江苏金湖县2017高考英语九月阅读理解提升选练(二)含答案

江苏金湖县2017高考英语九月阅读理解提升选练（二）含答案

阅读理解。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one of
our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (风车)
began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the
1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wind power.
For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground
when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce
electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. However, by the 1940s when electricity was
available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.
During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are
burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then,
wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more
of our electricity through the use of wind.
风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用风车所利 用，当人们发明了电以后，风能被用来发电，但随着电的
广泛使用，风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二 十世纪七十年代后，人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。
1．From the text we know that windmills ________.
A. were invented by European armies
B. have a history of more than 2,800 years
C. used to supply power to radio in remote areas
D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered
答案：C。细节理解题。由第 一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除A项；公元前七
世纪到现在应是不足2800 年，故排除B项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除D项，同时也能知道C
项是正确的。
2．What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?
A. Sailing a boat.
C. Grinding wheat into flour.
B. Producing electricity.
D. Pumping water from underground.
答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期 人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地
区的人们开始用风车发电”。
3．One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that ________.
A. wind power is cleaner
B. it is one of the oldest power sources
C. it was cheaper to create energy from wind
D. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs
答案：A。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。
4．What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?

A. The advantages of wind power.
B. The design of wind power plants.
C. The worldwide movement to save energy.
D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.
答案：D。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要 通过风能的利用来提供越来
越多的电力”，表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。


2016高考英语----阅读理解训练。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
Who won China’s first gold medal at the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics? It was Li Jianrou. The 27-year- old
finished first in the women’s 500m short track speed skating on Feb 13. The race was full of drama. Three athletes
fell over because of an accident caused by Elise Christie of Britain in the second turn and Li became the surprise
winner.
Three-time defending champion Wang Meng of China missed the Olympics after breaking her ankle last
month. Li had little experience in the race, where getting off to a quick Start is important. But she kept her cool
while everyone else was falling around her.
“I feel very lucky,” Li said through a translator.
She and one of her coaches cried tears of joy after China joined South Korea as the only countries to win the
same short track event four Olympics in a row. The Koreans won the 3,000 relay in 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2006.
“I cried because I was so excited,” Li said. “My coach told me this medal is for Wang Meng as well, so I felt
very moved.”
Li’s victory made up for the surprising fall of teammate Fan Kexin in the semifinals. In the semis, Fan didn’t even
complete the first lap of the race, catching her left blade（冰刀）as she skated near the front. She crashed on all
fours into the crew of workers who maintain the ice between races. They climbed onto the top of the pads to avoid
being injured by Fan’s long, sharp blades.
Arianna Fontana of Italy took the silver and Park Seung-hi of South Korea earned the bronze.
30. Who made a mistake causing three athletes to fall over in the final?
A. Li Jianrou B. Elise Christie C. Arianna Fontana D. Fan Kexin
31. Which country won the women’s 500m short track event 4 Olympics in a row as well as China?
A. Italy B. Japan C. Britain D. South Korea

32. Which statement below is tree according to the passage?
A. Li Jianrou won China’s first gold medal at Winter Olympics.
B. Wang Meng missed the Olympics because of an injury.
C. Fan Kexin was injured by long, sharp blades.
D. South Korea ranked second in the event.
参考答案30—32、BDB


高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项----B
A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s
not really true. Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from
someone else’s or ourselves --- the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.
We all talk to ourselves sometimes. We’re usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. In fact, we really
shouldn’t be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit.
This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware,
though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. So in order to stay positive, we should only speak
words of encouragement to ourselves. We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back. The next time
you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying “Good job!”
Often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware
that our words cause certain responses in others. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use
warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner. Or harsh
（刻薄的）and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive.
Words possess power because of their lasting effect. Many of us regret something we once said. And we remember
unkind words said to us! Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it loving? Is it needed? If what we
want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid.
Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak
positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem（自尊）and motivate others to do their best. Negative words
destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours.

1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.

