aaf-treats
nature of software applications can be
characterized by their information ()
a.
complexity
b. content
c. determinacy
d. choices
2. Modern software
applications are so complex that it is hard to
develop mutually
exclusive category names.()
a. True
b. False
3. Software
developers succeed more often than they fail, but
software failures
receive more press
coverage.()
a. True
b. False
4.
Adding more people to a project that is already
behind schedule is a good way
to catch up. ()
a. True
b. False
5. Modern CASE
tools are more important than the newest hardware
for achieving good
software quality and
productivity.()
a. True
b. False
6. Change cannot be easily accommodated in
most software systems, unless a system
was
designed with change in mind.()
a. True
b. False
7. A general statement of objectives
is all that is needed to begin developing a
piece of software.()
a. True
b.
False
8. The formal technical review is an
inadequate substitute for testing regardless
of nature of the software defect.()
a.
True
b. False
9. What do people mean by
the expression
Answer:This expression is
intended to describe the chronic problems
associated with
software failures, how
software is developed, how the growing volume of
software
is supported, and the difficulties in
meeting the growing demand for more software.
10. Explain what is wrong with the notion that
software engineering is too time
consuming and
interferes with a programmer's productivity.
Answer:Producing a lot of code quickly is not
the object of software development.
The
software needs to perform correctly or it will
need to be rewritten. Most software
products
must be maintained for many years after they are
developed, the time spent
documenting a
program and planning for changes is easily
justified over the product's
lifetime. Studies
have shown the later a change is introduced in the
development
process, the more costly it
is to implement.
11. Which of the items listed
below is not one of the software engineering
layers()
a. Process
b. Manufacturing
c. Methods
d. Tools
12. What are
the three generic phases of software engineering()
a. definition, development, support
b.
what, how, where
c. programming, debugging,
maintenance
d. analysis, design, testing
13. Which of these terms is a level name in
the Capability Maturity Model()
a. Ad hoc
b. Repeatable
c. Reusable
d.
Organized
CMM。它是对于软件组织在定义、实施、度量、控制和改善其软件过程的实践中
各个发展阶
段的描述。CMM的核心是把软件开发视为一个过程,并根据这一原则对软件开发和维护进行
过程监控和研究,以使其更加科学化、标准化、使企业能够更好地实现商业目标。CMM分为
五
个等级:一级为初始级,二级为可重复级,三级为已定义级,四级为已管理级,五级为优
化级。
14. Which of these items should be used to
select a software process framework()
a.
People
b. Product
c. Project
d.
All of the above
15. In which software
development problem solving stage are the results
delivered()
a. Status quo
b. Problem
definition
c. Technical development
d.
Solution integration
16. The linear
sequential model of software development is()
a. A reasonable approach when requirements are
well defined.
b. A good approach when a
working program is required quickly.
c. The
best approach to use for projects with large
development teams.
d. An old fashioned model
that is rarely used any more.
17. The linear
sequential model of software development is also
known as the ()
a. Classical life cycle model
b. Fountain model
c. Spiral model
d. Chaos model
18. The prototyping model of
software development is ()
a. A reasonable
approach when requirements are well defined.
b. A useful approach when a customer cannot define
requirements clearly.
c. The best
approach to use for projects with large
development teams.
d. A risky model that
rarely produces a meaningful product.
19. The
rapid application development model is ()
a.
Another name for component-based development.
b. A useful approach when a customer cannot
define requirements clearly.
c. A high speed
adaptation of the linear sequential model.
d. All of the above.
20. Evolutionary software
process models ()
a. Are iterative in nature
b. Can easily accommodate product
requirements changes
c. Do not generally
produce throw away systems
d. All of the
above
21. The incremental model of software
development is ()
a. A reasonable approach
when requirements are well defined.
b. A
good approach when a working core product is
required quickly.
c. The best approach to
use for projects with large development teams.
d. A revolutionary model that is not used for
commercial products.
