知识英语-二年级上册数学计算题
状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语
、状语或整个句子。根据其
作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句
。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引
导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句
隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
一、时间状语从句
要点:
时间状语从句,由以下连词引导:
when while as after
before as soon as since till until by the time
在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一
致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。
当。。。的时候
Mozart started writing
music when he was four years old.
(当)莫扎特的时候,开始写音乐作品。
当。。。时
He
visited a lot of places while he was traveling.
他在旅途中参观了许多地方。
在。。。的同时;一边。。。一边。。。
He smiled as he stood up.
他一边站起来一边笑着。
在。。。之后
He left
the classroom after he had finished his homework
the other day.
前几天做完作业之后回的家。
在。。。之前
Mr. Brown had worked in a bank
for a year before he came here.
布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。
soon as
一。。。就。。。
We began to work as soon as
we got there. 我们一到那就开始工作。
I will
write to you as soon as I get home.
我一到家就给你写信。
自。。。以来 到现在
表示自过
去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时,
从句用一般过去时
。
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Mr. Green has
taught in that school since he came to china three
years ago.
自格林先生来中国以来,他就在这所学校教书。
(还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用短语:since three years
ago(自三年前以来)表示。)
8 till until
都可以作连词,连接时间状语,也可以作介词,与其它词构成介词短语,在句中作状语。
they walked till until it was dark. 他们一直走到天黑。
xiao ming didn’t leave home till until his
father came back. 小明直到他爸爸回来才离开家。
9. by
the time 到。。。为止 (所在句子的主句应用完成时)
by the
time he gets there , his father has already gone.
他到家的时候,他爸爸已经走了。
by the time i got to
school, the class had already began.
我到校时,已经开始上课了。
难点——as when while的辨析
as when while都表示主、从句动作同时发生,三者差异如下:
表示“一边。。。一边"的意思;
as
1、强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时 ;
2、用于发生时间较短时;
when 1、还可以表示从句动词的动作在主句动词的动作"之前 "或"之后"发生。
2、when=and then; at that moment
(正在那个时候)
while 1、用于时间较长时
2、 强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时
有时这三个连词可以互换,有时不可以。
It was raining hard
when (as) I got there. 我到那里时,正在下大雨。 (
动作同时发生,when
可换为as, 但不能换为while,因为get是点动词.)
When I had read the article, he called me.
我看完这篇文章之后,她给我打了电话。( 从句动作
发生在主句之前,注意时态表达,只能用when
)
When I got to the cinema, the film had
begun. (当)我到了电影院时,电影已经开演了。(从句的
动作发生在主句之后,只能用wh
en,并要注意时态)
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He was
about to leave, when the telephone rang.
他正要离开,忽然电话响了。( 此时不能放在
句首。主句动词一般表达 “正在”
“即将”.
while, as不能代替 ( 考点)
She
thought I was talking about her daughter, while,
in fact, I was talking about my daughter.
他以为我在谈她女儿,然而,实际上在谈论我女儿。(表转折,对比,when, as都不能代替它)
考
点
While the alien was buying a
souvenir, the girl called the police.
外星人买
纪念品时,那女孩给警察打了电话。(表示主句,从句的动作同时发生,while后引导的状语
从句的
动词必须是延续动词不能是点动词,因为它表示较长时间)考点
Mother was
worried because little Alice was ill, especially
as (when while) father was away.
妈妈担心,因为小爱丽丝病了,特别是他父亲不在家的时候。(此时as ,when,
while可通用)
知识扩展
1. it is
since从。。。以来多长时间了(因为since +从句或名词,表示一段时间)
It is five years since we met last
time.从我们上次见面已经五年了。
2. it is
+before…(。。。才)
It was a long time before
I went to sleep again. 过了很长时间我才睡着。
It was
an hour before(=until) the police arrived.
过了一个小时,警察才来。
二、条件状语从句
要点:条件状语从句由连词if, unless (=if not) 引导。
1. If
it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
如果明天不下雨, 我们就去远足.
2. You will get good
grades if you study hard. 如果你努力学习,就会取得好成绩.
