息的从句。
它在整个句子中起形容词的作用。被 修饰的名词，语法上称作先行词。从句由关
系代词或关系副词引导。关系代词和关系副词不仅起引导定语 从句、连接先行词
的作用，同时还充当定语从句中的一个成分，如：主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、定语或状语等。定语从句由下列关系代词和关系副词引导：
(1) who, whom, that

(2) which, that
(3) whose
(4) when
(5) Where
(6) why

1. 修饰、指代人物
关系代词who， that 引导的从句修饰、指代人物，在从句中作主语。
(1) 关系代词作主语
(1) I thank the woman.
She helped me.
a. I thank the woman who helped me.
b. I thank the woman that helped me.

(2) 关系代词作宾语
关系代词whom, who, that 在从句中作动词宾语时，修饰、指代人物。Whom
是宾格形式， 常用于较正式的英语中。who和that 常用于口语和非正式的英语
中。在口语和非正式英语中更多的情况下，作动词宾语的关系代词常被省略。
（2）The man told me to come back.
I saw him in the office.

a. The man whom I saw in the office told me to come back.
b. The man who I saw in the office told me to come back.
c. The man that I saw in the office told me to come back.

d. The man I saw in the office told me to come back.
我在办公室见到的那为男士叫我回去。

注意：1. 引导从句的关系代词一定要放在从句的最前面，例如： 从句whom I saw
in the office，虽
然关系代词whom 在句子中作动词的宾语，也应放在从句的最前面。
2. 从句应尽可能地紧跟在所修饰的名词后面。从句whom I saw in the
office是用来修饰the man,
所以应放在the man 后面。
(3) 关系代词作介词宾语
当关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，正式英语中，往往将介词提到关系代
词前面。
（3） The woman spoke French.
I traveled with her.




a. The woman with whom I travelled spoke French.
和我一起旅行的那位女士讲法语。
注意：在这类句子中修饰、指代人物时，只能用whom 。关系代词不可以用who 或
that。 也不可以省略
关系代词。
在口语和非正式英语中，介词往往放在原来的位置，即：在谓语动词之后。
在这种情况下，关系代
词可以是who whomthat， 也可以省略。

b. The woman whom I travelled with spoke English.
c. The woman who I travelled with spoke English.
d. The woman that I travelled with spoke English.
e. The woman I travelled with spoke English.
2. 修饰、指代事物
关系代词that, which引导的从句用来修饰、指代事物，它们在从句中可以作句
子的主语也可以作宾
语。
(1) 关系代词作主语
例句: Did you hear about the earthquake?
It happened in San Francisco last week.

a. Did you hear about the earthquake that happened in San Francisco last
week?
b. Did you hear about the earthquake which happened in San Francisco last
week?
你听说上星期在旧金山发生的地震了吗？

关系代词that which引导的定语从句修饰名词earthquake。在从句that
which happened in San
Francisco last week 中作句子的主语。“”
注意：当关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略。a. b. 两例句意思一样. Which 要
比that正式一些。
(2) 关系代词作宾语
例句: The movie wasn’t very good.
We saw it last night.

a. The movie that we saw last night wasn’t very good.
b. The movie which we saw last night wasn’t very good.
c. The movie we saw last night wasn’t very good.
我们昨晚看的那部电影不怎么样。
关系代词that which 引导的从句修饰名词The movie。在从句that we saw last
night中，that which 作动词saw的宾语。关系代词作动词宾语的时候可以省
略。

(3) 关系代词作介词宾语
在从句中，如果关系代词是作介词的宾语，正式英语中需要前置，即，将介词置< br>于关系代词之前。
例句: He is standing on a chair.
Is it firm enough?

a. Is the chair on which he is standing firm enough?
他站的那把椅子结实吗？
on which he is standing 是which引导的从句，修饰the chair。Which
在从句中作介词on的宾语。在英语口 语和非正式的英语中，介词可以放在动词
的后面。关系代词可以用which, that, 也可以省略。
b. Is the chair which he is standing on firm enough?
c. Is the chair that he is standing on firm enough?
d. Is the chair he is standing on firm enough?
在例句b. c. d. ，从句that he is standing on中的介词后置，关系代
词作介词on的宾语，可以用thatwhich, 也可以省略。

(4) 应该使用that的情况
有些情况下，that不能与which交换使用。
a. 当从句修饰不定代词，如all, everything, something, little, much,
none，the only, those 等时，必须用that 来引导从句。在从句中that作动
词的直接宾语时，可以省略。
例: Listen, there is something (that) I must tell you.
听着，有些事情我必须告诉你。
b. 如果先行词被上述不定代词所修饰时，引导从句的关系代词也应用
that.
例: All the apples (that) we picked were sent to the factory.
所有的我们摘的苹果都送到工厂去了。
c. 如果先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰，从句应用that 引导。
例: This is the best novel (that) I know.
这是我所知道的最好的一部小说。
d. 如果先行词被序数词所修饰，从句应用that 引导。
例: The first English film that interested me was Gone with the
Wind.
第一部使我感兴趣的英文电影是“飘”。

3. 表示所有格关系
whose 用来表示所属关系，它的意思相当于：his, her, its, their等等。
Whose 可以用来修饰人，也可以修饰物。whose和它所修饰的名词都置于句首。
(1) 修饰人物
（1） The man called the police.
His wallet was stolen.