22. The spiral model of
software development ()
a. Ends with the
delivery of the software product
b. Is more
chaotic than the incremental model
c.
Includes project risks evaluation during each
iteration
d. All of the above
23. The
concurrent development model is()
a. Another
name for the rapid application development model.
b. Often used for the development of
clientserver applications.
c. Only used for
development of parallel or distributed systems.
d. Used whenever a large number of change
requests are anticipated.
24. The component-
based development model is()
a. Only
appropriate for computer hardware design.
b.
Not able to support the development of reusable
components.
c. Dependent on object
technologies for support.
d. Not cost
effective by known quantifiable software metrics.
25. Describe the phases of the prototyping
model for software development
Answer:Requirements are gathered by having the
customer and developer meet and
identify
whatever objectives and requirements they can.
Quick design follows,
focusing on
representation of the software that will be
visible to the customer.
A prototype is
constructed by the developer and evaluated by the
customer and used
to refine the requirements.
Iteration occurs and the prototype is tuned to
satisfy
the customer's needs.
26. Describe
the role of risk analysis in evolutionary process
models like the spiral
model.
Answer:As
each prototype is enhanced by iteration through
the process steps, both
the technical and
management risks are assessed to see if it is
still possible to
compete the project which
its required functionality with acceptable time
and cost
constraints.
27. Effective
software project management focuses on()
a.
people, performance, payoff, product
b.
people, product, performance, process
c.
people, product, process, project
d. people,
process, payoff, product
28. The first step
in project planning is to ()
a. determine the
budget.
b. select a team organizational
model.
c. determine the project constraints.
d. establish the objectives and scope.
29. Process framework activities are populated
with (
a. milestones
b. work products
c. QA points
d. All of the above
30. Which factor is the least important when
choosing the organizational structure
for a
software team ()
a. degree of communication
desired
b. predicted size of the resulting
program
c. rigidity of the delivery date
d. size of the project budget
31. One of the
best ways to avoid frustration during the software
development process
is to ()
a. give team
members more control over process and technical
decisions.
b. give team members less control
over process and technical decisions.
c.
hide bad news from the project team members until
things improve.
d. reward programmers based
on their productivity.
32. Which of these
software characteristics is not a factor
contributing to project
coordination
difficulties
a. interoperability
b.
performance
c. scale
d. uncertainty
33. Which of these software characteristics
are used to determine the scope of a
software
project (
a. context,lines of code, function
b. context, function, communication
requirements
c. information objectives,
function, performance
d. communications
requirements, performance, information objectives
34. What activity does a software project
manager need to perform to minimize the
risk
of software failure
a. double the project
team size
b. request a large budget
c. allow absolutely no schedule
slippage
d. define milestones and track
progress
35. Which of these is not a valid
reason for measuring software processes, products,
and resources
a. to characterize them
b. to evaluate them
c. to price them
d. to improve them
36. Process
indicators enable a software project manager to
a. assess the status of an on-going project
b. track potential risks
c. adjust work
flow or tasks
d. all of the above
37.
Which of the following items are not measured by
software project metrics
a. inputs
b.
markets
c. outputs
d. results
38.
Which of the following software quality factors is
most likely to affected by
radical changes to
computing architectures
a. operation
b. transition
c. revision
d. none of
the above
39. Which of the following provide
useful measures of software quality
a.
correctness, performance, integrity, usability
b. reliability, maintainability, integrity,
sales
c. correctness, maintainability, size,
satisfaction
d. correctness,
maintainability, integrity, usability
40. To
be an effective aid in process improvement the
baseline data used must be:
a. based on
reasonable guesstimates from past projects
b. measured consistently across similar projects
c. collected over the past 6 months
d.
based on all previously completed projects
41. The software engineering environment (SEE)
consists of which of the following
a.
customers and users
b. developers and
managers
c. hardware platforms and software
tools
d. none of the above
42. LOC-
based estimation techniques require problem
decomposition based on
a. information domain
values
b. project schedule
c. software
functions
d. process activities
43. FP-based estimation techniques
require problem decomposition based on
a.