3. I will go to the party unless he goes
there too. 我不会去参加聚会的, 除非他也去.(如果他不
去,我也不去.)
4. You will be late unless you leave
immediately. 如果你不马上走,你将会迟到的.(=if you
don’t
leave immediately, you will be late.)
难点提示:用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用,当主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时.
He will not leave if it isn’t fine tomorrow.
一般将来时, 一般现在时
They are going to have a
picnic if it doesn’t rain next week. 一般将来时, 一般现在时
考点
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三、原因状语从句
要点: 1、由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that
等词引导
1. I didn’t go to school yesterday
because I was ill. 我昨天没去上学,因为我生病了。
2.
Since everybody is here, let’s begin our meeting.
既然大家都来了, 让我们开始开会吧.
3. As you are in poor
health, you should not stay up late.
由于你身体欠佳,你不该熬夜。
既然你身体不好, 你就不该熬夜.
4.i asked her to stay to tea, for i had something
to tell her.
我请她留下来喝茶,因为我有事要告诉她.
.难点——because , since , as , for,辨析
在语气上,because 最重, 表示的是直接理由,回答why 时只能用它. 其次是since,
as ,一般不表示
原因, 而是表明理由, 进一步说明.(译为:由于,既然). for
被认为是复合句的并列连词(常用于推断),
表示理由.
四、地点状语从句
要点: 由连词where和复合关系词wherever (=no
matter where )引导.
知识扩展
1. Where
there is a will , there is a way. 有志者事竟成。(谚语)
2 It will be mixed school where not all the
children are disabled. 它将是一所混合式学校,那里
的儿童并不都是残疾
。(在限定性定语从句中对限先行词起限定作用。)
3. Wherever you
go , I go too. 无论你到什么地方,我都去。(wherever=no matter
where)无论何
处,多用于句首。
4. Wherever there
is smoke , there is fire. 无风不起浪。(谚语)
5.
While she was wondering where to go , she met a
policeman. 疑问副词where后跟不定式,
构成不定式短语. 考点
五、目的,结果状语从句
要点: 目的状语从句由连词that, so
that, so…that , in order that 引导。
结果状语从句由连词( so )that, so…that, such…that, so
muchmany…that引导。
…that 如此…以至于
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1
The scientist’s report was so
instructive that we were all very excited.
科学家的报告很有启发性,我们感到很兴奋。
He always
studied so hard that he made great progress.
他总是那么努力,结果他取得了很大进步。
2、so that 以至, 以便
I’ll run slowly so that you can catch up
with me. (目的) 我将慢慢跑以至你能赶上我。
I opened
the window so that fresh air might come in. (目的)
我把窗户打开以使新鲜空气可以进来。
3、 such…that
如此。。。以至
It’s such nice weather that all
of us want to go to the
park.天气是如此的好,我们大家都想去公园玩。
4、in order
that=so that:为了
We shall let you know
the details soon in order that you canmay make
your arrangements.
不久我们将会让你知道详情,以便你们能够做出安排。(目的)
难点
+形容词或副词
+形+a(an)+单数可数名词
so
+many 或few+复数可数名词 +that
+much或
little+不可数名词
so that ,such…that 都可以in
order that两者皆可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句,当他们引导
目的状语从句时,从句的
谓语里常常有can, could, may, might, will, would等词。 (见例句
2, 5 )
so +.+ that, such +n.+ that
以上两种句型都表示结果,其中so为副词,后接形容词,副词原
型,当可数名词前有many,
few;不可数名词前有much, little修饰时,应采用句型:so many (few,
much,
little )+n. 。 such为形容词, 后只能接名词。这名词既可以是可数
的,也可以是不可数的。如果这名
词是可数,单数,则必须在名词前加冠词a(an).
常见的形式是:such a (beautiful)garden, such(nice)people.
The weather is so nice that I’d like to
take a walk. 天气是如此只好,以至于我想去散散步.
Mike
is so honest a man that we all believe him.
麦克是如此诚实的一个人,以至于大家都相信他
(=mike is such an
honest man that we all believe him.) 考点
I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all
over. 我跌了很多跤,浑身摔得清一块紫一块.
