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研究生英语学习方法

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2020-10-29 18:03
tags:考研英语学习方法

升华硫-阳光明媚的近义词

2020年10月29日发(作者:梁维燕)





研究生英语学习方法
一.教材及参考书
1. 精读教材(必备):《研究生英语高级教程》,张敬源、
曹红晖主编,中国人民大学出版社,2010年 6月第一版.
2.听力教材:《朗文英语听说教程(一)》(第二版,学生
用书),Helen Sol
?
rzano & Laurie Frazier著, 南开大学
出版社,2003.
3. 历年真题(必备,至少三套):《硕士研究生统考04-10)》
4.《硕士、博士研究生英语词汇》,曹元寿等,北京理工大
学出版社,2002.
5.词典(必备,二选一):《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(第6
版),商务印书馆,2004.《朗文当 代英语词典》(第4
版),商务印书馆,2004.
6.《英汉大词典》(第2版),陆谷孙主编,上海译文出版社,
2007.

二.课程评估方法
总评成绩
=北京统考(80%)+平时成绩(10%)+口试成绩(10%)

三.研究生英语学习的四大任务
I. Enlarging your vocabulary 扩大词汇量
Why?
A) David Crystal: “Vocabulary is the Everest of a
language.”
The English language has a huge vocabulary (about
1 million words). That’s one of the reasons why it is
difficult to master.
B) Wilkins: “Without grammar very little can be
conveyed; without vocabulary nothing can be
conveyed.”
e.g. Wuchang fish; plagiarism…
C) J. R. Firth: “Each word when used in a new context
is a new word.”
e.g. Please tender exact fare!
Over the past ten years, the graduate
education has fared well in China.

How?
A) New words (neologisms): netizen; download;
laptop; desktop; copy; cyberlove; photocopy;
Olympiad; Judo; hockey; MIP; MVP; 110-meter




huddle race; mobile phonecell phone; smart bomb;
G-man; fallout; spacewalk; boycott; green
revolution;
B) Core words (polysemy):
1) Failure is the mother of success.
2) failure of crops
3) He died of heart failure.
4) A wise man is superior to flattery.
5) James is superior to bribery.
6) John Adams succeeded Washington as President
of the USA.
7) He soon succeeded Joffre as Command-in-chief.
8) Only ten of the crew survived the shipwreck.
9) She survived her own daughter by ten years.
10) I never go past my old school but I think of my
English teacher. (conj.)
11) To learn English well is nothing but a piece of
cake. (prep.)
12) “If I can but see one of my daughters happily
settled at Netherfield, I shall have nothing to
wish for.” (adv. Pride and Prejudice)
13) There are few of us but admire your
determination. (relative pron. , but = who do
not)
14) But me no buts! (v.; n.)
C) Synonyms and morphologically-similar words:
1) emptyvacant; cheapinexpensive; uglyhomely;
lonelysolitary; happinessbliss;
2) banquetbouquet; distinctextinct; collarcellar;
confidentconfidential;
D) Idioms and phrasal verbs:
1) brain trust; flesh and blood; fall flat; call it a day;
make ends meet; make it; through thick and thin;
All is not gold that glitters; How do you do?
2) look into; turn down; put down; give out;

II. Enriching your ways of expression 丰富表达法
1) so…that…→ so much so that…
He is very ignorant so much so that he can’t read his
own name.

2) both…and…→ at once…and…
She is at once clever and modest.




The story is at once amusing and instructive.

3) …and…→ …as well as…
The advantages by the proposal are obvious and
many, as well as of the highest importance.
He gave me money as well as advice.
Revolution in the Marxist sense means a moral as well
as a material change.

