英语时态—一般将来时

英语时态—一般将来时
（The future indefinite tense)
讲解与练习参考答案
在英语中，每句话都包含一定的时态，要学好英语就必须掌握英 语中一些常用的时态。
在英语中,不同时间发生的动作和情况,要用不同的动词形式表示.这种不同的时 间和不同的
动词形式就叫做动词的时态. 换句话说，判断一个句子的时态，可以通过句子中的时间和动
词的形态来判断。下面我就一般将来时作一些讲解，如有不妥之处，请指教。每种时态都有
三个 最基本的要素，分别是该时态的概念、结构、判断标志词。
一、 一般将来时的概念：
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。
二、 一般将来时的结构：（有两类不同的结构）
Ⅰ 主语+shall（在英式英语中，只用于第一人称） will（在英式英语中，用于第二、三人称）
+动词（原形）【美式英语则不管什么人称，一律用will，因此美式英语只有一种结构：主语
+ will+动词（原形）】
肯定句式：主语 + will + 动词（原形）+ 其它. 【主语 + will = 主语’ll】
否定句式：主语 + will + not + 动词（原形）+ 其它. 【will not = won’t】
一般疑问句：will + 主语 + 动词（原形）+ 其它？
注：英式英语中现在也趋向于所有人称都用will，因此，现在比较少见到I shall或We shall
Ⅱ 主语 + be going to +动词（原形）+ 其它.
肯定句式：主语 + be going to +动词（原形）+ 其它.
否定句式：主语 + be + not + going to +动词（原形）+ 其它.
一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + going to +动词（原形）+ 其它？
注：主语 + be going to + 动词原形‖表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。
三、 一般将来时的判断标志词
tomorrow , the day after tomorrow , next + 时间 ，in + 一段时间 , in + 将来的年代 , at once ,
this afternoon , this evening , soon , in the future , some day , from now on , and so on.
四、 一般将来时的基本用法
1. ①表示将来发生的行为或存在的状态，常与tomorrow; in 2020；next week(year ,month),
from now on，soon, some day, the day after tomorrow，in(the)future, in five days（再过五天），
in two weeks（再过二星期）等表示将来的时间状语连用。
Will you be free tonight? 你今晚有空吗？
He will arrive here tomorrow morning. 他将于明天早上到达这里。
Don’t worry. I will be back in three days.别担心，我三天之后就回来了
②在时间状语和条件状语从句中，表示将来的时候,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时：
When it gets warmer the snow will start to melt．当气候变暖时，雪将开始融化。
I will go swimming if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我将去游泳。
2. 表示将来的常见方法 1）be going to +不定式，表示将来。
①与人连用时往往有―意图、意向、打算、目的在于……‖等含义
We are not going to have a picnic. 我们不打算去野炊。
Are you going to buy him a gift? 你打算给他买礼物吗？
②根据客观的迹象预示着…

I’m going to leave at the end of this week. 我打算在这周末离开。
Look at the clouds, --- there is going to be a storm.看那天上的云，怕是要下雨了。
▲ be going to与will有如下几点区别：
①be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则可近可远，如：
She told him she was going to quit the job．她告诉他，她即将辞职不干。
He will write a book one day.
② be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事
情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die. 他病得很重。他就快死了。
Tomorrow will be Wednesday. 明天是星期三。
③be going to 含有―计划，准备‖的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如：
She is going to lend us her book. 他准备把书借给我们。
He will be here in half an hour. 半小时后他将在这里。
④表达意图时：be going to do事先经过考虑的，而will do说话时刻临时想到的；表达预见
时：be going to do有客观迹象作基础，而will do说话人的主观想法
We’re really lost. I’ll stop and ask someone the way. 我们真的迷路了，我要停下来问路。
I will try my best to help her. 我愿尽力帮助她。
五、 一般将来时的特殊用法
1）go, come, start, move, sail, leave, arrive, stay、fly等可用进行时态表示将来，常有―意图‖、
―安排‖ 或―打算‖的含义。它常表示最近或较近的将来，所使用的动词多与移动、方向、启动
等有关。如：
They are coming here this afternoon. 他们今天下午来这儿。
Mr. White is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.怀特先生明天将去北京。
▲ 也可用于某些非转移动词。如：
What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么?
My mother is buying me a bike soon. 我妈妈不久将给我买一辆自行车。
I’m meeting you after class. 课后我要找你。
2）come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay等动词用一般现在时也可表示将来。
Because the shop is closing down , all the T-shirts are sold at half price. 因为商店就要倒闭了，
所有的T恤衫都半价出售
The meeting starts at five o'clock. He gets off at the next stop.
六、 习题操练
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be
( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work
( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be
( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?
– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will