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There are so few notebooks that I can’t give
you any. 笔记本太少了,我一本也给不了你.
It is such
nice weather that I’d like to take a walk.
天气是如此只好,以至于我想去散散步. 考点
六、让步状语从句
要点: 表示让步的状语从句由连词 though, although引导.
难点:
though, although当虽然讲, 都不能和but连用.
although,(though)…but的格式是不对的.但是他们都
可以同yet
(still) 连用. 所以thought
(although)…yet(still)的格式是正确的.
虽然他很富有,
然而他并不快乐.
错句: Although he is rich but he
is not happy.
正确 : Although he is rich,
yet he is not happy.
尽管我们已经长大了,可是我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩.
正确 :
although we have grown up, our parents treat us as
children.
正确 : although we have grown
up, our parents still treat us as children.
although, though 辨析
although
不能像though 那样用作副词, 放在句末表示强调时要用even though.
He is looking fit, though. 但是,他看上去很健康. 考点
Even though I didn’t under a word, I kept
smiling. 尽管我一个字也不懂,我还是一直微笑着。
He is
quite experienced, he is young, though.
尽管他很年轻,他很有经验。
七、比较状语从句
要点:比较状语从句主要运用于形容词和副词的原级,比较级及最高级的句子之中。
原级
1. as…as 和。。。一样
Jack is as
tall as bob. 捷克和汤姆一样高。
2. not so(as)…as
…和不一样
She is not so(as)outgoing as her
sister. 她不如她姐姐外向。
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比较级
more…than (更)
This book is
more instructive than that one. 这本书比那本书有教育意义。
最高级
most…inof
This book
is the most interesting of the three.
这本书是三本中最有趣的。
2. the + 形容词+est…ofin
This road is the busiest street in our city.
这条路是我们城市最繁忙的街道。
知识扩展
1、no
more than只不过(嫌少的意思)
I have no more
than two pens. 我只有两支笔。
It’s no more
than a mile to the shops. 去商店不过一英里。
2、not more than不如。。。;(前者不如后者)
Jack is
not more diligent than John. 捷克不如约翰勤奋。
3、one of the + 名词(复数)….之一(用于最高级)
Han
Mei is one of the best students in our school.
韩梅是我们学校最好的学生之一。
练习
一、用when ,
while ,as soon as, not…until 填空
1. The
car hit the man _______ he was crossing the
road.
2. I’ll tell you the good
news_______ I get there.
3. He ______ go
to bed _______11 o’clock last night.
4.
The accident happened _______ I was on my way to
work.
5. Sports build the body______
reading builds the mind.
6. I used to be
rather quite_______ I was young.
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二、用although , though,
however填空
1. They got to the airport on
time______ the traffic was bad.
2. We
had a wonderful_______ the food was terrible.
3. Some people think winter is a bad season.
_______, for me it’s a good time because I live
cold, rainy
weather.
三、用because,
since, so… that, if填空
1.______ we’re
young, we shouldn’t be too afraid of making
mistakes.
2. The weather was ______ nice
______ I spent the whole day in the park.
3. He couldn’t come to your party______ he was
ill.
4.______ were you, i would wear
that earrings.
四、填入适当的引导词
1. I
haven't heard from him _____ he went to
America.
2. He won't be here _____ he is
invited.
3. He will not go to the cinema
_____ he is very busy.
4. We found the
key _____ she lad left it.
5. We found
the books two days ____ he had gone away.
6. We had no sooner got to the station _____ the
train left.
7. He speaks English ______
he were an Englishman.
8. He is
explaining clearly _______ they could
understand.
9. Do not leave the room
_____ you have finished the test.
10.
She sang ______ she went along.
五、
改错
1. The children were running on the
playground as fast as they can.
2. Since
her husband had died,so she had to support her
family.
3. He won't go out until his
mother will come.
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4. He was very foolish that he didn't pass such an
easy exam.
5. Tom had gone out as soon
as his mother got home.
6. It was three
months since he came to our school.
7.