4) Conjunctions:
[Addition]: also; and; too; besides; further; furthermore;
in addition; moreover;
[Contrast]: but; however; although; while; yet; on the
other hand; conversely; in contrast;
nevertheless; nonetheless; on the contrary;
otherwise; still; unlike;
[Reason]: because; for; as; since; for that (simple)
reason;
[Result]: so; then; therefore; as a result; thus;
accordingly; consequently; hence; so far;
thus far;
[Conclusion]: in conclusion; to conclude; to sum up; in
short; in brief; in other words;

5) Diction: (Using the right word)
I am very tired after the match. → I am exhausted after
the match.
Deng Yaping is a very good athlete. → …is an
excellent athlete.
very → extremely; exceedingly; terribly; awfully; pretty

“Brevity is the soul of wit.” (William Shakespeare)

This is the book which I like best. → This is my favorite
book.
I have a bag which is black. → I have a black bag.

He needs to learn to control his temper. → curb
We must take positive measures to control inflation. →
curb

As to the journey, we must decide about that later.
Scientists differ as to whether the giant panda belongs




to the bear or panda family.

III. Broadening your outlook 开拓文化视野
“If you are learning a language, you are really learning
everything.” (L. G. Alexander)

大量阅读对英 语学习至关重要,没有大量阅读很难学好
英语。现今学生的一个通病是阅读量太小,拘泥于短文
章上的“精耕细作”,产生不了语感,因而口笔语都缺少
外国味。多读文学作品和外国报刊不失为一剂良 药。(黄
源深)
语言之有魅力,风格之值得研究,主要是因为后面有一
个大的精神世 界;但这两者又必须艺术地融合在一起,
因此语言表达力同思想洞察力又是互相促进的。(王佐
良)

Some jokes: 1) “grey America”; 2) “Jack of all trades”;
3) Milky Way; 4) hot dog; 5) dog collar; 6) white
elephant; 7) my son;

IV. Improving your overall English level 全面提供英语
水平
1) Comprehension & E-C translation
His parents are dead against his plan.
Like father, like son.
Easy come, easy go.
God bless you. Long live France!
Shakespeare cannot be exaggerated.
It is a wise father that knows his own son.
It is a straight lane that has no turning.
I cannot eat too much.
We cannot thank him too much.

You can never be too careful in proofreading.
Stop to aid the Japs!

2) C-E translation
没有盼头的日子是苍白不可想象的。a day without
hope
本公司生产的是环保型产品。eco-friendly
资源缺乏是该国经济发展的主要障碍。constitute
如果说构想,这就是我们的构想。Well, these are our
plans.






3) Writing
“Good good study, day day up.” (Work hard and make
progress everyday.)
There are plenty of teaching buildings in our
university. (lecture buildings)
There are lots of high buildings in USTB. (tall)
English is a useful tool when we make business with
foreigners. (conduct)
Hence, all of the difficulties that we face now will be
conquered in the future and …. (overcome)

As So far as I am concerned, ….
Last but not the least, ….
In the first place, …. In the second place, …. In the
last place, ….
Since As every coin has two sides, ….



四.几点忠告
1. 词汇学习是关键,表达法是重点,“学习英语就是要学习
英语特有的表达法”(危东亚)。
2. 听、读、译的训练必须要有足够的量,其中读是核心,
有了阅读量才会产生语感。
3. 各种练习必须亲自做,学习外语“懂得了”不等于“掌握了”
(吴冰)。

二、在任何事情上都不要觉得自己受了多大的委屈,哭哭啼啼和别别扭扭改变不了糟糕的
现 状。心子开一点,认真地该干啥干啥,反倒走得顺畅许多。扛得住多少东西,最后就会得到多少东西,大致就是这 么个理儿吧。
三、生命本没有意义,你要能给他什么意义,他就有什么意义。与其终日冥想人生有 何意义,不如试用此生做点有意义的事。
四、爱怕沉默。太多的人,以为爱到深处是无言。其实,爱是很难描述的一种情感,需要详尽的表达和传递。
五、有些路,只能一个人走。
六、有一种落差是,你配不上自己的野心,也辜负了所受的苦难。
七、有些决定,只需要一分钟,可是,却会用一辈子,去后悔那一分钟。
八、“忽然想通了”,这 五个字说来简单,要做到可真不容易。我佛如来在菩堤树下得道,就因为他“忽然想通了”.达摩祖师面壁十八年 ,才总算“忽然想通了”.无论
什么事,你只要能“忽然想通了”,你就不会有烦恼,但达到这地步之前 ,你一定已不知道有过多少烦恼。