C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give
( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
–________. （不，不要。）
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.
( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper?
– I ________ if for you at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?
A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are
( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.
A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving
( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.
A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote
( ) 13. He ________ in three days.
A. coming back B. came back
C. will come back D. is going to coming back
( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.
A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine
( ) 15. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?
– No, ________ （不去）.
A. they willn’t. B. they won’t. C. they aren’t. D. they don’t.
( ) 16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?
A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go
( ) 17. We ________ the work this way next time.
A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing
( ) 18. Tomorrow he _____ a kite in the open air first, and then ______ boating in the park.
A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes
C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go
( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.
A. will watching B. watches
C. is watching D. is going to watch
( ) 20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.
A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be
( ) 21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.
A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have
( ) 22. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?
A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be
( ) 23. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.
A. will B. is C. will be D. be
( ) 24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?

A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow
C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows
( ) 25. – Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?
–________ （好的）.
A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will.
C. No, please. D. No, you won’t.
( ) 26. It ________ the year of the horse next year.
A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is
( ) 27. ________ open the window?
A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you
( ) 28. – Let’s go out to play football, shall we?
– OK. I ________.
A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming
( ) 29. It ________ us a long time to learn English well.
A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend
( ) 30. The train ________ at 11.
A. going to arrive B. will be arrive
C. is going to D. is arriving
( ) 31. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be
C. is going to be D. will go to be
( ) 32. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working
C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work
( ) 33. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is
C. will be; will be D. is; will be
( ) 34. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have C. will haveD. is going to be
( ) 35. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?
– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
( ) 36. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give
( ) 37. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
–________. （不，不要。）
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t.
C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.
( ) 38. – Where is the morning paper?
– I ________ if for you at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
( ) 39. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.
A. will watching B. watches

C. is watching D. is going to watch
( ) 40. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.
A. shall be B. will be
C. shall going to be D. will going to be
( ) 41. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.
A. are having B. are going to have
C. will having D. is going to have
( ) 42. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?
A. Will; are B. Will; be
C. Do; be D. Are; be
( ) 43. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.
A. will B. is C. will be D. be
( ) 44. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?
A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow
C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows
二、动词填空。
1. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I ______ （leave）.
2. —How long _____ you _____（study）in our country?
—I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year.
—I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.
—What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here?
—I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.
3. I ______（be）tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight.
4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.
5. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon.
6. —_____ you _____（be）here this Saturday?
—No. I ______（visit）my teacher.
7. —______ I ______（get）you a copy of today’s newspaper?
—Thank you.
8. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
9. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes.
10. Most of us don’t think their team ______（win）.
11. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I ______ （leave）.
12. —How long _____ you _____（study）in our country?
—I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year.
—I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.
—What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here?
—I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.
13. I ______（be）tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight.
14. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.
15. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
16. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes.
17. Most of us don’t think their team ______（win）.
参考答案：

一、单项选择。
1. C 2. D 3. D 4.D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D
9. B 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. D
17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. B
25. A 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D
33.D 34.D 35. D 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. B
41. B 42. B 43.C 44. B
二、动词填空。
1. am leaving will finish leave
2. will study plan hope will do leave will return get
3. am will 4. will give 5. will snow
6. Will , be will visit 7. Shall get
8. will be 9. won’t believe sees 10. will win
11. am leaving will finish leave
12. will study plan hope will do leave will return get
13. am will 14. will give 15. will be 16. won’t believe sees

17. will win