ａ． The man whose wallet was stolen called the police.
钱包被窃的那个男人给警察打了电话。
Whose引导的从句whose wallet was stolen，修饰the man. Whose 在从
句中起定语作用，修饰wallet， 意思是his。
(2) 修饰事物
(2) I’m working in the house.
Its walls are made of glass. ( The walls of the house are made
of glass.)

a. I’m working in the house whose walls are made of glass.
我在那座四面墙都是玻璃的房子里工作。

whose walls = the walls of the house
whose = of which

4. 修饰表示时间的名词
When 引导的从句往往是用来修饰一个表示时间的名词，如：time,
year, month, day, century 等等。When 在从句中起时间状语的作用。
（1）I’ll never forget the day.
I met you then (on that day).

a. I’ll never forget the day when I met you.
b. I’ll never forget the day on which I met you.
我永远也忘不了见到你的那一天。

例句a. 中when引导的从句修饰the day. When在从句中起时间
状语的作用，意思是on the day. 因此，when可以用on which替代。
（2）1949 is the year.
The new China was founded then (in that year).

a. 1949 is the year when the new China was founded.
b. 1949 is the year in which the new China was founded.

When引导的从句修饰表示时间的名词the year. 1949年是新
中国成立的那一年。When在从句中作时间状语，意思是in that year. 在此句
中，when 可以用in which 来替换。看例句b. 在句中，which 指代的是the year.

(3) 7:50 is the time.
My plane arrives then (at that time).

a. 7:50 is the time when my plane arrives.
b. 7:50 is the time at which my plane arrives.
7:50 是我乘坐的飞机到达的时间。

When引导的从句修饰名词the time, when在从句中作时间状语。意思是at that
time.在这句话中，
when可以用at which替代。

5. 修饰表示地点的名词
Where引导的从句用来修饰表示地点的名词，例如：city, country, room,
house等等。Where 在从句中起地点状语的作用。

(1) The building is very old.
He lives there (in that building).

a. The building where he lives is very old.
b. The building in which he lives is very old.
c. The building which he lives in is very old.
d. The building that he lives in is very old.
e. The building he lives in is very old.
他住的那座楼很旧。

a. Where引导的从句修饰名词building. Where在从句中作地点
状语，意思是in that building.
b. 介词前置。
c. d. e. 介词在原来的位置上。 如果用where引导从句修饰名词，
从句中就不必使用介词。否则就必须
使用介词。
（2）That is the park.
We are going to have a picnic there (at that park).

a. That is the park where we are going to have a picnic.
b. That is the park at which we are going to have a picnic.
c. That is the park which we are going to have a picnic at.
d. That is the park that we are going to have a picnic at.
e. That is the park we are going to have a picnic at.

那就是我们将去吃野餐的公园。（我们将在那个公园吃野餐）。
Where 的意思是at the park, 可以用at which替换。

6. 非限定性从句
限定性定语从句起限制、确定先行词的作用，用来说明先行词的特征与属性。如果省略，就会影响句子的意思。
非限定性定语从句则是起补充信息的作用，如果省略，并 不会影响句子的意
思。非限定性定语从句与主句用逗号分开。非限定性定语从句常用于书面语。
(1) A. My friend who had been driving all day suggested stopping at
the next town.
我那位开了一整天车的朋友建议到下一个镇子停下。
这是一句限定性定语从句。这句话的含义是说还有其他不开
车的朋友
B. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested stopping at the next
town.
彼特开了一整天车，他建议到下一个镇子停下。
这是一句非限定性定语从句的句子，它只起补充信息的作用。
如果，将从句who had been driving all day略掉，也不会影响句子的原意。

（2）The books , which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all
the information you need.
这些书将为你提供所需要的所有信息，你可以在任何一家书店买到。
（3）Ann, whose children are at school all day, is trying to get a job.
安的孩子们整天都在学校，（所以）她试图找一份工作做。
注意: 在非限定性定语从句中，只有wh-的代词可以使用。无论指人或指物都不
能使用that。