The playground of our school is larger than their
school.
8. The streets in Nanjing are
wider than shanghai.
9. Whatever there
is plenty of sun and rain,the fields are
green.
10. She sings songs as if she is
a bird.
答案:
一、 soon as 3.
didn’t , until
二、ghthough ghthough
r
三、1. since, …that, e,
四、1.
since 2. unless 3. because 4. where 5. after
6. than 7. as if 8. so that
9. before 10.
as
ii、1. can 改为could 2. 去掉so 3. will
come改为 comes 4. very改为 so 五、as soon as
改为when6. was 改为is 7. than 之后加上that of 8.
than 后加 those in 9. whatever改为
wherever 10.
is改为 were
知识迁移(栏目)
状语从句在解完形填空题的作用
在完形填空解题过程中,正确使用状语从句中的连接词及
副词,对于把握作者思路、从不同角度
进行合乎逻辑的推理,进而达到理解全文、构建篇章意识来解决问
题,起着决定性的作用。
example 1,
Some
people dislike certain food 1______ they are not
used to it. The Japanese enjoy eating raw fish
2_____ few Americans would want to taste it.
Some people do not eat particular food for
religious reasons.
For instance, Muslims do
not eat pork 3_____ pigs are thought to be
unclean.
1( ) a. because b. before c.
when d. since
2 ( ) a. as b. when c.
while d. after
3 ( ) a. although b.
because c. till d. so that
1 1
example 2.
People
enjoy the food that they grew up with. as a
cultural group, we learn to like what is
available(现
成可使用的 ) to us. Sometimes we need to
change our eating habits. 4_____ we move or travel
to a new
place with a different culture, or
favorite food may not be available to us. 5_____
we have to eat food that is
different from the
food we are used to.
4 ( ) a. when b.
because c. as soon as d. if
5 ( ) a.
as a result b. before c. so d. for
example 3
Try not to leave any caller on
hold for too long. It is better to tell someone
you will call back 6_____
you are free. Be
sure to return calls 7_____ you can. 8 _____ you
can not return the call immediately,
apologize
to the caller for the delay.
6 ( ) a.
while b. after c. when d. because
7 ( )
a. if b. as soon as c. until d. as
8 (
) a. where b. unless c. since d. if
example 4
The complete course is 26
miles, 385 yards, and takes the best runners less
than 3 hours. 9______ it has
changed since
1970, the New York city marathon is always
exciting.
9 ( ) a. because b. although
c. when d. till
example 5
“and
I don’t think you have the right to ask me to
remove them, 10_______ you are my father.” said
he. (05中考))
10 ( ) a. after all b.
only if c. even though d. as if
答案:
1. a 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. a 6. c 7.
b 8. d 9. b 10. c
状语从句在写作中的运用
写作中能合理、正确地使用状语从句,不但能地道的表达英文习惯,而且还能使文体结构更加严谨、美观。例如下文:
My hobby
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The hobby I enjoy most is
fishing.
I started fishing (1)when I was
five years old. I’ll never forget the day (2)when
my father first took me
fishing with him. On
that day, I was holding a fishing rod (3)when a
fish suddenly started pulling on the line.
(4)I was so shocked that I fell into the
water. But experience didn’t put me off and I have
been fishing ever
since.
now i still
go fishing with my father. and we often go out on
sundays and spend the whole day fishing
in the
river.
(1)是由when引导的时间状语从句,这列从句的使用频率很高。
(2)句是由i’ll never forget the day .及when my father
first took me fishing with
him.两句组成。when
在从句中做时间状语。
(3)句也是由when
引导的时间状语从句。when 常与suddenly 连用,主句常用过去进行是。译
为
“正在……, 忽然……”.
(4)是以 so…that…
(太…..以至于……)引导的结果状语从句
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亮菌甲素-简单漂亮的英文手写体
高考物理公式-dueto
bcc是什么意思-海底两万里读后感50字
陪伴的英文-iliad
eating-隐隐绰绰
古文学习网-attempt
Guy什么意思-欧式几何
抱开头的成语-主语谓语宾语
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