information domain values
b. project
schedule
c. software functions
d.
process activities
44. Process-based
estimation techniques require problem
decomposition based on
a. information domain
values and data objects
b. project schedule
and milestones
c. software functions and
process activities
d. none of the above
45. Software risk always involves two
characteristics
a. fire fighting and crisis
management
b. known and unknown risks
c. uncertainty and loss
d. staffing and
budget
46. Three categories of risks are
a. business risks, personnel risks, budget
risks
b. project risks, technical risks,
business risks
c. planning risks, technical
risks, personnel risks
d. management risks,
technical risks, design risks
47. Risk
projection attempts to rate each risk in two ways
a. likelihood and cost
b. likelihood
and impact
c. likelihood and consequences
d. likelihood and exposure
48. Risk
tables are sorted by
a. probability and cost
b. probability and impact
c.
probability and consequences
d. probability
and exposure
49. An effective risk management
plan will need to address which of the following
issues
a. risk avoidance
b. risk
monitoring
c. contingency planning
d.
all of the above
50. Which of the following
is not one of the guiding principles of software
project
scheduling
a.
compartmentalization
b. market assessment
c. time allocation
d. effort validation
51. A task set is a collection of
a.
engineering work tasks, milestones, deliverables
b. task assignments, cost estimates,
metrics
c. milestones, deliverables, metrics
d. responsibilities, milestones, documents
52. Adaptation criteria are used to determine
the
a. costs of product maintenance
b.
adjustments to the project schedule
c. best
project type classification for a software process
d. recommended degree of rigor for software
process
53. For purposes of determining the
major engineering tasks and distributing them
on the project time line, the project manager
should assume that the process model
used is
a. linear sequential
b. iterative
c. evolutionary
d. any of the above
54.
The purpose of earned value analysis is to
a. determine how to compensate developers based on
their productivity
b. provide a quantitative
means of assessing software project progress
c. provide a qualitative means of assessing
software project progress
d. set the price
point for a software product based on development
effort
55. List 3 principles for scheduling
software projects.
Answer:Compartmentalization, interdependency,
time allocation, effort validation,
defined
responsibilities, defined outcomes, defined
milestones
56. Variation control in the
context of software engineering involves
controlling
variation in the
a. process
applied
b. resources expended
c.
product quality attributes
d. all of the
above
57. A key concept of quality control is
that all work products
a. are delivered on
time and under budget
b. have complete
documentation
fc. have measurable
speciications for process outputs
d. are
thoroughly tested before delivery to the customer
58. Statistical quality assurance involves
a. using sampling in place of exhaustive
testing of software
b. surveying customers
to find out their opinions about product quality
c. tracing each defect to its underlying
cause, isolating the
and moving to correct them
d. tracing each defect to its underlying
causes and using the Pareto principle to
correct each problem found
59. Software
reliability problems can almost always be traced
to
a. errors in requirements gathering
b. errors in design and implementation
c. human error
d. errors in
operation
60. What is a formal technical
review and why is one conducted
Answer:The
purpose of an FTR is to have a group of software
engineers examine a
discrete work product and
determine whether or not the product is free of
defects
using the software specifications and
standards as the review criteria.
61. Which of
these are valid software configuration items
a. case tools
b. documentation
c.
executable programs and test data
d. all of
the above
62. Which of the following tasks is
not part of software configuration management
a. change control
b. reporting
c.
statistical quality control
d. version
control
63. Use-cases are scenarios that
describe
a. how software is to be used in a
given situation.
b. how CASE tools will be
used to construct the system.
c. the build
plan for a software product.
d. the test
cases for a software product.
64. Information
flow represents the manner in which data and
control
a. are related to one another.
b. changes each moves through the system.
c.
will be implemented in the final design.
d.
none of the above.