九、如果他总为别人撑伞,你何苦非为他等在雨中。
十、我对前任的感觉很简单,哪怕他的女朋友 来我面前秀恩爱,我也不会觉得烦。就像在看别人吃一碗很香的卤肉饭,吧唧嘴巴弄得很大声,但我自己心里是< br>明白的:我吃过那种饭,其实没那么好吃。
十一、为什么我们总是不懂得珍惜眼前人?在未 可预知的重逢里,我们以为总会重逢,总会有缘再会,总以为有机会说一声对不起,却从没想过每一次挥手道别,都可能是诀别,每一声叹息,都可能是人间最后的一声叹息。
十二、我在最好的时候碰到 你,是我的运气。可惜我没时间了。想想,说人生无悔,都是赌气的话。人生若无悔,那该多无趣啊。我心里有过 你。可我也只能
到喜欢为止了。
十三、我说不出来为什么爱你,但我知道,你就是我不爱别人的理由。
十四、当你在转圈的时候,这个世界很大,当你勇往直前,这个世界就很小。
十五、现在男女之间的恋 爱,总是答应太快,结果分手也快。人性的规律是容易得到的就容易放弃。凡是通过努力得到的,不管是感情还是 物品,都
会使人顿生珍惜之感。所以在感情上,当














有人追求时,内心的一份矜持是必要的,即使心里很爱,也需要给追求者时间和难 度,这样两人走到一起才会珍惜感情、地久天长。
十六、我从来不会在分手很久后才会哭,因为不值。
十七、高兴呢,就允许自己高兴一天;难过呢,也允许自己难过一天。关键是这一天过去了,你得继续往前走。
十八、对于世界而言,你是一个人;但是对于某个人,你是TA的整个世界。
十九、我们渐渐的放开了对方的手
二十、为爱投入不应该被苛责,只是忘记自己却是爱情里的最大 弊病,也许,爱情里最好的状态不是牺牲与忍让,而是站在可以看到彼此的位置里,在对方的
眼里可以看 到最真实的自己。
二十一、人生一世,总有个追求,有个盼望,有个让自己珍视,让自己向往,让 自己护卫,愿意为之活一遭,乃至愿意为之献身的东西,这就是价值了。
二十二、“做自己”很难,但更难的是遇到能接受你“做自己”的人。
二十三、只有在你最落魄时,才会知道谁是为你担心的笨蛋,谁是形同陌路的混蛋。
二十四、老天在送你一个大礼物时,都会用重重困难做包装。
二十五、很奇妙的一种感觉是,曾经 的陌生人,突然之间成为了你的整个世界。我们不可能再有一个童年;不可能再有一个初中;不可能再有一个初恋 ;不可
能再有从前的快乐、幸福、悲伤、痛苦。昨天,前一秒,通通都不可能再回去。——生命原来是一 场无法回放的绝版电影!
二十六、有时阳光很好,有时阳光很暗,这就是生活。
二十七、再多的“我爱你”也抵不过一句“分手吧”
二十八、失望,有时候也是一种幸福。因为有 所期待,所以才会失望。因为有爱,才会有期待。所以纵使失望也是一种幸福,虽然这种幸福有点痛。
二十九、当生活给你设置重重关卡的时候,再撑一下,每次地咬牙闯关过后,你会发现想要的都在手中,想丢的都 留在了身后。
三十、人生没有真正的绝望。树,在秋天放下了落叶,心很疼。可是,整个冬天,它 让心在平静中积蓄力量。春天一到,芳华依然。只要生命还握在手心,人
生就没有绝望。人有悲欢离合, 月有阴晴圆缺。一时的成败得失对于一生来说,不过来了一场小感冒。心若累了,让它休息,灵魂的修复是人生永 不干枯的希望。

























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