A. words have a lasting effect on us B. not sticks and stones but words will hurt us
C. inspiring words give us confidence D. negative words may let us down
答案解析：答案为A。本题考查段落大意。段落大意一般通过段落的topic sentence来体现，第一段的最后
一句话 “…the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.” 即为该段的 topic sentence, 故A选项正确.。

2. There is no sense for us to feel embarrassed when we talk to ourselves because _______.
A. it does no harm to have “self-talk” when we are alone
B. almost everybody has the habit of talking to themselves
C. we can benefit from talking to ourselves
D. talking to ourselves always gives us courage
答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第三段 “This “self- talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things,
solve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative.
So in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves.”可知，虽然77%的自言
自语是消极的， 但是自言自语可以激发我们，帮助我们记住事情、解决问题和使我们保持镇定。为了保持
积极，我们对自 己应该只讲鼓励的话语。由此可推断，自言自语让我们收益。故C选项正确，A选项错误。
B选项只是一 种现象，不是原因，D选项显得绝对，故均不选。

3．The underlined part in the third paragraph means that we should also occasionally _______.
A. give ourselves amusement B. praise ourselves
C. remind ourselves D. make ourselves relaxed
答案解析：答案为B。本题为句意推断题。结合划线部分的下文 “The next time you finish a project, do well in
a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying ‘Good job!’” 可知，当我们完成了任务，考试考得好，或者
打扫完房间后，要对自己说“干得好！”， 故可推断划线部分应该意为表扬我们自己。

4．The author would probably hold the view that _________.
A. it is better to think twice before talking to others
B. encouraging words are sure to lead to kind offers
C. negative words may stimulate us to make more progress
D. people tend to remember friendly words
答案解析：答案为A。由倒数第二段 “Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it loving? Is it needed?
If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid.” 可知，作者认为在我们讲话前要想一想

所讲的话受人喜欢吗？受人需 要吗？如果不是这样，就最好不要讲。再结合最后一段，话语有着积极和消
极的力量，因此我们讲话一定 要小心。故答案为A，最好三思而后言。


[时闻型阅读理解]---- (二)
Scientists have not found any signs of life on Mars yet, but they say a robotic vehicle called “Curiosity” is helping
them learn a lot about the planet's history and climate.
Curiosity landed on Mars in August 2012 after travelling through space for more than eight months. It was sent to
Mars by scientists from NASA in the United States.
Curiosity is about the size of a car and has six wheels. It also has a robotic arm, cameras, and instruments that
allow it to examine things it finds on the surface. Then it sends the information back to the earth.
The Curiosity's main task is to find out if anything could live on Mars, either now or in the past. On Nov. 2, NASA
scientists held a press conference (新闻发布会) to discuss what Curiosity had found in its first two months on
Mars.
Curiosity has found soil that is similar to the sand formed by volcanoes (火山) on the earth. Scientists say that
studying the minerals in Martian soil will help them understand what conditions were like on the planet in the past.
Curiosity also found smooth stones like the ones found on river beds and seashores on the earth, where their rough
edges have been worn down by water. Mars is very cold and dry now, but scientists say the smooth stones tell them
that a river used to run through the place where they were found.
Curiosity has been testing the atmosphere around Mars for a type of gas called methane (甲烷), but so far it has not
found any. On the earth, most methane is produced by plants or animals. Methane on Mars might indicate that
some types of tiny plants or animals—lived there.
Curiosity is the fourth robotic vehicle to be sent to Mars. It will continue to explore the planet for about two years.
1. Which of the following descriptions about Curiosity is TRUE?
A. It landed on Mars in January 2012.
B. It is small in size and has four arms.
C. It took over eight months to arrive in Mars.
D. It was sent to Mars by scientists from Russia.
2. According to the information sent back by Curiosity, scientists believe that ________ .
A. there's no air on Mars

B. Mars is warm and wet now
C. the soil on Mars is rich
D. there used to be water on Mars
3. The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refers to “________”．
A. smooth stones B. rivers
C. robotic vehicles D. volcanoes
4. We know from the sixth paragraph that ________ .
A. some tiny animals once lived on Mars
B. there are no plants or animals on Mars now
C. the atmosphere around Mars is full of methane
D. Curiosity is designed to test the atmosphere around the earth

5. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Humans benefit a lot by going to Mars.
B. Scientists will stop the research on Mars soon.
C. It is possible to build an earthlike environment on Mars.
D. A robotic vehicle helps scientists get useful information from Mars.
(二)
【要点综述】 本文是一篇新闻，报道了“好奇号”机器人探索火星的最新情况。
1．C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“…after travelling through space for more than eight months.”可知答案。
2．D 细节理解题。根据第五段的“Curiosity also found smooth stones like the ones found on river beds and
seashores on the earth, where their rough edges have been worn down by water.”可直接得出答案。
3．A 词义推测题。根据第五段可知，这些光滑的石头原先粗糙的边角被磨平，就是因为水流冲击。 石头
不会被冲走，只能边角被磨平，所以在原地的是“光滑的石头”。
4．B 推理判断题 。根据第六段可知：如果有甲烷，就表示有植物或动物存在的可能；但是“好奇号”到
现在为止都没有在 火星上找到甲烷。可见火星上至少现在是没有植物或动物的。
5．D 主旨大意题。根据全文的第一段可知答案。


阅读理解。
A nation mourns the loss of its former leader, Nelson Mandela, who has died after a long illness. Mandela was born

on July 18,1918. When Mandela was nine, he was sent to live with his father's friend, a wealthy clan chief.
In school, Mandela learned about his ancestors' struggles with discrimination. He later traveled to Johannesburg,
where he studied law and opened the country's first black law practice. He also joined the African National
Congress, a group that fought for racial equality.
In 1948, the government introduced apartheid, which left the country's nonwhite majority with few economic
opportunities. In response, Mandela traveled throughout South Africa and encouraged people to take part in
nonviolent demonstrations against the government's racial segregation policies. He was arrested for organizing
antigovernment activities and eventually sentenced to life in prison. “I have cherished the ideal of a free society
in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities，” he said. “If needs be, it is an ideal for
which I am prepared to die.” Mandela's imprisonment led to protests around the world and limits on trade against
his country.
On February 11, 1990, South African president F．W. de Klerk released Mandela from prison, and the two worked
together to end apartheid. Three years later, they won the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts.
In 1994, nonwhites were first allowed to vote in elections. Mandela was elected president by an overwhelming
majority. Mandela stepped down as president in 1999. That same year, he created the Nelson Mandela's Children
Fund, a charity that helps poor South African children. “Children are the wealth of our country，” he said.
Over the years, Mandela continued working to promote peace around the world. In 2007, he helped found The
Elders, an organization of world leaders committed to ending conflicts and promoting human rights. “When you
want to get a herd to move in a certain direction，” he said, “you stand at the back with a stick. Then a few of the
more energetic cattle move to the front and the rest of the cattle follow. You are really guiding them from behind.
That is how a leader should do his work.”
1、When Mandela was young, he ________.
A. struggled for the equal rights of nonwhites
B. was trained to become a clan chief
C. became the country's first lawyer
D. was brought up in Johannesburg
2、To fright against apartheid, Mandela called on people ________.
A. not to do business with the whites
B. to achieve equality in a peaceful way
C. to prepare to die for a free society
D. to join in antigovernment bravely
3、According to the text, Mandela ________.
A. asked children to create wealth for Africa
B. was forced to leave office in 1998
C. attached great importance to children
D. founded a charity with his Nobel Prize
4、What Mandela said in the last paragraph suggests that ________.
A. a leader should act as the energetic cattle in a herd

B. a leader should promote human rights by force
C. a leader should take the lead in ending conflicts
D. a leader should guide others in promoting peace
5、What is the main idea of the passage?
A. South Africa's first black president dies at 95.
B. Nelson Mandela works for peace all his life.
C. The first black president is a hero for the world.
D. Mandela won the first Nobel Peace Prize.
[文章大意]
本文主要介绍了纳尔逊·曼德拉的一生的事迹，以及他为南非黑人争取民权和 自由，结束种族隔离制度而做
出的贡献等。
1、 A。细节理解题。结合第二段的He also joined the African National Congress, a group that fought for racial
equality.可知，当他还年轻的时候，就投身于争取种族平等的斗争中了。
2、B。细节判断题。根据第三段的Mandela traveled throughout South Africa and encouraged people to take part
in nonviolent demonstrations against the government's racial segregation policies.可知，他主张人们以和平非暴力
的形式争取权利。
3、C。细节理解题。从倒数第二段的Children are the wealth of our country，” he said可知，他认为孩子们是
国家的财富，因此表明他非常重视儿童。
4、D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的You are really guiding them from behind. That is how a leader should do his
work.可知，他认为一个领导人应该从后面指导着人们争取和平，结束冲突等。
5、A。 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了曼德拉的去世，以及对他的一生进行了简单的介绍的情况，提到了他
为种族 隔离制度的结束而奋斗，以及他的主张等等。