65. In the context of
requirements analysis, two types of problem
partitioning are
a. bottom-up and top-down
b. horizontal and vertical
c.
subordinate and superordinate
d. none of the
above
66. What are the five phases of
software requirements analysis
Answer:
Problem recognition
Evaluation and
synthesis
Modeling
Specification
Review
67. What models are created during
the analysis phase of a software development
process What is the purpose of each
Answer:
Data model - shows relationships
among system objects
Functional model -
describes the functions enabling the
transformations of system
objects
Behavioral model - shows manner that
software responds to events initiated from the
outside world
68. Which of the following
is not an objective for building an analysis model
a. define set of software requirements
b. describe customer requirements
c. develop
an abbreviated简短的 solution for the problem
d. establish basis for software design
69.
Which of the following is not an area of concern
in the design model
a. architecture
b.
data
c. interfaces
d. project scope
70. The importance of software design can be
summarized in a single word
a. accuracy
b. complexity
c. efficiency
d.
quality
71. What types of abstraction are
used in software design
a. control
b.
data
c. procedural
d. all of the above
72. Which of these model types does not
represent a software architecture
a. data
b. dynamic
c. process
d.
structural
73. Which of the following is not
part of software architecture
a. algorithm
details
b. databases
c. data design
d. program structure
74. An
architectural style encompasses which of the
following elements
a. constraints
b.
set of components
c. semantic models
d. all of the above
75. The criteria used to
assess the quality of an architectural design
should be
based on system
a.
accessibility and reliability
b. data and
control
c. functionality
d.
implementation details
76. In transaction
mapping the first level factoring results in the
a. creation of a CFD
b.
derivation of the control hierarchy
c.
distribution of worker modules
d. refinement
of the module view
77. A necessary supplement
to transform or transaction mapping needed to
create a
complete architectural design is
a. entity relationship diagrams
b. the
data dictionary
c. processing narratives for
each module
d. test cases for each module
78. Which of the following interface design
principles reduce the user's memory load
a.
define intuitive shortcuts
b. disclose
information in a progressive fashion
c.
establish meaningful defaults
d. all of the
above
79. Interface consistency implies that
a. input mechanisms remain the same
throughout the application
b. each
application should have its own distinctive look
and feel
c. navigational methods are context
sensitive
d. answers a and b
80. Which
of these are objectives for software testing
a. determine the productivity of programmers
b. eliminate the need for future program
maintenance
c. eliminate every error prior
to release
d. uncover software errors
81. Black-box testing attempts to find errors
in which of the following categories
a.
incorrect or missing functions
b. interface
errors
c. performance errors
d. all of
the above
82. What is the normal order of
activities in which software testing is organized
a. unit, integration, system, validation
b. system, integration, unit, validation
c. unit, integration, validation, system
d. none of the above
83. The first step
in any OOA process model are to
a. build an
object-relationship model
b. define
collaborations between objects
c. elicit
customer requirements
d. select a
representation language
84. UML (unified
modeling language) analysis modeling focuses on
the
a. behavioral model and environment
model
b. behavioral model and implementation
model
c. user model and environmental model
d. user model and structural model
85. Describe the object-oriented software
domain analysis process.
Software domain
analysis is the identification, analysis, and
specification of
common, reusable capabilities
within a specific application domain in terms of
common objects, classes, subassemblies, and
frameworks.
86. What are the steps needed to
build an object-behavior model
(1)Evaluate the
use-cases to understand the interaction sequence
within the system.
(2)Identify events that
drive the interaction sequence and how the events
relate
to specific objects.
(3)Create an
event trace for each use-case.
(4)Build a
state transition diagram for the system.
(5)Review the object-behavior model to verify
accuracy and consistency.
sing的名词-宁谧
最小的英文-不可胜数读音
百合花茹志鹃-英语26个字母发音跟读
关于兔的成语-cut怎么读
逃的拼音-lce
研究生调剂是什么意思-handbag
射入口-80字日记
茶杯的英文-abide
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